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# History Lab

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://historylab.es/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [El Holocausto: Historia y memoria](https://historylab.es/the-holocaust-history-and-memory/) - Segunda Guerra Mundial
- [The Holocaust: History and Memory](https://historylab.es/the-holocaust-history-and-memory/) - World War II
- [Women's work in early modern Andalucía](https://historylab.es/womens-work-in-early-modern-andalucia/) - Information on the objectives and activities of the TRAMA project
- [Women and the sea in Bizkaia during the 18th century](https://historylab.es/women-and-the-sea-in-bizkaia-during-the-18th-century/) - Women, work at sea and their forms of survival, but also the different forms of disapproval and rejection existing in a society such as the Basque one. Image of the cover of the research work. Pasages boatyard. Engraving by E. Gómez included in Juan Mañé y Flaquer's book El Oasis, Viaje al País de los Fueros (1879).
- [Los trabajos de las mujeres en la Andalucía moderna](https://historylab.es/womens-work-in-early-modern-andalucia/) - La mujer, el trabajo en el mar y sus formas de supervivencia, pero también las diferentes formas de desaprobación y de rechazo existentes en una sociedad como la vasca. Imagen de la portada del trabajo de investigación. Batelera de Pasages. Grabado de E. Gómez incluido en el libro de Juan Mañé y Flaquer El Oasis, Viaje al País de los Fueros (1879).
- [La mujer y la mar en Bizkaia durante el siglo XVIII](https://historylab.es/women-and-the-sea-in-bizkaia-during-the-18th-century/) - La mujer, el trabajo en el mar y sus formas de supervivencia, pero también las diferentes formas de desaprobación y de rechazo existentes en una sociedad como la vasca. Imagen de la portada del trabajo de investigación. Batelera de Pasages. Grabado de E. Gómez incluido en el libro de Juan Mañé y Flaquer El Oasis, Viaje al País de los Fueros (1879).
- [Gold and Salt routes](https://historylab.es/gold-and-salt-routes/) - The ancient itineraries of the gold and salt routes. In particular, the focus is on the city of Timbuktu. The Cervi salt museum.
- [Las Rutas del Oro y la Sal](https://historylab.es/gold-and-salt-routes/) - Los antiguos itinerarios de las rutas del oro y la sal. En particular, la atención se centra en la ciudad de Tombuctú. El museo de la sal de Cervi
- [Amber route](https://historylab.es/amber-route/) - The ancient route along which the trade and transfer of amber took place.
- [La Ruta del ámbar](https://historylab.es/amber-route/) - La antigua ruta por la que se realizaba el comercio y traslado del ámbar
- [Historical maps of cities of the world](https://historylab.es/historical-maps-of-cities-of-the-world/) - Cartography.
- [Mapas históricos de ciudades del mundo](https://historylab.es/historical-maps-of-cities-of-the-world/) - Cartografía
- [Francis Drake](https://historylab.es/francis-drake/) - The era of great discovieries
- [Francis Drake](https://historylab.es/francis-drake/) - La era de los grandes descubrimientos
- [Ferdinand Magellan](https://historylab.es/ferdinand-magellan/) - The era of great discovieries
- [Fernando de Magallanes](https://historylab.es/ferdinand-magellan/) - La era de los grandes descubrimientos
- [Cristóbal Colón](https://historylab.es/chistopher-columbus/) - La era de los grandes descubrimientos
- [Giovanni Caboto](https://historylab.es/giovanni-caboto/) - La era de los grandes descubrimientos
- [Vasco da Gama](https://historylab.es/vasco-da-gama/) - La era de los grandes descubrimientos
- [Chistopher Columbus](https://historylab.es/chistopher-columbus/) - The era of great discovieries
- [Giovanni Caboto](https://historylab.es/giovanni-caboto/) - The era of great discovieries
- [Vasco da Gama](https://historylab.es/vasco-da-gama/) - The era of great discovieries
- [Amerigo Vespucci](https://historylab.es/amerigo-vespucci/) - The era of great discovieries
- [Américo Vespucio](https://historylab.es/amerigo-vespucci/) - La era de los grandes descubrimientos
- [Christopher Columbus](https://historylab.es/christopher-columbus-2/) - Images of Columbus.
- [Cristóbal Colón](https://historylab.es/christopher-columbus-2/) - Imágenes de Colón
- [Spanish Travelers](https://historylab.es/spanish-travelers/) - Journeys undertaken by the Spaniards throughout history.
- [Viajeros Españoles](https://historylab.es/spanish-travelers/) - Viajes realizados por los españoles a lo largo de la historia
- [Ancient history of roman cultural](https://historylab.es/ancient-history-of-roman-cultural/) - Sources of ancient history, especially Roman history.
- [Historia antigua de la cultura romana](https://historylab.es/ancient-history-of-roman-cultural/) - Fuentes de la historia antigua, especialmente de la historia romana
- [Pausania](https://historylab.es/pausania/) - Consideration about silk and Chinese and Mediterranean basin. All the books of Pausania writer.
- [Pausanias](https://historylab.es/pausania/) - Consideración sobre la seda y la cuenca china y mediterránea. Todos los libros del escritor Pausania
- [The Silk Road](https://historylab.es/the-silk-road/) - Trade in the days of the silk road.
- [La ruta de la seda](https://historylab.es/the-silk-road/) - Comercio en los días de la Ruta de la seda
- [Around the Periplo](https://historylab.es/around-the-periplo/) - Periplus of the Erythraean Sea or circumnavigation of the Red Sea, 1st century AD. The Indian port of Barigaza. The kingdom of incense along the southern coast of the Arabian Peninsula: the port of Cana. Production, trade and many wares.
- [Alrededor del Periplo](https://historylab.es/around-the-periplo/) - Periplo del Mar Eritreo o circunnavegación del Mar Rojo, siglo I d.C. El puerto indio de Barigaza. El reino del incienso a lo largo de la costa sur de la Península Arábiga: el puerto de Caná. Producción, comercio y muchas mercancías
- [On the routes of the Phoenicians](https://historylab.es/on-the-routes-of-the-phoenicians/) - Routes, routes, itineraries in the ancient Mediterranean.
- [Por las rutas de los fenicios](https://historylab.es/on-the-routes-of-the-phoenicians/) - Rutas, itinerarios en el Mediterráneo antiguo
- [Ancient materials of Francophonie](https://historylab.es/ancient-materials-of-francophonie/) - History of slavery and travel reports.
- [Materiales antiguos de la Francofonía](https://historylab.es/ancient-materials-of-francophonie/) - Historia de la esclavitud y relatos de viajes
- [The wreck of the Clotilda ship](https://historylab.es/the-wreck-of-the-clotilda-ship/) - The horrors of slavery.
- [El naufragio del barco Clotilda](https://historylab.es/the-wreck-of-the-clotilda-ship/) - Los horrores de la esclavitud
- [Map of migrations in history](https://historylab.es/map-of-migrations-in-history/) - Migrations in history.
- [Mapa de migraciones en la historia](https://historylab.es/map-of-migrations-in-history/) - Migraciones en la historia
- [History of slavery](https://historylab.es/history-of-slavery/) - Nine monuments that tell the story of slavery.
- [Historia de la esclavitud](https://historylab.es/history-of-slavery/) - Nueve monumentos que cuentan la historia de la esclavitud
- [Travel and Trade in the Middle Age](https://historylab.es/travel-and-trade-in-the-middle-age/) - The trade commerce and the travel in medieval world.
- [Viajes y comercio en la Edad Media](https://historylab.es/travel-and-trade-in-the-middle-age/) - El comercio y los viajes en el mundo medieval
- [Maps and Travel in the Middle Age](https://historylab.es/maps-and-travel-in-the-middle-age/) - A Brief Look at Medieval Maps and Travel Guides.
- [Mapas y viajes en la Edad Media](https://historylab.es/maps-and-travel-in-the-middle-age/) - Una breve mirada a mapas medievales y guías de viaje
- [The history of Grand Tour](https://historylab.es/the-history-of-grand-tour/) - History of Grand Tour -Travel in iItaly, 1680 -1830.
- [La Historia del Grand Tour](https://historylab.es/the-history-of-grand-tour/) - La Historia del Grand Tour - Viajes en Italia, 1680 -1830
- [Viaje en la Edad Media](https://historylab.es/journey-in-the-middle-age/) - Descripción de aspectos de la vida en la Edad Media
- [Journey in the Middle Age](https://historylab.es/journey-in-the-middle-age/) - Description of aspects of life in the Middle Ages.
- [Travel in the Middle Ages, with John F. Romano](https://historylab.es/travel-in-the-middle-ages-with-john-f-romano/) - Conference and interview to Prof. John F. Romano.
- [Viajes en la Edad Media, con John F. Romano](https://historylab.es/travel-in-the-middle-ages-with-john-f-romano/) - Conferencia y entrevista al Prof. John F. Romano
- [Romea Germanica Route](https://historylab.es/romea-germanica-route/) - Road to Rome: from Northern Germany through Austria and Italy.
- [Vía Romea Germánica](https://historylab.es/romea-germanica-route/) - Camino a Roma: desde el norte de Alemania a través de Austria e Italia
- [Francigena route](https://historylab.es/francigena-route/) - Road to Rome. Itinerary: the walking path in England, France, Switzerland, Italy; and cycling path in Switzerland, Italy.
- [Vía Francígena](https://historylab.es/francigena-route/) - Camino a Roma. Itinerario: la ruta de senderismo en Inglaterra, Francia, Suiza, Italia; y carril bici en Suiza, Italia
- [History in a museum - Palazzo Poggi Museum (Unibo). The great journeys and geographical discoveries](https://historylab.es/history-in-a-museum-palazzo-poggi-museum-unibo-the-great-journeys-and-geographical-discoveries/) - The trip to Europe between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
- [Historia en un museo - Museo Palacio Poggi (Unibo). Los grandes viajes y descubrimientos geográficos](https://historylab.es/history-in-a-museum-palazzo-poggi-museum-unibo-the-great-journeys-and-geographical-discoveries/) - El viaje a Europa entre los siglos XVI y XVII
- [The journey in the modern age](https://historylab.es/the-journey-in-the-modern-age/) - The trip to Europe between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
- [El viaje en la edad moderna](https://historylab.es/the-journey-in-the-modern-age/) - El viaje a Europa entre los siglos XVI y XVII
- [Orbis](https://historylab.es/orbis/) - The Stanford Geospatial Network Model of the Roman World about routes, time, expenses.
- [Orbis](https://historylab.es/orbis/) - El modelo de red geoespacial de Stanford del Mundo Romano sobre rutas, tiempo, gastos
- [Ludovico de Varthema](https://historylab.es/ludovico-de-varthema/) - Diary.Description of Mecca, merchandise, unicorns, Giadda, navigation.
- [Ludovico de Varthema](https://historylab.es/ludovico-de-varthema/) - Diario. Descripción de La Meca, mercancías, unicornios, Giadda, navegación
- [Anselmo Adorno](https://historylab.es/anselmo-adorno/) - Diary. Description of Sardinia, Sicily, Damascus, balsam garden, couscous, crossed in the desert.
- [Anselmo Adorno](https://historylab.es/anselmo-adorno/) - Diario. Descripción de Cerdeña, Sicilia, Damasco, jardín de bálsamo, cuscús, cruzado en el desierto
- [Viajes de Ibn Battuta](https://historylab.es/travels-of-ibn-battuta/) - Diario y cartografía
- [Travels of Ibn Battuta](https://historylab.es/travels-of-ibn-battuta/) - Diary and cartography.
- [Travel of Oderico from Pordenone](https://historylab.es/travel-of-oderico-from-pordenone/) - Diary and cartography.
- [Viaje de Oderico desde Pordenone](https://historylab.es/travel-of-oderico-from-pordenone/) - Diario y cartografía
- [Marco Polo](https://historylab.es/marco-polo/) - Traveler, ambassador, merchant and writer, citizen of the Republic of Venice. Description of the salt mountain and the party at the Big Dog (Khan).
- [Marco Polo](https://historylab.es/marco-polo/) - Viajero, embajador, comerciante y escritor, ciudadano de la República de Venecia. Descripción de la montaña de sal y la fiesta en el Big Dog (Khan)
- [Zheng He](https://historylab.es/zheng-he/) - In the footsteps of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo.
- [Zheng He](https://historylab.es/zheng-he/) - Tras los pasos de Alejandro Magno y Marco Polo
- [The dawn of globalization](https://historylab.es/the-dawn-of-globalization/) - The dawn of globalization. video-lesson by Ugo Fabietti, one of the greatest Italian anthropologists
- [El amanecer de la globalización](https://historylab.es/the-dawn-of-globalization/) - Los albores de la globalización. video-lección de Ugo Fabietti, uno de los más grandes antropólogos italianos
- [Arriving in a "new world"](https://historylab.es/arriving-in-a-new-world/) - Film clip detailing life in the "new world" begins at Ellis Island of the family's Mancuso. As soon as the disembark, the family realizes how it is quite different from what they had foreshadowed. The film is in Italian and Sicilian.
- [Llegando a un "nuevo mundo"](https://historylab.es/arriving-in-a-new-world/) - Film clip detailing life in the "new world" begins at Ellis Island of the family's Mancuso. As soon as the disembark, the family realizes how it is quite different from what they had foreshadowed. The film is in Italian and Sicilian.
- [Trafficking in slaves](https://historylab.es/trafficking-in-slaves/) - The Atlantic slave trade
- [Tráfico de esclavos](https://historylab.es/trafficking-in-slaves/) - El comercio de esclavos en el Atlántico
- [How the autobiography of a Muslim slave is challenging an American narrative](https://historylab.es/how-the-autobiography-of-a-muslim-slave-is-challenging-an-american-narrative/) - The history of Omar Ibn Said, from West Africa to America (Charleston)
- [Cómo la autobiografía de un esclavo musulmán desafía la narrativa estadounidense](https://historylab.es/how-the-autobiography-of-a-muslim-slave-is-challenging-an-american-narrative/) - La historia de Omar Ibn Said, de África Occidental a América (Charleston)
- [History of Arab Slave Trade](https://historylab.es/history-of-arab-slave-trade/) - Mesure to stop slavery and the slave trade
- [Historia del comercio árabe de esclavos](https://historylab.es/history-of-arab-slave-trade/) - Medida para detener la esclavitud y la trata de esclavos
- [The travels of Ólafur Egilsson](https://historylab.es/the-travels-of-olafur-egilsson/) - Enslaved Icelander describes Horror of Ottoman Slave Market (1627) // Diary of Ólafur Egilsson
- [Los viajes de Ólafur Egilsson](https://historylab.es/the-travels-of-olafur-egilsson/) - Un islandés esclavizado describe el horror del mercado de esclavos otomano (1627). Diario de Ólafur Egilsson
- [The land of slaves](https://historylab.es/the-land-of-slaves/) - The film draws a parallel - between similarities and differences - between the two eras, asking the following questions: why, after all, has nothing changed? Today, migrants ignore the dangers of travel, the warning of those who have already attempted the crossing, the political and administrative reality in the country of arrival. By continuing to spend a fortune to risk your life in the waters of the Atlantic or the Mediterranean.
- [La tierra de los esclavos](https://historylab.es/the-land-of-slaves/) - La película traza un paralelo -entre similitudes y diferencias- entre las dos épocas, planteándose las siguientes preguntas: ¿por qué, después de todo, nada ha cambiado? Hoy, los migrantes ignoran los peligros del viaje, la advertencia de quienes ya intentaron cruzar, la realidad política y administrativa del país de llegada, al seguir gastando una fortuna para jugarse la vida en aguas del Atlántico o del Mediterráneo
- [Middle passage and native enslavement in colonial America](https://historylab.es/middle-passage-and-native-enslavement-in-colonial-america/) - The enslavement of the natives in colonial America. From Joshua J. Mark, translate by Alfonso Vincenzo Mauro
- [Pasaje medio y esclavización indígena en la América colonial](https://historylab.es/middle-passage-and-native-enslavement-in-colonial-america/) - La esclavitud de los indígenas en la América colonial. De Joshua J. Mark, traducido por Alfonso Vincenzo Mauro
- [The slave routes](https://historylab.es/the-slave-routes/) - From slavery to its abolition: story of a revolution
- [Las rutas de los esclavos](https://historylab.es/the-slave-routes/) - De la esclavitud a su abolición: historia de una revolución
- [The slave routes: from sub-Saharan Africa to Mediterranean Africa](https://historylab.es/the-slave-routes-from-sub-saharan-africa-to-mediterranean-africa/) - The Atlantic passage.
- [Las rutas de los esclavos: del África subsahariana al África mediterránea](https://historylab.es/the-slave-routes-from-sub-saharan-africa-to-mediterranean-africa/) - The Atlantic passage.
- [Slave trafficking in the East](https://historylab.es/slave-trafficking-in-the-east/) - Slave trips to the East.
- [Tráfico de esclavos en Oriente](https://historylab.es/slave-trafficking-in-the-east/) - Viajes de esclavos a Oriente
- [Liber Paradisus](https://historylab.es/liber-paradisus/) - Bologna was the first city in the world to abolish slavery and free the serfs through the enactment of the "Liber Paradisus".
- [Liber Paradisus](https://historylab.es/liber-paradisus/) - Bolonia fue la primera ciudad del mundo en abolir la esclavitud y liberar a los siervos mediante la promulgación del "Liber Paradisus"
- [The serfs](https://historylab.es/the-serfs/) - In the Middle Ages, new forms of exploitation slowly replaced slavery, such as serfdom, whose term (lat.servus, slave) designates the condition of dependence of a farmer who binds him to the land on which he resides and to a master. This condition concerns men or women who do not enjoy personal liberties, they belonged to a gentleman and were bound to the gleba, or to the land they cultivated (peasants). Its origin goes back to the last centuries of the Roman Empire, when a class of farmers was created, still legally free.
- [Los siervos](https://historylab.es/the-serfs/) - En la Edad Media, nuevas formas de explotación reemplazaron lentamente a la esclavitud, como la servidumbre, cuyo término (lat. servus, esclavo) designa la condición de dependencia de un agricultor que lo vincula a la tierra en la que reside y a un amo. Esta condición atañe a los hombres o mujeres que no gozan de libertades personales, pertenecían a un señor y estaban ligados a la tierra que cultivaban (campesinos). Su origen se remonta a los últimos siglos del Imperio Romano, cuando se creó una clase de agricultores, aún legalmente libres
- [From antiquity to the Middle Ages](https://historylab.es/from-antiquity-to-the-middle-ages/) - From Antiquity to the Middle Ages: History of Slavery.
- [De la antigüedad a la Edad Media](https://historylab.es/from-antiquity-to-the-middle-ages/) - De la Antigüedad a la Edad Media: Historia de la Esclavitud
- [Ancient Rome and slavery](https://historylab.es/ancient-rome-and-slavery/) - Slavery was not identical in every civilization, but it was different: in some cases the slave had no rights, in others he was partially protected by the law. Definition of terms.
- [La antigua Roma y la esclavitud](https://historylab.es/ancient-rome-and-slavery/) - La esclavitud no era idéntica en todas las civilizaciones, pero sí diferente: en algunos casos el esclavo no tenía derechos, en otros estaba parcialmente protegido por la ley. Definición de términos
- [Slavery in the Mesopotamian and ancient world](https://historylab.es/slavery-in-the-mesopotamian-and-ancient-world/) - Slavery was not identical in every civilization, but it was different: in some cases the slave had no rights, in others he was partially protected by the law. Definition of terms.
- [La esclavitud en el mundo mesopotámico y antiguo](https://historylab.es/slavery-in-the-mesopotamian-and-ancient-world/) - La esclavitud no era idéntica en todas las civilizaciones, pero sí diferente: en algunos casos el esclavo no tenía derechos, en otros estaba parcialmente protegido por la ley. Definición de términos
- [Ginevra Convention of 1926](https://historylab.es/ginevra-convention-of-1926/) - Convention on Slavery (1926) Entered into force on March 9, 1927 in accordance with article 12.
- [Convención de Ginebra de 1926](https://historylab.es/ginevra-convention-of-1926/) - Convención sobre la Esclavitud (1926). Entró en vigor el 9 de marzo de 1927 de conformidad con el artículo 12
- [Digital collections of Greek history](https://historylab.es/digital-collections-of-greek-history/) - The collections have been developed by the Institute of Neohellenic Research, the Institute of Byzantine Research and the Institute of Greek and Roman Antiquity.
- [Colecciones digitales de historia griega](https://historylab.es/digital-collections-of-greek-history/) - Las colecciones han sido desarrolladas por el Instituto de Investigación Neohelénica, el Instituto de Investigación Bizantina y el Instituto de Antigüedad Griega y Romana
- [Journey into the DNA](https://historylab.es/journey-into-the-dna/) - We are all citizens of the world
- [Viaje al ADN](https://historylab.es/journey-into-the-dna/) - Todos somos ciudadanos del mundo
- [The Padrón Real of Diego Ribero](https://historylab.es/the-padron-real-of-diego-ribero/) - The Padrón Real of Diego Ribero: the cartography of the known world after the expedition of Magellan and Elcano
- [El Padrón Real de Diego Ribero](https://historylab.es/the-padron-real-of-diego-ribero/) - El Padrón Real de Diego Ribero: la cartografía del mundo conocido tras la expedición de Magallanes y Elcano
- [Generation Africa](https://historylab.es/generation-africa/) - In the 16th century, the slave trade decimated the African population, causing devastation and hardship, the signs of which still remain today. In the 21st, migrations from the Global South are a "voluntary" phenomenon-though a forced choice, for so many-but they bring to mind this sad and dark past. In both cases, there are people who profit from the exodus of these human beings.
- [Generación África](https://historylab.es/generation-africa/) - En el siglo XVI, la trata de esclavos diezmó a la población africana, causando devastación y penurias, cuyos signos aún perduran en la actualidad. En el siglo XXI, las migraciones del Sur Global son un fenómeno "voluntario" -aunque una elección forzada, para muchos- pero recuerdan este triste y oscuro pasado. En ambos casos, hay personas que se lucran con el éxodo de estos seres humanos.
- [Memoir attributed to Ferdinand Magellan](https://historylab.es/memoir-attributed-to-ferdinand-magellan/) - Memoir attributed to Ferdinand Magellan in which he justifies the Moluccas' belonging to Spain
- [Memorias atribuidas a Fernando de Magallanes](https://historylab.es/memoir-attributed-to-ferdinand-magellan/) - Memoria atribuida a Fernando de Magallanes en la que justifica la pertenencia de las Molucas a España
- [Cantino planisphere](https://historylab.es/cantino-planisphere/) - Planisphere commissioned in 1502 by Alberto Cantino, an 'orator' sent by Ercole I d'Este to Portugal
- [Planisferio Cantino](https://historylab.es/cantino-planisphere/) - Planisferio encargado en 1502 por Alberto Cantino, un 'orador' enviado por Ercole I d'Este a Portugal
- [The first official document reporting Columbus' return from his voyage to the Indies](https://historylab.es/the-first-official-document-reporting-columbus-return-from-his-voyage-to-the-indies/) - Letter from John II of Portugal to Ferdinand the Catholic (1493) informing him of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the port of Lisbon
- [El primer documento oficial que informa del regreso de Colón de su viaje a las Indias](https://historylab.es/the-first-official-document-reporting-columbus-return-from-his-voyage-to-the-indies/) - Carta de Juan II de Portugal a Fernando el Católico (1493) informándole de la llegada de Cristóbal Colón al puerto de Lisboa
- [The Cosmography of Ptolemy](https://historylab.es/the-cosmography-of-ptolemy/) - The Cosmography of Ptolemy and the map of the ecumene created using Ptolemy's second projection
- [La Cosmografía de Ptolomeo](https://historylab.es/the-cosmography-of-ptolemy/) - La Cosmografía de Ptolomeo y el mapa de la ecumene creado usando la segunda proyección de Ptolomeo
- [Privileges of Bologna students](https://historylab.es/privileges-of-bologna-students/) - The students' privileges of Bologna carved on a plaque, affixed in a public place, in the early 15th century
- [Privilegios de los estudiantes de Bolonia](https://historylab.es/privileges-of-bologna-students/) - Los privilegios de los estudiantes de Bolonia tallados en una placa, colocada en un lugar público, a principios del siglo XV
- [Universities in Medieval Europe](https://historylab.es/universities-in-medieval-europe/) - The Locations of the Studia in Medieval Europe
- [Universidades en la Europa medieval](https://historylab.es/universities-in-medieval-europe/) - Las ubicaciones de los estudios en la Europa medieval
- [Cathedral schools and monastic schools](https://historylab.es/cathedral-schools-and-monastic-schools/) - Cathedral and monastic schools in the middle of 11th century
- [Escuelas catedralicias y escuelas monásticas](https://historylab.es/cathedral-schools-and-monastic-schools/) - Escuelas catedralicias y monásticas a mediados del siglo XI
- [Atlantic slave trade](https://historylab.es/atlantic-slave-trade/) - The Atlantic Slave trade and its historical, economic and human impact
- [Comercio de esclavos en el Atlántico](https://historylab.es/atlantic-slave-trade/) - La trata atlántica de esclavos y su impacto histórico, económico y humano
- [Maritime Archaeology](https://historylab.es/maritime-archaeology/) - The Oxford Handbook of Maritime Archaeology
- [Arqueología Marítima](https://historylab.es/maritime-archaeology/) - El manual de Oxford de arqueología marítima
- [Missing Migrants Project](https://historylab.es/missing-migrants-project/) - Missing Migrants Project tracks incidents involving migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers
- [Proyecto Migrantes Desaparecidos](https://historylab.es/missing-migrants-project/) - El Proyecto Migrantes Desaparecidos rastrea incidentes que involucran a migrantes, refugiados y solicitantes de asilo
- [Los piratas de Malasia](https://historylab.es/the-pirates-of-malaysia/) - Película basada en el libro "Los piratas de Malasia" de Emilio Salgari
- [The Pirates of Malaysia](https://historylab.es/the-pirates-of-malaysia/) - Movie based on Emilio Salgari’s book "The Pirates of Malaysia"
- [Operation ATALANTA](https://historylab.es/operation-atalanta/) - Operation ATALANTA to counter piracy in the western Indian Ocean
- [Operación ATALANTA](https://historylab.es/operation-atalanta/) - Operación ATALANTA para contrarrestar la piratería en el Océano Índico occidental
- [A catalogue of Ancient Ports](https://historylab.es/a-catalogue-of-ancient-ports/) - Ancient Coastal Settlements, Ports and Harbours
- [Un catálogo de puertos antiguos](https://historylab.es/a-catalogue-of-ancient-ports/) - Antiguos asentamientos costeros, puertos y bahías
- [Passenger search](https://historylab.es/passenger-search/) - Ellis Island Heritage
- [Búsqueda de pasajeros](https://historylab.es/passenger-search/) - Patrimonio de la isla de Ellis
- [Rom](https://historylab.es/rom/) - Nomads and Gypsies. The Shiites
- [Rom](https://historylab.es/rom/) - Nómadas y gitanos. los chiitas
- [Nomadism](https://historylab.es/nomadism/) - Homo sapiens to conquer the world
- [Nomadismo](https://historylab.es/nomadism/) - Homo sapiens a la conquista del mundo
- [Sedentary](https://historylab.es/sedentary/) - The Neolithic Revolution. The birth of agriculture
- [Sedentario](https://historylab.es/sedentary/) - La Revolución Neolítica. El nacimiento de la agricultura
- [Climate changes](https://historylab.es/climate-changes/) - Climate change and the greenhouse effect
- [Cambios climáticos](https://historylab.es/climate-changes/) - El cambio climático y el efecto invernadero
- [Attenborough and the first voyage of Cook](https://historylab.es/attenborough-and-the-first-voyage-of-cook/) - Sir David Attenborough talks about Cook's nautical charts and Joseph Banks' collection of plants and animals
- [Attenborough y el primer viaje de Cook](https://historylab.es/attenborough-and-the-first-voyage-of-cook/) - Sir David Attenborough habla sobre las cartas náuticas de Cook y la colección de plantas y animales de Joseph Banks
- [Kunstmann IV Planisphere](https://historylab.es/kunstmann-iv-planisphere/) - German artist Otto Progel's 1836 painted copy of the original planisphere Kunstmann IV lost in a bombing raid during World War II in 1945
- [Planisferio Kunstmann IV](https://historylab.es/kunstmann-iv-planisphere/) - Copia pintada de 1836 del artista alemán Otto Progel del plaisphere Kunstmann IV original perdido en un bombardeo durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial en 1945
- [Cathedral, city and education in the 13th century](https://historylab.es/cathedral-city-and-education-in-the-13th-century/) - Historian Georges Duby's lecture on Chartres Cathedral and its influence on material, political, economic and cultural conditions in the 13th century
- [Catedral, ciudad y educación en el siglo XIII](https://historylab.es/cathedral-city-and-education-in-the-13th-century/) - Conferencia del historiador Georges Duby sobre la catedral de Chartres y su influencia en las condiciones materiales, políticas, económicas y culturales en el siglo XIII
- [Coronelli's globes](https://historylab.es/coronellis-globes/) - The two globes were made in 1683 by the Venetian cosmographer Vincenzo Coronelli and were offered to Louis XIV by Cardinal d'Estré
- [Globos de Coronelli](https://historylab.es/coronellis-globes/) - Los dos globos fueron realizados en 1683 por el cosmógrafo veneciano Vincenzo Coronelli y fueron ofrecidos a Luis XIV por el cardenal d'Estré
- [Medieval manuscript](https://historylab.es/medieval-manuscript/) - How to make a medieval manuscript
- [Manuscrito medieval](https://historylab.es/medieval-manuscript/) - Cómo hacer un manuscrito medieval
- [Captain Cook's Second Pacific Expedition](https://historylab.es/captain-cooks-second-pacific-expedition/) - The second expedition of Captain Cook (1772-1775), who sailed the Atlantic, Indian Ocean and Antarctic Sea, narrated by Georg Forster
- [Segunda expedición al Pacífico del Capitán Cook](https://historylab.es/captain-cooks-second-pacific-expedition/) - La segunda expedición del Capitán Cook (1772-1775), que navegó por el Atlántico, el Océano Índico y el Mar Antártico, narrada por Georg Forster
- [Natural history and scientific literature of travel](https://historylab.es/natural-history-and-scientific-literature-of-travel/) - Robert Boyle and his essay General Heads for a Natural History of a Country, Great or Small codifying the scientific literature of travel
- [Historia natural y literatura científica de los viajes](https://historylab.es/natural-history-and-scientific-literature-of-travel/) - Robert Boyle y su ensayo "Encabezados generales para una historia natural de un país, grande o pequeño", que codifican la literatura científica de viajes
- [Experimental Method](https://historylab.es/experimental-method/) - The Accademia del Cimento and the experimental method
- [Método experimental](https://historylab.es/experimental-method/) - La Accademia del Cimento y el método experimental
- [The First Trip Around the World](https://historylab.es/the-first-trip-around-the-world/) - The first circumnavigation of the Earth: the expedition of Magallanes and Elcano
- [El primer viaje alrededor del mundo](https://historylab.es/the-first-trip-around-the-world/) - La primera circunnavegación de la Tierra: la expedición de Magallanes y Elcano
- [Treaty of Tordesillas](https://historylab.es/treaty-of-tordesillas/) - Treaty of Tordesillas between the Catholic Monarchs and the King of Portugal
- [Tratado de Tordesillas](https://historylab.es/treaty-of-tordesillas/) - Tratado de Tordesillas entre los Reyes Católicos y el Rey de Portugal
- [Gastos de exámenes universitarios](https://historylab.es/university-examination-expenses/) - Gasto universitario en Padua en el siglo XV
- [University Examination Expenses](https://historylab.es/university-examination-expenses/) - University expenditure in Padua in the 15th century
- [Imperial privileges of medieval students](https://historylab.es/imperial-privileges-of-medieval-students/) - Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, in 1158, pronounced himself in favour of the university community
- [Privilegios imperiales de los estudiantes medievales](https://historylab.es/imperial-privileges-of-medieval-students/) - El emperador Federico Barbarroja, en 1158, se pronunció a favor de la comunidad universitaria
- [The Erasmus programme](https://historylab.es/the-erasmus-programme/) - Council Decision of 15 June 1987 adopting the European Community Action Scheme for the Mobility of University Students (Erasmus)
- [El programa Erasmus](https://historylab.es/the-erasmus-programme/) - Decisión del Consejo de 15 de junio de 1987 por la que se aprueba el Plan de Acción de la Comunidad Europea para la Movilidad de los Estudiantes Universitarios (Erasmus)
- [The Atlas of the voyage of La Pérouse](https://historylab.es/the-atlas-of-the-voyage-of-la-perouse/) - "Mappemonde or reduced map of the known parts of the globe to serve for the Voyage", tratto da l'Atlas de Le voyage de La Pérouse autour du monde (1792)
- [El Atlas del viaje de La Pérouse](https://historylab.es/the-atlas-of-the-voyage-of-la-perouse/) - "Mappemonde o mapa reducido de las partes conocidas del globo útiles para el viaje", tramo del Atlas de la vuelta al mundo de La Pérouse (1792)
- [The third voyage of James Cook](https://historylab.es/the-third-voyage-of-james-cook/) - The third voyage of James Cook and The search for the Northwest Passage
- [El tercer viaje de James Cook](https://historylab.es/the-third-voyage-of-james-cook/) - El tercer viaje de James Cook y la búsqueda del Paso del Noroeste
- [The second voyage of James Cook](https://historylab.es/the-second-voyage-of-james-cook/) - The new Larcum Kendall K1 marine chronometer to be tested on Cook's second voyage
- [El segundo viaje de James Cook](https://historylab.es/the-second-voyage-of-james-cook/) - El nuevo cronómetro marino Larcum Kendall K1 se probará en el segundo viaje de Cook
- [The modern atlases in the 17th century](https://historylab.es/the-modern-atlases-in-the-17th-century/) - The Atlas Maior by Willem Janszoon and Joan Blaeu, updated to the geographical discoveries of the 17th century
- [Los atlas modernos en el siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/the-modern-atlases-in-the-17th-century/) - El Atlas Maior de Willem Janszoon y Joan Blaeu, actualizado a los descubrimientos geográficos del siglo XVII
- [The Terrestrial globes in the 17th century](https://historylab.es/the-terrestrial-globes-in-the-17th-century/) - Terrestrial globes by Willem Janszoon, updated to the geographical discoveries of the 17th century
- [Los globos terrestres en el siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/the-terrestrial-globes-in-the-17th-century/) - Globos terrestres de Willem Janszoon, actualizados a los descubrimientos geográficos del siglo XVII
- [The first modern atlas (16th century)](https://historylab.es/the-first-modern-atlas-16th-century/) - The first modern atlas: Theatrum orbis terrarum (Theatre of the World) by Abraham Ortelius
- [El primer atlas moderno (siglo XVI)](https://historylab.es/the-first-modern-atlas-16th-century/) - El primer atlas moderno: Theatrum orbis terrarum (Teatro del Mundo) de Abraham Ortelius
- [Museum Judengasse](https://historylab.es/museum-judengasse/) - Virtual exhibition of the Jewish Museum of Frankfurt
- [Museo Judengasse](https://historylab.es/museum-judengasse/) - Exposición virtual del Museo Judío de Frankfurt
- [The Art of Three Faiths: Torah, Bible, Koran](https://historylab.es/the-art-of-three-faiths-torah-bible-koran/) - Online exhibition that shows the art of the sacred books of Christianism, Judaism and Islam
- [El arte de las tres religiones: Torá, Biblia, Corán](https://historylab.es/the-art-of-three-faiths-torah-bible-koran/) - Exposición online que muestra el arte de los libros sagrados del cristianismo, judaísmo e islam
- [Hidden Islam, improvised Islamic places of worship in north-eastern Italy](https://historylab.es/hidden-islam-improvised-islamic-places-of-worship-in-north-eastern-italy/) - Photograph of a moment of prayer in a makeshift mosque
- [Islam oculto, lugares de culto islámicos improvisados ​​en el noreste de Italia](https://historylab.es/hidden-islam-improvised-islamic-places-of-worship-in-north-eastern-italy/) - Fotografía de un momento de oración en una mezquita improvisada
- [Maps from the work "Nova Totius Galliae descriptio" by Oronce Finé, 1553](https://historylab.es/maps-from-the-work-nova-totius-galliae-descriptio-by-oronce-fine-1553/) - Map of France in the mid-16th century by the cartographer Oronce Finé (1494-1555) and digitised by Gallica (National Library of France)
- [Maps from the work "Totius Galliae descriptio, cum parte Angliae, Germaniae, Flandriae, Brabantiae, Italiae, Roman usque, de Oronce Finé, posthumous work 1561](https://historylab.es/maps-from-the-work-totius-galliae-descriptio-cum-parte-angliae-germaniae-flandriae-brabantiae-italiae-roman-usque-de-oronce-fine-posthumous-work-1561/) - Maps from the work "Totius Galliae descriptio, cum parte Angliae, Germaniae, Flandriae, Brabantiae, Italiae, Roman usque, by Oronce Finé, posthumous work 1561 and digitised by Gallica (Bibliothèque Nationale de France)
- [Map from the work "Theatre geographique du royaume de France", by Gabriel Michel de La Rochemaillet, 1632](https://historylab.es/map-from-the-work-theatre-geographique-du-royaume-de-france-by-gabriel-michel-de-la-rochemaillet-1632/) - Map from the work "Theatre geographique du royaume de France, by Gabriel Michel de La Rochemaillet, 1632 and digitised by Gallica (National Library of France)
- [Map from the work 'Gallia. Nova totius Galliae geographica descriptio' by Jodocus Hondius in 1622](https://historylab.es/map-from-the-work-gallia-nova-totius-galliae-geographica-descriptio-by-jodocus-hondius-in-1622/) - Map from the work 'Gallia. Nova totius Galliae geographica descriptio', produced by Jodocus Hondius in 1622 and digitised by Gallica (Bibliothèque Nationale de France)
- [Atlas Tyrolensis, compiled by Ignaz Weinhart, Peter Anich, Blasius Hueber and Johann Ernst Mansfield at the request of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria, published in 1774](https://historylab.es/atlas-tyrolensis-compiled-by-ignaz-weinhart-peter-anich-blasius-hueber-and-johann-ernst-mansfield-at-the-request-of-empress-maria-theresa-of-austria-published-in-1774/) - Atlas Tyrolensis, produced by Ignaz Weinhart, Peter Anich, Blasius Hueber and Johann Ernst Mansfield in 1774 at the request of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria. It is the first historical map of the Tyrol and is of great scientific value because of the work that went into its production and the geodetic technique used in its final composition
- [Kyoto University's Digital Archive of Rare Materials, including maps of Japan in the Modern Age](https://historylab.es/kyoto-universitys-digital-archive-of-rare-materials-including-maps-of-japan-in-the-modern-age/) - Kyoto University's Digital Archive of Rare Materials, including maps of Japan in the Modern Age
- [Historic Cities, a project on urban cartography and early modern maps by the Department of Geography of the University of Jerusalem and the Jewish National Library](https://historylab.es/historic-cities-a-project-on-urban-cartography-and-early-modern-maps-by-the-department-of-geography-of-the-university-of-jerusalem-and-the-jewish-national-library/) - Historic Cities, a project on urban cartography and early modern maps by the Department of Geography of the University of Jerusalem and the Jewish National Library
- [Leiden University Collection "Maps and Atlases"](https://historylab.es/leiden-university-collection-maps-and-atlases/) - Leiden University Maps and Atlases Collection, a repository of over 100,000 maps collected and held by the Leiden University Library since its creation in 1587
- [Atlas of routes and roads in France, called Atlas de Trudaine, made between 1745 and 1780](https://historylab.es/atlas-of-routes-and-roads-in-france-called-atlas-de-trudaine-made-between-1745-and-1780/) - Atlas of routes and roads in France, called Atlas de Trudaine, produced between 1745 and 1780 and digitised by the National Archives of France
- [List of digital mapping resources of Spanish institutions compiled by NosoloSIG (sharing information on geotechnologies)](https://historylab.es/list-of-digital-mapping-resources-of-spanish-institutions-compiled-by-nosolosig-sharing-information-on-geotechnologies/) - List of digital cartographic resources of Spanish institutions compiled by NosoloSIG (sharing information on geotechnologies). The list is accompanied by links to these institutions and their respective cartographic collections
- ["Historical Cartography of Andalusia" Collection of the Institute of Statistics and Cartography of Andalusia](https://historylab.es/historical-cartography-of-andalusia-collection-of-the-institute-of-statistics-and-cartography-of-andalusia/) - The collection is divided into two sections, documents and publications, where you can access maps from 1600 to 1970 through a repository to the historical cartography of the territory of the current autonomous community of Andalusia
- [List of Portuguese cartographic libraries and institutions](https://historylab.es/list-of-portuguese-cartographic-libraries-and-institutions/) - List of Portuguese map libraries and cartographic institutions, including those that keep and digitalise old cartographic documents, especially from the Modern Age
- [List of Spanish map libraries and cartographic institutions](https://historylab.es/list-of-spanish-map-libraries-and-cartographic-institutions/) - List of Spanish map libraries and cartographic institutions, including those that hold and digitise old cartographic documents, especially from the Modern Age
- [Cartographic collection assembled by German diplomat Bernhard Paul Moll](https://historylab.es/cartographic-collection-assembled-by-german-diplomat-bernhard-paul-moll/) - Cartographic collection of maps assembled by the German diplomat Bernhard Paul Moll between 1740 and 1750, covering the present-day territory of Germany and Austria
- [The map of France by the Cassini family of cartographers (1756-1815)](https://historylab.es/the-map-of-france-by-the-cassini-family-of-cartographers-1756-1815/) - The map of France made by the Cassini family of cartographers (1756-1815), showing the entire Kingdom of France divided into 180 sheets that can be individually selected and consulted online
- [Collection "Maps and cartographic documents" of the Royal Academy of History. It consists of only three documents: the Tagus River (1641), a map of Mexico City (1753) and a sketch of the Pacaya volcano (1775)](https://historylab.es/collection-maps-and-cartographic-documents-of-the-royal-academy-of-history-it-consists-of-only-three-documents-the-tagus-river-1641-a-map-of-mexico-city-1753-and-a-sketch-of-the-pacaya-volc/) - Collection "Maps and cartographic documents" of the Royal Academy of History. It consists of only three documents: the Tagus River (1641), a map of Mexico City (1753) and a sketch of the Pacaya volcano (1775)
- [Map Collection of the Digital Map Library, a cartographic project of the National Library of Colombia](https://historylab.es/map-collection-of-the-digital-map-library-a-cartographic-project-of-the-national-library-of-colombia/) - Collection "Maps" of the Mapoteca Digital, a cartographic project of the National Library of Colombia, where they have digitised the cartographic heritage referring to Colombia, although not exclusively (rest of the American colonies, global maps) from 1561 to the present day, being able to search by centuries
- ["Ibercarto" project, a digital cartography repository, integrated by Spanish and Portuguese cartography professionals](https://historylab.es/ibercarto-project-a-digital-cartography-repository-integrated-by-spanish-and-portuguese-cartography-professionals/) - "Ibercarto" project, a digital cartography repository, integrated by Spanish and Portuguese cartography professionals
- [National Gallery of Denmark (SMK)](https://historylab.es/national-gallery-of-denmark-smk/) - Access to the digitised works of the National Gallery of Denmark (SMK), Copenhagen.
- [Toledo Museum of Art. Resources.](https://historylab.es/toledo-museum-of-art-resources/) - Online resources for schoolchildren and teachers offered by the Toledo Museum of Art, Ohio (USA)
- [Boijmans Van Beuningen Museum. Collection.](https://historylab.es/boijmans-van-beuningen-museum-collection/) - Works from the collection of the Boijmans Van Beuningen Museum (Rotterdam)
- [National Gallery, Prague. Collections.](https://historylab.es/national-gallery-prague-collections/) - Access to the online collection of the National Gallery in Prague
- [National Gallery, Prague. Features.](https://historylab.es/national-gallery-prague-features/) - Access to the online collections of the National Gallery in Prague in the form of short reportages
- [Estense Gallery. Works.](https://historylab.es/estense-gallery-works/) - On-line consultation of the works of the Galleria Estense in Modena (Italy)
- [Estense Digital Library.](https://historylab.es/estense-digital-library/) - Access to the Digital Library of the Galleria Estense (Modena)
- [San Lucas National Academy. Sculpture.](https://historylab.es/san-lucas-national-academy-sculpture/) - Online Sculpture Collection of the National Academy of San Luca (Rome)
- [San Lucas National Academy. Architecture.](https://historylab.es/san-lucas-national-academy-architecture/) - Collection of architectural drawings of the National Academy of San Luca (Rome)
- [Rijksmuseum. Library.](https://historylab.es/rijksmuseum-library/) - Access to the library search engine of the Rijksmuseum (Amsterdam)
- [Toledo Museum of Art. Collection.](https://historylab.es/toledo-museum-of-art-collection/) - Collections of the Toledo Museum of Art, Ohio (USA)
- [San Lucas National Academy. Painting.](https://historylab.es/san-lucas-national-academy-painting/) - Online painting collection of the National Academy of San Luca (Rome)
- [Famous map made by Nicolas de Fer around 1725 for the French monarchy](https://historylab.es/famous-map-made-by-nicolas-de-fer-around-1725-for-the-french-monarchy/) - Famous map made by Nicolas de Fer around 1725 for the French monarchy and digitised by Gallica (Bibliothèque Nationale de France)
- [Lexilogos "Maps and Documents" collection: list of pages with old cartographic resources about France](https://historylab.es/lexilogos-maps-and-documents-collection-list-of-pages-with-old-cartographic-resources-about-france/) - Lexilogos "Maps and Documents" collection: list of pages with old cartographic resources on France, from the 16th century to the present day
- [Colección "Working Maps: 17th-19th Century French Manuscript Maps" de "Making Maps: CIY Cartography](https://historylab.es/coleccion-working-maps-17th-19th-century-french-manuscript-maps-de-making-maps-ciy-cartography/) - Collection "Working Maps: 17th-19th Century French Manuscript Maps" from "Making Maps: CIY Cartography", where more than 4,000 maps extracted from 17th, 18th and 19th century French manuscripts are digitised
- [Didactic/divulgative resources on the History of women and gender relations in Spain](https://historylab.es/didactic-divulgative-resources-on-the-history-of-women-and-gender-relations-in-spain/) - Web of didactic/divulgative resources on the History of women and gender relations in Spain
- [Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum. Thyssen digital publications.](https://historylab.es/thyssen-bornemisza-museum-thyssen-digital-publications/) - Access to digital publications of the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum (Madrid)
- [Rijksmuseum. Collection.](https://historylab.es/rijksmuseum-collection/) - Access to the online collection of the Rijksmuseum (Amsterdam)
- [General map of posts and crossings in France by Nicholas Langlois (1640-1703) at the end of the 17th century](https://historylab.es/general-map-of-posts-and-crossings-in-france-by-nicholas-langlois-1640-1703-at-the-end-of-the-17th-century/) - General map of posts and crossings of France made by Nicholas Langlois (1640-1703) at the end of the 17th century and digitised by Gallica (Bibliothèque Nationale de France)
- [Famous map made by Christophe Tassin, ordinary geographer of the French monarchy, around 1638](https://historylab.es/famous-map-made-by-christophe-tassin-ordinary-geographer-of-the-french-monarchy-around-1638/) - Famous map made by Christophe Tassin, ordinary geographer of the French monarchy, around 1638 and digitised by Gallica (Bibliothèque Nationale de France)
- [Music in the Modern Age: Francisco Guerrero](https://historylab.es/music-in-the-modern-age-francisco-guerrero/) - Web repository with a brief introduction to music of the Modern Age
- [Perspective in Renaissance art](https://historylab.es/perspective-in-renaissance-art/) - Ten-episode series devoted to perspective, especially in the Renaissance
- [Ibero-American Heritage Digital Library "Manuscripts" Collection](https://historylab.es/ibero-american-heritage-digital-library-manuscripts-collection/) - Digital repository of manuscripts from the "Manuscripts" collection of the Digital Library of Ibero-American Heritage
- [Means of transport in the 16th and 17th centuries](https://historylab.es/means-of-transport-in-the-16th-and-17th-centuries/) - Access to the collaborative blog of IES Miguel Catalán to celebrate the IV Centenary of Miguel de Cervantes where the different means of transport in the 16th and 17th centuries are explained
- [Golden Age Digital Library](https://historylab.es/golden-age-digital-library/) - Digital Library that allows the consultation of texts, manuscripts and other documents belonging to the Golden Age
- [Dictionary of Authorities (1726-1739)](https://historylab.es/dictionary-of-authorities-1726-1739/) - Dictionary created in the 18th century to systematise linguistic usages and the meaning of words
- [Madrid, city of women](https://historylab.es/madrid-city-of-women/) - Interactive map that geolocates the presence of women in the past with accompanying videos
- [Dictionary of Novo-Hispanic abbreviations](https://historylab.es/dictionary-of-novo-hispanic-abbreviations/) - Digital dictionary of alphabets and abbreviations in Novo-Hispanic manuscripts from the Maya area
- [Weekly of agriculture and arts addressed to parish priests (1797-1808)](https://historylab.es/weekly-of-agriculture-and-arts-addressed-to-parish-priests-1797-1808/) - On-line access to the Agriculture and Arts Weekly for Pastors
- [Gallery of Art](https://historylab.es/gallery-of-art/) - The Gallery of Art website allows online consultation of a large number of works of art of different styles and historical periods
- [Concept map. The Ancient Regime](https://historylab.es/concept-map-the-ancient-regime/) - Online consultation of a concept map on the definition of the Ancient Regime and its main characteristics
- [National Gallery of Art, Washington. NGA Images.](https://historylab.es/national-gallery-of-art-washington-nga-images/) - Images from the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. (USA)
- [National Gallery of Art, Washington. Activities.](https://historylab.es/national-gallery-of-art-washington-activities/) - Resources for schoolchildren from the National Gallery of Art in Washington (NGA).
- [Kunsthalle Hamburg. Collection.](https://historylab.es/kunsthalle-hamburg-collection/) - Online collection of the Hamburg Art Gallery (Kunsthalle)
- [Yale Center for British Art (YCBA). Collections.](https://historylab.es/yale-center-for-british-art-ycba-collections/) - Yale Center for British Art Online Collection (Yale University)
- [Walters Art Museum. Manuscripts.](https://historylab.es/walters-art-museum-manuscripts/) - Digitised manuscripts from the Walters Art Museum (Baltimore)
- [Didactics 2.0 Museums in women's terms](https://historylab.es/didactics-2-0-museums-in-womens-terms/) - Educational and informative website to guide the analysis of art from a gender perspective
- [National Gallery of Scotland. Collections.](https://historylab.es/national-gallery-of-scotland-collections/) - Online access to the collections of the National Gallery of Scotland (Edinburgh)
- [National Gallery of Scotland. Artists A-Z.](https://historylab.es/national-gallery-of-scotland-artists-a-z/) - Artist biographies from the National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh.
- [Roy Lichtenstein Resource](https://historylab.es/roy-lichtenstein-resource/) - Resource with suggested activities on the artist Roy Lichtenstein
- [British Museum Blog](https://historylab.es/british-museum-blog/) - Blog del British Museum (Londres)
- [Rose Valland - National Museums Recovery](https://historylab.es/rose-valland-national-museums-recovery/) - Website Rose Valland - National Museums Recovery
- [National Library Poland](https://historylab.es/national-library-poland/) - Access to the National Digital Library of Poland
- [Albertina Online Collections](https://historylab.es/albertina-online-collections/) - Access to the online collection of the Albertina (Vienna)
- [British Museum. Online collection.](https://historylab.es/british-museum-online-collection/) - Access to the online collection of the British Museum (London)
- [Spanish Golden Age Theatre](https://historylab.es/spanish-golden-age-theatre/) - Online database on Spanish theatre of the Golden Age
- [The 18th century in Aragon](https://historylab.es/the-18th-century-in-aragon/) - Explanation of basic notions about the 18th century in Aragon through the online portal of the Gran Enciclopedia Aragonesa (GEA)
- [Imagines D'Art](https://historylab.es/imagines-dart/) - Website on French works, authors and museums
- [Imagines Archive](https://historylab.es/imagines-archive/) - Magazine of the Uffizi Gallery (Florence)
- [Masters of the Baroque](https://historylab.es/masters-of-the-baroque/) - Digital presentation of the masters of the Baroque at the Seville Museum of Fine Arts
- [Ferrol Shipbuilding Museum](https://historylab.es/ferrol-shipbuilding-museum/) - Virtual visit to the Ferrol Shipbuilding Museum, where you can learn about the peculiarities of shipbuilding in the 18th century
- [Royal Chapel of Granada](https://historylab.es/royal-chapel-of-granada/) - Website of the Royal Chapel of Granada containing details of its history since its construction five centuries ago
- [Bilbao Fine Arts Museum](https://historylab.es/bilbao-fine-arts-museum/) - Virtual visit to the Bilbao Fine Arts Museum through which we can enjoy masterpieces by renowned artists such as Artemisia Lomi Gentileschi, El Greco, Murillo, Zurbarán and Goya.
- [Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando](https://historylab.es/royal-academy-of-fine-arts-of-san-fernando/) - Online access to the collection of the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando (Madrid)
- [Catastro-Lecrín Group](https://historylab.es/catastro-lecrin-group/) - Access to the web site of the Grupo Catastro-Lecrín belonging to the Centro de Estudios Históricos del Valle de Lecrín y la Alpujarra (CEHVAL)
- [The houses of the Lecrín Valley (18th c.)](https://historylab.es/the-houses-of-the-lecrin-valley-18th-c/) - Online database with access to numerous references to houses and owners in the Lecrin Valley, according to the Ensenada Cadastre
- [Museum of Fine Arts of Seville](https://historylab.es/museum-of-fine-arts-of-seville/) - Virtual visit to the Museum of Fine Arts of Seville
- [Virtual Museum of New France](https://historylab.es/virtual-museum-of-new-france/) - Virtual visit to the collection of the Museum of New France (Canada)
- [Modern History in the Movies](https://historylab.es/modern-history-in-the-movies/) - Web repository of Fordham University (New York) with access to numerous references to film works dealing with the Modern Era
- [The transatlantic slave trade](https://historylab.es/the-transatlantic-slave-trade/) - Online database on the transatlantic slave trade
- [British Museum. Programmes for school children (14-16 years)](https://historylab.es/british-museum-programmes-for-school-children-14-16-years/) - The British Museum in London offers activities for schoolchildren from 14 to 16 years of age
- [British Museum. Programmes for schoolchildren (16+ years)](https://historylab.es/british-museum-programmes-for-schoolchildren-16-years/) - British Museum of London activities for schoolchildren over 16 years old
- [Velázquez: a brilliant painter in the service of Philip IV](https://historylab.es/velazquez-a-brilliant-painter-in-the-service-of-philip-iv/) - Short video clips about Velázquez and his work
- [Isabella I the Catholic](https://historylab.es/isabella-i-the-catholic/) - Electronic Biographical Dictionary (DB-e) entry on Elizabeth I
- [Charles V, the most powerful ruler in Christendom](https://historylab.es/charles-v-the-most-powerful-ruler-in-christendom/) - Educational video about Charles V and his reign
- [Isabella the Catholic: the problem of succession in Castile after her death](https://historylab.es/isabella-the-catholic-the-problem-of-succession-in-castile-after-her-death/) - Educational video on Elizabeth I
- [British Museum. Programmes for school children (7-11 years)](https://historylab.es/british-museum-programmes-for-school-children-7-11-years/) - The British Museum in London offers activities for schoolchildren from seven to eleven years of age
- [British Museum. Programmes for school children (11-14 years)](https://historylab.es/british-museum-programmes-for-school-children-11-14-years/) - The British Museum in London offers activities for schoolchildren from eleven to fourteen years of age
- [The Inquisition in 15 minutes](https://historylab.es/the-inquisition-in-15-minutes/) - Educational video about the Inquisition
- [The Spanish Tercios](https://historylab.es/the-spanish-tercios/) - Example of how the tercios would be formed militarily during the Spanish Monarchy
- [The Protestant Reformation and Luther](https://historylab.es/the-protestant-reformation-and-luther/) - Educational video on the Protestant Reformation by Martin Luther
- [The grape harvest or Autumn](https://historylab.es/the-grape-harvest-or-autumn/) - Different groups of peasants engaged in seasonal activities in Modern Europe
- [The Birth of the Virgin](https://historylab.es/the-birth-of-the-virgin/) - History of mentalities
- [The emerald mulattoes](https://historylab.es/the-emerald-mulattoes/) - Portrait of three characters from the Indies as caciques of the Ecuadorian region of Esmeraldas, combining European and traditional dress
- [Viceroy Morcillo's entry into Potosí](https://historylab.es/viceroy-morcillos-entry-into-potosi/) - Entrance of Viceroy Morcillo in Potosí through different scenes in the same pictorial frame
- [Yapanga de Quito](https://historylab.es/yapanga-de-quito/) - Representation of the different social groups by Vicente Albán
- [School network in the province of Albacete in the middle of the 18th century](https://historylab.es/school-network-in-the-province-of-albacete-in-the-middle-of-the-18th-century/) - Map showing the number of teachers assigned to different places in the province of Albacete in the mid-18th century
- [Cosme de Churruca's expedition](https://historylab.es/cosme-de-churrucas-expedition/) - Cosme de Churruca's expedition to compile an Atlas of South America
- [Decree urging the authorities of the kingdom to collaborate in the evangelisation of the Moors](https://historylab.es/decree-urging-the-authorities-of-the-kingdom-to-collaborate-in-the-evangelisation-of-the-moors/) - Certificate issued by King Philip II in which the authorities of the kingdom are urged to collaborate with the bishops and inquisitors for the evangelisation of the Moors
- [Privilege letter from Charles I granting the title of villa to the place of Torres de la Alameda (1555)](https://historylab.es/privilege-letter-from-charles-i-granting-the-title-of-villa-to-the-place-of-torres-de-la-alameda-1555/) - Documentary type by which the King recognises the work of Torres de la Alameda and grants it the title of villa
- [Book of Grammar Exercises for Young People (1786)](https://historylab.es/book-of-grammar-exercises-for-young-people-1786/) - Book of the Archbishop of Toledo Francisco Antonio de Lorenzana, dedicated to the Company of Young Men of the Infantry Regiment of Cantabria (1786)
- [Rolled privilege of the capitulations for the surrender of the city of Granada to the Catholic Monarchs (1491)](https://historylab.es/rolled-privilege-of-the-capitulations-for-the-surrender-of-the-city-of-granada-to-the-catholic-monarchs-1491/) - Document dealing with the conditions of the surrender of Granada to the Catholic Monarchs
- [Cadastre of Ensenada](https://historylab.es/cadastre-of-ensenada/) - Web portal of the Cadastre of Ensenada in PARES
- [Border](https://historylab.es/border/) - Series depicting the struggle over the fur trade between Indians, settlers and Europeans in North America in the early 18th century.
- [Repository of the illustrations of "Don Quixote" (1605-2019)](https://historylab.es/repository-of-the-illustrations-of-don-quixote-1605-2019/) - Digital repository that compiles and stores all the illustrations of Don Quixote according to year of publication, place and author
- [Luther's Birth Place](https://historylab.es/luthers-birth-place/) - Virtual visit of Martin Luther's birthplace
- [The Birth of Protestantism](https://historylab.es/the-birth-of-protestantism/) - The birth of Protestantism through videos, text and images
- [The Western Wall in Jerusalem](https://historylab.es/the-western-wall-in-jerusalem/) - Photograph of the Western Wall in Jerusalem
- [Maps of the Holy Land and Jerusalem](https://historylab.es/maps-of-the-holy-land-and-jerusalem/) - Maps of the Holy Land and Jerusalem
- [Religious Beliefs](https://historylab.es/religious-beliefs/) - A journey through the images of different religious cults
- [Irreplaceable: A History of England in 100 Places - Faith & Belief](https://historylab.es/irreplaceable-a-history-of-england-in-100-places-faith-belief/) - 100 religious places tell the history of England
- [Histories of Holocaust](https://historylab.es/histories-of-holocaust/) - Collection of exhibits wich tells stories related to the mass extermination of Jews
- [Sacred Adornment: Jewelry as Belief in Ancient Egypt](https://historylab.es/sacred-adornment-jewelry-as-belief-in-ancient-egypt/) - The Egyptian jewelry collection enables to explore ancient Egyptian religious beliefs
- [Life and Belief during the Bronze Age](https://historylab.es/life-and-belief-during-the-bronze-age/) - Exhibition exploring life and beliefs during the Bronze Age
- [Interactive exploration of the Waldseemüller planisphere](https://historylab.es/interactive-exploration-of-the-waldseemuller-planisphere/) - Interactive exploration of the planisphere drawn up in 1507 by Martin Waldseemüller using measurements and information gleaned from navigators and cartographers then in the service of Spain and Portugal
- [Fisherman Fresco from Akrotiri (Santorini), 17th century BC](https://historylab.es/fisherman-fresco-from-akrotiri-santorini-17th-century-bc/) - Ancient fishing
- [Ancient Coastal Settlements, Ports and Harbours](https://historylab.es/ancient-coastal-settlements-ports-and-harbours/) - Ancient ports
- [Discrimination in European Union](https://historylab.es/discrimination-in-european-union/) - People’s perceptions, attitudes and opinions of discrimination based on ethnic origin, skin colour, sexual orientation, gender, age, disability, religion or beliefs
- [Special Eurobarometer 508: Values and identities of EU citizens](https://historylab.es/special-eurobarometer-508-values-and-identities-of-eu-citizens/) - People’s attitudes and opinions of values and identities (religion, culture, sexual orientation, etc.)
- [Old city of Jerusalem](https://historylab.es/old-city-of-jerusalem/) - Map showing the old city of Jerusalem
- [The Bolognese School of Glossators](https://historylab.es/the-bolognese-school-of-glossators/) - The funerary monuments of the glossators depict them in the act of teaching their students
- [Virtual maps of the first voyage around the world](https://historylab.es/virtual-maps-of-the-first-voyage-around-the-world/) - Transposition of the navigation route of Magellan and Elcano's first round-the-world voyage in flat projection and displayed on the globe from any perspective
- [EuroPreArt](https://historylab.es/europreart/) - It aims to establish a lasting database of European prehistoric art documentation, to launch the base of an European institutional network devoted to this domain, and to contribute to the awareness of the diversity and richness of European Prehistoric Art, as one of the oldest artistic expression of Humankind.
- [CESNUR: The Center for Studies on New Religions](https://historylab.es/cesnur-the-center-for-studies-on-new-religions/) - It was established in 1988 by a group of religious scholars from leading universities in Europe and the Americas to offer a professional association to scholars specialized in religious minorities, new religious movements, contemporary esoteric, spiritual and gnostic schools, and the new religious consciousness in general
- [Monastic Matrix](https://historylab.es/monastic-matrix/) - site dedicated to the study of women's religious communities
- [The center for Jewish art](https://historylab.es/the-center-for-jewish-art/) - The website of the Center for Jewish art (CJA), a research institute at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, devoted to the documentation and research of Jewish visual culture.
- [Discover Islamic art](https://historylab.es/discover-islamic-art/) - The website allows visitors to discover Islamic art through images related to objects and monuments
- [Digital Islamic humanities project](https://historylab.es/digital-islamic-humanities-project/) - A research initiative of the Middle East Studies program at Brown University.
- [Art in Christian Tradition](https://historylab.es/art-in-christian-tradition/) - Database of images of Christian art
- [The Noble Quran](https://historylab.es/the-noble-quran/) - Full text of the Quran
- [Hebrew Biblical Resources](https://historylab.es/hebrew-biblical-resources/) - A guide to help those writing papers or researching in the area of Hebrew Bible
- [Papal documents](https://historylab.es/papal-documents/) - Letters, speeches and other writings from Pope Leo XIII (1878) through Pope Francis (current)
- [The Chauvet-Pont d'Arc Cave](https://historylab.es/the-chauvet-pont-darc-cave/) - Virtual visit of the cave that contains some of the best-preserved figurative cave paintings in the world, as well as other evidence of Upper Paleolithic life.
- [Lascaux cave](https://historylab.es/lascaux-cave/) - Virtual visit of the cave that contains some of the best-preserved figurative cave paintings in the world.
- [Cities of the Three Books](https://historylab.es/cities-of-the-three-books/) - Jerusalem and the Holy Land in 19th century photographs
- [Internet Sacred Text Archive](https://historylab.es/internet-sacred-text-archive/) - Archive of online books about religions
- [Holy places of Jerusalem](https://historylab.es/holy-places-of-jerusalem/) - Display of photographs showing sacred places of the Holy city
- [Questions of identity](https://historylab.es/questions-of-identity/) - Costume from the collection of the Israel Museum, Jerusalem
- [Beliefs: Nature, Magic and Religion](https://historylab.es/beliefs-nature-magic-and-religion/) - Virtual exhibition at the archaelogical Museum of Linares (Jaén) about rites, objects and materials linked to beliefs, magic, religion in the Mediterranean area.
- [10 Trees with Religious Significance](https://historylab.es/10-trees-with-religious-significance/) - Through history, trees have been a focus for religious communities and pious pilgrims
- [Religion and Myth. Art and Custom](https://historylab.es/religion-and-myth-art-and-custom/) - Virtual exhibition of Baroque portraits of the Christian apostoles
- [The Virgin Mary: Woman, Mother, Queen](https://historylab.es/the-virgin-mary-woman-mother-queen/) - Virtual exhibition at the Art Museum of Estonia
- [The Story of God with Morgan Freeman](https://historylab.es/the-story-of-god-with-morgan-freeman/) - An American television documentary about God and religious topics.
- [Samsara](https://historylab.es/samsara/) - 2011 American non-narrative documentary film of international imagery directed by Ron Fricke
- [Orthodox Christianity in the 21st Century](https://historylab.es/orthodox-christianity-in-the-21st-century/) - Report by the Pew Research Center
- [Papal encyclicals online](https://historylab.es/papal-encyclicals-online/) - Website housing relevant documents of the Catholic Church.
- [A common Word between us and you](https://historylab.es/a-common-word-beetween-us-and-you/) - On October 13th 2006, one month to the day after Pope Benedict XVI’s Regensburg address of September 13th 2006, 38 Islamic authorities and scholars from around the world, representing all denominations and schools of thought, joined together to deliver an answer to the Pope in the spirit of open intellectual exchange and mutual understanding. In their Open Letter to the Pope , for the first time in recent history, Muslim scholars from every branch of Islam spoke with one voice about the true teachings of Islam.
- [10 key findings about religion in Western Europe](https://historylab.es/10-key-findings-about-religion-in-western-europe/) - Results of the Pew Research Center survey
- [Where the world's atheist live?](https://historylab.es/where-the-worlds-atheist-live/) - Map showing where the world's atheist live
- [Declaration of the Rights of the Child](https://historylab.es/declaration-of-the-rights-of-the-child/) - In 1959, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Declaration of the Rights of the Child. It marked the first major international consensus on the fundamental principles of children’s rights.
- [The Crucified Christ](https://historylab.es/the-crucified-christ/) - Oil on canvas by Diego Velázquez.
- [Religion in Europe in the 16th century](https://historylab.es/religion-in-europe-in-the-16th-century/) - A map illustrating the dominant religious divisions in Europe.
- [Discourse on the Forgery of the Alleged Donation of Constantine](https://historylab.es/discourse-on-the-forgery-of-the-alleged-donation-of-constantine/) - The document known to us as the Donation of Constantine is one of the most famous medieval forgeries.
- [Schism of 1054](https://historylab.es/schism-of-1054/) - Map showing the influences of Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches
- [Estimated distribution of Sunni Muslims in Middle East](https://historylab.es/estimated-distribution-of-sunni-muslims-in-middle-east/) - Map Showing the estimated distribution of Sunni Muslims in Middle East
- [Estimated distribution of Shia Muslims in Middle East](https://historylab.es/estimated-distribution-of-shia-muslims-in-middle-east/) - Map Showing the estimated distribution of Shia Muslims in Middle East
- [Universal Declaration of Human Rights](https://historylab.es/universal-declaration-of-human-rights/) - It is a milestone document in the history of human rights.
- [The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen](https://historylab.es/the-declaration-of-the-rights-of-man-and-of-the-citizen/) - Inspired by the American Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the spirit of the Enlightenment, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789 marked the beginning of a new political era. Since then, it has never ceased to be a reference text.
- [The five major world religions](https://historylab.es/the-five-major-world-religions/) - Video that illustrates the interrelated histories of of Hinduism, Judaism, Buddhism, Christianity and Islam.
- [St. Bartholomew's Day massacre](https://historylab.es/st-bartholomews-day-massacre/) - Painting which depicts the famous massacre of the Huguenots which took place on the Night of San Bartolomeo.
- [Pilgrims going to Mecca](https://historylab.es/pelerins-allant-a-la-mecque/) - Painting by Leon Bélly
- [History of Islam](https://historylab.es/history-of-islam/) - Series looking at the history and development of the Islamic faith.
- [How do European countries differ in religious commitment? Use our interactive map to find out](https://historylab.es/how-do-european-countries-differ-in-religious-commitment-use-our-interactive-map-to-find-out/) - Interactive map by Jonathan Evans and Chris Baronavski
- [Conflict in Israel and Palestine](https://historylab.es/conflict-in-israel-and-palestine/) - Video In which John Green teaches you about the conflict in Israel and Palestine
- [The Database of religious history](https://historylab.es/the-database-of-religious-history/) - It is a massive, standardized, searchable encyclopedia of the current best scholarly opinion on historical religious traditions
- [Buddhism in Europe. History, current state of affairs, and adaptations to European large-scale social trends](https://historylab.es/buddhism-in-europe-history-current-state-of-affairs-and-adaptations-to-european-large-scale-social-trends/) - Academic paper by Martin Baumann, University of Luzern.
- [Eastern and Western Europeans Differ on Importance of Religion, Views of Minorities, and Key Social Issues](https://historylab.es/eastern-and-western-europeans-differ-on-importance-of-religion-views-of-minorities-and-key-social-issues/) - Report by the Pew Research Center
- [Saint James Way](https://historylab.es/saint-james-way/) - Website of the Cultural Route of the Council of Europe.
- [Via Francigena](https://historylab.es/via-francigena/) - Website of the Cultural Route of the Council of Europe.
- [At the time of Jesus](https://historylab.es/at-the-time-of-jesus/) - Map representing what the lands that are part of Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon were like at the time of Christ
- [EU Charter of Fundamental Rights (article 10)](https://historylab.es/eu-charter-of-fundamental-rights-article-10/) - Fundamental rights are the basic rights and freedoms that belong to everyone in the EU
- [Islam, the Quran, and the Five Pillars](https://historylab.es/islam-the-quran-and-the-five-pillars/) - Video in which John Green teaches you the history of Islam.
- [Christianity from Judaism to Constantine](https://historylab.es/christianity-from-judaism-to-constantine/) - Video in which John Green teaches you the history of Christianity
- [European Routes of Jewish Heritage](https://historylab.es/european-routes-of-jewish-heritage/) - Webiste of The European Association for the Preservation and Promotion of Jewish Culture and Heritage (AEPJ)
- [Cyril and Methodius Route](https://historylab.es/cyril-and-methodius-route/) - It presents a set of trails focused on travelling in the footsteps of Saints Cyril and Methodius and their followers (the Seven Saints Apostles).
- [Routes of Reformation](https://historylab.es/routes-of-reformation/) - Website of the Cultural Route of the Council of Europe.
- [Via Romea Germanica](https://historylab.es/via-romea-germanica/) - Website of the Cultural Route of the Council of Europe.
- [Prehistoric Rock Art Trails](https://historylab.es/prehistoric-rock-art-trails/) - Website of the Cultural Route of the Council of Europe.
- [Route of Saint Olav Ways](https://historylab.es/route-of-saint-olav-ways/) - Website of the Cultural Route of the Council of Europe.
- [Five centuries after reformation, Catholic-Protestant divide in Western Europe has faded](https://historylab.es/five-centuries-after-reformation-catholic-protestant-divide-in-western-europe-has-faded/) - Report by the Pew Research Center
- [The Crusades](https://historylab.es/the-crusades/) - Maps showing the Major Events of the Crusades
- [Jewish Heritage Europe](https://historylab.es/jewish-heritage-europe/) - Website housing relevant documents of the Catholic Church.
- [Israeli-Palestinian Conflict](https://historylab.es/israeli-palestinian-conflict/) - Historical background and recent developments of the conflict. By the Center for Preventive Action
- [Blue Mosque (Sultanahmet Camii)](https://historylab.es/blue-mosque-sultanahmet-camii/) - Official website of one of the most magnificent building in Turkey.
- [Virtual Tour of Jewish Italian Itineraries](https://historylab.es/virtual-tour-of-jewish-italian-itineraries/) - It is a Project that comes from the Cultural Heritage Commission of the Union of Italian Jewish Communities.
- [Conversation between aunt and niece, Leah and Esther, about their Jewish identity and how the Holocaust still looms large in their lives](https://historylab.es/conversation-between-aunt-and-niece-leah-and-esther-about-their-jewish-identity-and-how-the-holocaust-still-looms-large-in-their-lives/) - Leah asks Esther what it's like to be a second generation Holocaust survivor and they discuss how the Holocaust still looms large in their lives.
- [Conversation between friends, Carole and Margot, about their interest in paganism](https://historylab.es/conversation-between-friends-carole-and-margot-about-their-interest-in-paganism/) - Carole and Margot discuss paganism. Carole describes how she became a pagan, although she was brought up as a Christian.
- [Conversation between fellow monks, Christopher and Thomas, about monastic life as Catholic priests at Buckfast Abbey](https://historylab.es/conversation-between-fellow-monks-christopher-and-thomas-about-monastic-life-as-catholic-priests-at-buckfast-abbey/) - Christopher and Thomas are Benedictine monks. They live and work at Buckfast Abbey where they also serve as Catholic priests.
- [The religious conception in ancient Greece](https://historylab.es/the-religious-conception-in-ancient-greece/) - Video dedicated to the Greek religion.
- [Cathedral Saint-Pierre of Geneva](https://historylab.es/cathedral-saint-pierre-of-geneva/) - Official website of the Cathedral
- [Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major](https://historylab.es/papal-basilica-of-saint-mary-major/) - Virtual tour of the Basilica of Saint Mary Major
- [Papal Basilica of Saint Peter](https://historylab.es/papal-basilica-of-saint-peter/) - Virtual tour of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter
- [Canterbury Cathedral Virtual Tour](https://historylab.es/canterbury-cathedral-virtual-tour/) - Virtual Tour of the Canterbury Cathedral
- [Today a Savior has been born to you](https://historylab.es/today-a-savior-has-been-born-to-you/) - The Uffizi Galleries' Paintings on the Nativity and Epiphany
- [The Mother of God and the Saints: Orthodox Christian Icons at Maryhill Museum of Art](https://historylab.es/the-mother-of-god-and-the-saints-orthodox-christian-icons-at-maryhill-museum-of-art/) - This online exhibition includes icons with representations of the Mother of God and select Christian saints.
- [World Religious Map](https://historylab.es/world-religious-map/) - Interactive map
- [Virtual tour of the Turku Cathedral](https://historylab.es/virtual-tour-of-the-turku-cathedral/) - Virtual tour of the Turku Cathedral
- [The Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA)](https://historylab.es/the-association-of-religion-data-archives-arda/) - It strives to democratize access to the best data on religion.
- [Jewish Virtual Library](https://historylab.es/jewish-virtual-library/) - It serves for fact-based research pertaining to Judaism, Israel, and the Holocaust.
- [Papal Basilica of Saint John Lateran](https://historylab.es/papal-basilica-of-saint-john-lateran/) - Virtual tour of the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
- [Animated map shows how religion spread around the world](https://historylab.es/animated-map-shows-how-religion-spread-around-the-world/) - Video by Business Insider showing how religions spread around the world
- [Distribution of religion in Greater London](https://historylab.es/distribution-of-religion-in-greater-london/) - Interactive map
- [Giving Memory a Future: The Sinti and Roma in Italy and around the world](https://historylab.es/giving-memory-a-future-the-sinti-and-roma-in-italy-and-around-the-world/) - It is a multimedia educational resource with information about Sinti and Roma in Europe
- [In EU, there’s an East-West divide over religious minorities, gay marriage, national identity (by Jeff Diamant and Scott Gardner)](https://historylab.es/in-eu-theres-an-east-west-divide-over-religious-minorities-gay-marriage-national-identity-by-jeff-diamant-and-scott-gardner/) - Report by the Pew Research Center
- [Political cartoon](https://historylab.es/political-cartoon/) - The relationship between the estates
- [Voices of the Holocaust](https://historylab.es/voices-of-the-holocaust/) - Oral history testimonies gathered from Jewish men and women who came to live in Britain during or after WWII
- [Introduction to the myth and religion of Rome by Maurizio Bettini](https://historylab.es/introduzione-al-mito-e-alla-religione-di-roma-by-maurizio-bettini/) - The article is taken from History of European civilization by Umberto Eco
- [Roma and Religion](https://historylab.es/roma-and-religion/) - Article published in the European cooperation for Roma Inclusion / ECRI official website
- [Islam and Gender in Europe](https://historylab.es/islam-and-gender-in-europe/) - Article by Fabio Giomi published in the Encyclopédie d'histoire numérique de l'Europe (2020)
- [Gender and profound changes in European Judaism](https://historylab.es/gender-and-profound-changes-in-european-judaism/) - Article by Béatrice de Gasquet published in the Encyclopédie d'histoire numérique de l'Europe (2022)
- [Questions of Gender in French and European Protestantism](https://historylab.es/questions-of-gender-in-french-and-european-protestantism/) - Article by Stéphane Lavignotte published in the Encyclopédie d'histoire numérique de l'Europe (2020)
- [Ethnographical map reproduced from The Balkan Peninsula by Jovan Cvijić](https://historylab.es/ethnographical-map-reproduced-from-the-balkan-peninsula-by-jovan-cvijic/) - It shows religious and ethnic diversity of the region.
- [Discovering Sacred Texts](https://historylab.es/discovering-sacred-texts/) - It is an online learning resource, designed for Religious Education students and teachers as well as lifelong learners. The site allows visitors to explore the world’s major faiths through our collections of sacred texts.
- [Texts and Translations of the Rules of Saint Benedict](https://historylab.es/texts-and-translations-of-the-rules-of-saint-benedict/) - A list of hyperlinks to the rule of Saint Benedict in different lenguages
- [Patheos Lenses](https://historylab.es/patheos-lenses/) - Side by side comparison
- [The obscure religion that shaped the West](https://historylab.es/the-obscure-religion-that-shaped-the-west/) - Newspaper article about Zoroastrianism
- [Women and religion in Europe](https://historylab.es/women-and-religion-in-europe/) - Report by the Committee on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men, Parliamentary Assembly, Council of Europe
- [Scene of Inquisition](https://historylab.es/scene-of-inquisition/) - Painting by Francisco de Goya y Lucientes
- [Six Great Heresies of the Middle Ages](https://historylab.es/six-great-heresies-of-the-middle-ages/) - Article on six heresies of the Midlle Ages (Paulicians, Bogomils, Cathars, Waldensians, Lollards, Hussites)
- [Exploring Religion in London](https://historylab.es/exploring-religion-in-london/) - This collection of 360 tours from The Open University is designed to share the experience of visiting seven of London’s key religious buildings.
- [The Troubles (article by Jeff Wallenfeld)](https://historylab.es/the-troubles-article-by-jeff-wallenfeld/) - Also called Northern Ireland conflict, it was a violent conflict from about 1968 to 1998 in Northern Ireland between the overwhelmingly Protestant unionists (loyalists), who desired the province to remain part of the United Kingdom, and the overwhelmingly Roman Catholic nationalists (republicans), who wanted Northern Ireland to become part of the republic of Ireland.
- [Flagellation](https://historylab.es/flagellation/) - Painting by Piero della Francesca.
- [Chartist demonstration](https://historylab.es/chartist-demonstration/) - Chartist movement
- [Chartist' riot](https://historylab.es/chartist-riot/) - Chartist movement
- [Reeves and serfs](https://historylab.es/reeves-and-serfs/) - Middle Ages source materials
- [A Letter from Agnes of Poitiers](https://historylab.es/a-letter-from-agnes-of-poitiers/) - Medieval life
- [Napoleon's adiex to the old guard at Fontainebleau](https://historylab.es/napoleons-adiex-to-the-old-guard-at-fontainebleau/) - power of leaders
- [A farewell speech](https://historylab.es/a-farewell-speech/) - Power of leaders
- [A right to vote should be a human right](https://historylab.es/a-right-to-vote-should-be-a-human-right/) - Universal suffrage
- [The Inquisition as a primary source](https://historylab.es/the-inquisition-as-a-primary-source/) - Middle Ages source materials
- [Vexillum Inquisitionis Goanæ](https://historylab.es/vexillum-inquisitionis-goanae/) - Inquisition
- [Columbus landing on Hispaniola, Dec. 6, 1492; greeted by Arawak Indians](https://historylab.es/columbus-landing-on-hispaniola-dec-6-1492-greeted-by-arawak-indians/) - Art and Power
- [Landing of Columbus](https://historylab.es/landing-of-columbus/) - Art and Power
- [The Landing of Columbus](https://historylab.es/the-landing-of-columbus/) - Art and Power
- [Universal suffrage dedicated to Ledru-Rollin](https://historylab.es/universal-suffrage-dedicated-to-ledru-rollin/) - Universal suffrage
- [Votes for women bandwagon](https://historylab.es/votes-for-women-bandwagon/) - Women´s suffrage
- [Comments on Suffrage disturbances 1905](https://historylab.es/comments-on-suffrage-disturbances-1905/) - Women´s suffrage
- [A letter written by Churchill to a suffragette in February 1908](https://historylab.es/a-letter-written-by-churchill-to-a-suffragette-in-february-1908/) - Churchill and suffragetts
- [The editor of the "Manchester Guardian" newspaper about the treatment of Suffragette prisoners March 1910](https://historylab.es/the-editor-of-the-manchester-guardian-newspaper-about-the-treatment-of-suffragette-prisoners-march-1910/) - Women´s suffrage
- [Temporary Parliamentary premises](https://historylab.es/temporary-parliamentary-premises/) - universal suffrage, Finland
- [Medieval family structure](https://historylab.es/medieval-family-structure/) - Medieval life
- [Military and religious life in the Middle Ages and at the period of Renaissance](https://historylab.es/military-and-religious-life-in-the-middle-ages-and-at-the-period-of-renaissance/) - Medieval life
- [Re-imagining democracy 1750-1860](https://historylab.es/re-imagining-democracy-1750-1860/) - Participation in democracy
- [The rise of democracy in England](https://historylab.es/the-rise-of-democracy-in-england/) - Participation in democracy
- [The British constitution](https://historylab.es/the-british-constitution/) - Participation in democracy
- [Queen Victoria journal entries](https://historylab.es/queen-victoria-journal-entries/) - Chartist movement
- [Chartists and newspapers](https://historylab.es/chartists-and-newspapers/) - Chartist movement
- [Parliament records](https://historylab.es/parliament-records/) - universal suffrage
- [The Inquisition tribunal](https://historylab.es/the-inquisition-tribunal/) - Medieval life
- [Medieval ploughing](https://historylab.es/medieval-ploughing/) - Medieval life
- [Medieval miniature of baths](https://historylab.es/medieval-miniature-of-baths/) - Medieval life
- [Chartist meeting](https://historylab.es/chartist-meeting/) - Chartist movement
- [The roots of America's democracy problems](https://historylab.es/the-roots-of-americas-democracy-problems/) - Contemporary democracy
- [National union of women's suffrage societies](https://historylab.es/national-union-of-womens-suffrage-societies/) - Universal suffrage
- [Bishope Henry christening Finns](https://historylab.es/bishope-henry-christening-finns/) - Art and Power
- [Mao Tse-Tung](https://historylab.es/mao-tse-tung/) - Art and Power
- [Portrait of Napoleon Bonaparte](https://historylab.es/portrait-of-napoleon-bonaparte/) - Art and Power
- [Sheep in medieval France](https://historylab.es/sheep-in-medieval-france/) - Medieval life
- [Bishop Henry and peasant Lalli](https://historylab.es/bishop-henry-and-peasant-lalli/) - Art and Power
- [Defence against Foreign invasion](https://historylab.es/defence-against-foreign-invasion/) - Participation in democracy
- [Elections and nominations](https://historylab.es/elections-and-nominations/) - Participation in democracy
- [History and American democarcy](https://historylab.es/history-and-american-democarcy/) - Participation in democracy
- [Disinformation and democracy](https://historylab.es/disinformation-and-democracy/) - Participation in democracy
- [Democracy in America](https://historylab.es/democracy-in-america/) - Participation in democracy
- [Social movements and American democracy in the 21st century](https://historylab.es/social-movements-and-american-democracy-in-the-21st-century/) - Participation in democracy
- [Power and politics](https://historylab.es/power-and-politics/) - power and aristocracy
- [Friends of Liberty](https://historylab.es/friends-of-liberty/) - Participation in democracy
- [Riot in Bristol](https://historylab.es/riot-in-bristol/) - Participation in democracy
- [1789 to 1889:  The progress of time](https://historylab.es/1789-to-1889-the-progress-of-time/) - Participation in democracy
- [Suffragettes in trousers](https://historylab.es/suffragettes-in-trousers/) - Participation in democracy
- [A Rake's Progress](https://historylab.es/a-rakes-progress/) - Participation in democracy
- [The county election](https://historylab.es/the-county-election/) - Participation in democracy
- [Agrarian workingmen's party, New York City](https://historylab.es/agrarian-workingmens-party-new-york-city/) - Participation in democracy
- [Reinventing American Democracy for the 21st Century](https://historylab.es/reinventing-american-democracy-for-the-21st-century/) - Participation in democracy
- [Biography of Olympe de Gouges](https://historylab.es/biography-of-olympe-de-gouges/) - Biography for Marie Olympe de Gouges, French Women's Rights Activist
- [Biography of Marie Antoinette](https://historylab.es/biography-of-marie-antoinette/) - Biography of Marie Antoinette, Queen Executed in the French Revolution
- [Black History and Women Timeline 1700-1799](https://historylab.es/black-history-and-women-timeline-1700-1799/) - Black History and Women 1700-1799
- [Enlightenment](https://historylab.es/enlightenment/) - Enlightenment
- [Candide](https://historylab.es/candide/) - A text about Candide
- [The Declaration of the Rights of Woman (September 1791)](https://historylab.es/the-declaration-of-the-rights-of-woman-september-1791/) - The articles
- [Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, 26 August 1789](https://historylab.es/declaration-of-the-rights-of-man-and-citizen-26-august-1789/) - The articles
- [Portrait Olympe de Gouges](https://historylab.es/portrait-olympe-de-gouges/) - Portrait by Alexandre Kucharski ca 1787
- [Exécution d'Olympe de Gouges](https://historylab.es/execution-dolympe-de-gouges/) - Painting 1793 by Mettais
- [The Trial of Olympe de Gouges](https://historylab.es/the-trial-of-olympe-de-gouges/) - The Trial of Olympe de Gouges
- [Olympe de Gouges (1748-1793)](https://historylab.es/olympe-de-gouges-1748-1793/) - Text in Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
- [Monthly calender of tasks](https://historylab.es/monthly-calender-of-tasks/) - Medieval life
- [Henry VIII](https://historylab.es/henry-viii/) - Art and Power
- [Stalin](https://historylab.es/stalin/) - Art and Power
- [The last senate of Julius Caesar](https://historylab.es/the-last-senate-of-julius-caesar/) - Art and Power
- [Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the [Female] Citizen](https://historylab.es/declaration-of-the-rights-of-woman-and-of-the-female-citizen/) - Description of the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the [Female] Citizen in Encyclopedia Britannica
- [The Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Citizen](https://historylab.es/the-declaration-of-the-rights-of-woman-and-the-citizen/) - Pictures from the original pamphlet
- [Vanguard of Women going to Versailles 1789](https://historylab.es/vanguard-of-women-going-to-versailles-1789/) - Vanguard of Women going to Versailles 1789
- [To Versailles, To Versailles!](https://historylab.es/to-versailles-to-versailles/) - To Versailles, To Versailles!
- [Memorable Day at Versailles, 5 October 1789](https://historylab.es/memorable-day-at-versailles-5-october-1789/) - Memorable Day at Versailles, 5 October 1789
- [The Death of Marat - Jacques–Louis David 1793](https://historylab.es/the-death-of-marat-jacques-louis-david-1793/) - The Death of Marat - Jacques–Louis David 1793
- [Condorcet, "On the Admission of Women to the Rights Of Citizenship" (1790)](https://historylab.es/condorcet-on-the-admission-of-women-to-the-rights-of-citizenship-1790/) - Newspaper article 1790 were Condorcet argues for womens´right to citizenship
- [Women Testify Concerning Their Participation in the October Days (1789)](https://historylab.es/women-testify-concerning-their-participation-in-the-october-days-1789/) - The commission investigating the events of October 1789
- ["Petition of Women of the Third Estate to the King" (1 January 1789)](https://historylab.es/petition-of-women-of-the-third-estate-to-the-king-1-january-1789/) - "Petition of Women of the Third Estate to the King" (1 January 1789)
- [Article from the Encyclopedia: "Woman"](https://historylab.es/article-from-the-encyclopedia-woman/) - Article from the Encyclopedia: "Woman"
- [Discussion of Citizenship under the Proposed New Constitution (29 April 1793)](https://historylab.es/discussion-of-citizenship-under-the-proposed-new-constitution-29-april-1793/) - The constitutional committee discuss the rights of women
- [Prudhomme, "On the Influence of the Revolution on Women" (12 February 1791)](https://historylab.es/prudhomme-on-the-influence-of-the-revolution-on-women-12-february-1791/) - French newspaper about women and the revolution.
- [Account of a Session of the Society of Revolutionary Republican Women](https://historylab.es/account-of-a-session-of-the-society-of-revolutionary-republican-women/) - Notes from oa meetings of the women’s club comes from notes taken by Pierre–Joseph–Alexis Roussel, published in a volume of memoirs in 1802.
- [Regulations of the Society of Revolutionary Republican Women (9 July 1793)](https://historylab.es/regulations-of-the-society-of-revolutionary-republican-women-9-july-1793/) - Regulations of the Society of Revolutionary Republican Women (9 July 1793)
- [Police Reports on Disturbances over Food Supplies (February 1793)](https://historylab.es/police-reports-on-disturbances-over-food-supplies-february-1793/) - The reports of the Paris police provide firsthand information about conditions in the city and about the leading role of women in food disturbances.
- [Jean–Jacques Rousseau, "Emile" (1762)](https://historylab.es/jean-jacques-rousseau-emile-1762/) - Text about Rousseau´s Emile
- [Voltaire](https://historylab.es/voltaire/) - A text about Voltaire
- [Montesquieu](https://historylab.es/montesquieu/) - A text about Montesquieu
- [Jean-Jacques Rousseau](https://historylab.es/jean-jacques-rousseau/) - A text about Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- [Marie-Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Caritat, marquis de Condorcet](https://historylab.es/marie-jean-antoine-nicolas-de-caritat-marquis-de-condorcet/) - A text about Marie-Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Caritat, marquis de Condorcet
- [Rousseau's Take on Women and Education](https://historylab.es/rousseaus-take-on-women-and-education/) - Rousseau´s thoughts about women and education
- [Encyclopédie](https://historylab.es/encyclopedie/) - A text about the Encyclopédie
- [Rosa Luxemburg, Polish-German revolutionary](https://historylab.es/rosa-luxemburg-polish-german-revolutionary/) - Biography of Rosa Luxemburg
- [The Rise of the F Word: Feminism](https://historylab.es/the-rise-of-the-f-word-feminism/) - Feminism as a philosophical keyword.
- [Emmeline Pankhurst, British suffragist](https://historylab.es/emmeline-pankhurst-british-suffragist/) - Biography of Emmeline Pankhurst
- [Parliament and the Suffrage Movement](https://historylab.es/parliament-and-the-suffrage-movement/) - Teaching resources about womens suffrage
- [Lady Mary Wortley Montagu](https://historylab.es/lady-mary-wortley-montagu/) - A text about Lady Mary Wortley Montagu
- [Painting of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu](https://historylab.es/painting-of-lady-mary-wortley-montagu/) - Painting of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu from 1725 by Jonathan Richardson (The Younger)
- [Mary Wollstonecraft](https://historylab.es/mary-wollstonecraft/) - Text about Mary Wollstonecraft
- [Plaque of Mary Wollstonecraft at her last residence](https://historylab.es/plaque-of-mary-wollstonecraft-at-her-last-residence/) - Plaque of Mary Wollstonecraft at her last residence, The Polygon, where she died in 1797
- [Louis-Marie Prudhomme](https://historylab.es/louis-marie-prudhomme/) - Portrait of Louis-Marie Prudhomme
- [Fraternity](https://historylab.es/fraternity/) - A picture of Fraternity
- [Lady Mary Wortley Montagu: A Biography](https://historylab.es/lady-mary-wortley-montagu-a-biography/) - Short video lecture about Lady Wortley Montagu
- [Woman not inferior to man](https://historylab.es/woman-not-inferior-to-man/) - A text attributed to Lady Mary Wortley Montagu,
- [Day of 1 Prairial of the Year III](https://historylab.es/day-of-1-prairial-of-the-year-iii/) - Men and women threaten the deputies on 20 May 1795. They demand "Bread and the Constitution of 1793."
- [French Constitution, Rights of Man and Citizen](https://historylab.es/french-constitution-rights-of-man-and-citizen/) - Image of the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen
- [Reason](https://historylab.es/reason/) - A picture of Reason
- [Liberty](https://historylab.es/liberty/) - A picture of Liberty
- [National Assembly relinquishes all privileges](https://historylab.es/national-assembly-relinquishes-all-privileges/) - A picture of when the National Assembly Relinquishes All Privileges 1789
- [Equality](https://historylab.es/equality/) - A picture of Equality
- [Assassination of Marat - C. Hocquet](https://historylab.es/assassination-of-marat-c-hocquet/) - Assassination of Marat - C. Hocquet
- [Image of the Queen’s Defense](https://historylab.es/image-of-the-queens-defense/) - Image of the Queen’s Defense
- [George Lansbury](https://historylab.es/george-lansbury/) - Biography of George Lansbury
- [John Stuart Mill](https://historylab.es/john-stuart-mill/) - Biography of John Stuart Mill
- [Emmeline Pankhurst](https://historylab.es/emmeline-pankhurst/) - Wikipedia-article about Emmeline Pankhurst.
- [Emmeline Pankhurst (1858 - 1928)](https://historylab.es/emmeline-pankhurst-1858-1928/) - Biography of Emmeline Pankhurst
- [Suffragettes who have never been kissed](https://historylab.es/suffragettes-who-have-never-been-kissed/) - Anti-suffragett postcard from Great Britain, ca 1907.
- [“Washing day”](https://historylab.es/washing-day/) - Anti-suffragett postcard from London, ca 1906.
- [Women’s Suffrage and Class Struggle](https://historylab.es/womens-suffrage-and-class-struggle/) - Speech made by Rosa Luxemburg, class struggle and women's liberation.
- [Men’s Political Union for Women’s Enfranchisement](https://historylab.es/mens-political-union-for-womens-enfranchisement/) - Leaflet for the Men’s Political Union for Women’s Enfranchisement
- [Victor Duval: Case study](https://historylab.es/victor-duval-case-study/) - Case study and information about Victor Duval.
- [Mrs. Humphry Ward, British writer](https://historylab.es/mrs-humphry-ward-british-writer/) - Biography of Mary Augusta Ward
- [Mary Humphrey Ward: The woman who opposed the right to vote](https://historylab.es/mary-humphrey-ward-the-woman-who-opposed-the-right-to-vote/) - Video clip about Mary Augusta Ward
- [In the footsteps of George Lansbury: lost radical who led an East End rebellion](https://historylab.es/in-the-footsteps-of-george-lansbury-lost-radical-who-led-an-east-end-rebellion/) - Newspaper article about George Lansbury
- [National League for Opposing Woman Suffrage](https://historylab.es/national-league-for-opposing-woman-suffrage/) - Wikipedia-article about organisation.
- [A Suffragette's Home](https://historylab.es/a-suffragettes-home/) - Anti-suffragette propaganda poster, 1910.
- [A Woman's mind magnified](https://historylab.es/a-womans-mind-magnified/) - Anti-suffrage Society postcard from Great Britain, ca 1906.
- [Women's Suffrage - History and Citizenship resources for schools](https://historylab.es/womens-suffrage-history-and-citizenship-resources-for-schools/) - Teaching resources about womens suffrage
- [London church completely destroyed by fire](https://historylab.es/london-church-completely-destroyed-by-fire/) - London church burnt by suffragettes.
- [How to look for records of... Women’s suffrage](https://historylab.es/how-to-look-for-records-of-womens-suffrage/) - Guide on how to find records of the women’s suffrage movement.
- [Women's suffrage: 10 reasons why men opposed votes for women](https://historylab.es/womens-suffrage-10-reasons-why-men-opposed-votes-for-women/) - Article on why men opposed women's suffrage.
- [Pericles and Aspasia, Fortunino Matania](https://historylab.es/pericles-and-aspasia-fortunino-matania/) - Fortunino Matania
- [Aspasia](https://historylab.es/aspasia/) - Aspasia pictured in the video game Assassin's Creed Odyssey
- [Romain copy of a Greek ancient sculpture of Sappho](https://historylab.es/romain-copy-of-a-greek-ancient-sculpture-of-sappho/) - Romain copy of a Greek ancient sculpture of Sappho
- [Roman copy of an ancient Greek original statue](https://historylab.es/roman-copy-of-an-ancient-greek-original-statue/) - Roman copy of an ancient Greek original statue. Possibly a copy from her grave. Artist: Unknown.
- [Aspasia, Michel Corneille the Younger](https://historylab.es/aspasia-michel-corneille-the-younger/) - Michel Corneille the Younger
- [Aspasia, Marie Bouliard](https://historylab.es/aspasia-marie-bouliard/) - Marie Bouliard
- [Aspasia and Pericles, Louis Hector Leroux](https://historylab.es/aspasia-and-pericles-louis-hector-leroux/) - Aspasia and Pericles, Louis Hector Leroux
- [Debate between Aspasia and the Greek philosopher Socrates, Nicolas-André Monsiau](https://historylab.es/debate-between-aspasia-and-the-greek-philosopher-socrates-nicolas-andre-monsiau/) - Nicolas-André Monsiau
- [Biography of Sappho](https://historylab.es/biography-of-sappho/) - Sappho´s life and legacy
- [Biography of Aspasia](https://historylab.es/biography-of-aspasia/) - Aspasia´s life
- [Picture gallery of Aspasia](https://historylab.es/picture-gallery-of-aspasia/) - Video game Assassin's Creed Odyssey from 2018
- [Biography of Aristotle](https://historylab.es/biography-of-aristotle/) - Aristotle´s philosophy
- [Women's National Anti-Suffrage League manifesto page](https://historylab.es/womens-national-anti-suffrage-league-manifesto-page/) - Women's National Anti-Suffrage League manifesto page
- [Typical Negro family homes](https://historylab.es/typical-negro-family-homes/) - Typical Negro family at the Sojourner Truth
- [John and Lucy Streeter family](https://historylab.es/john-and-lucy-streeter-family/) - A typical Negro worker's family
- [Anonymous Family](https://historylab.es/anonymous-family/) - Married couple with their children and grandchildren
- [Family](https://historylab.es/family/) - Representation of a family of antiquity
- [Family record](https://historylab.es/family-record/) - Record of the life cycle of a family
- [Tree of the House of Medici](https://historylab.es/tree-of-the-house-of-medici/) - Arbore della Casa de Medici
- [Family portrait (sketch)](https://historylab.es/family-portrait-sketch/) - Portrait of an anonymous family
- [Peasant family](https://historylab.es/peasant-family-2/) - Portrait of an anonymous peseant family
- [Peasant family in an interior](https://historylab.es/peasant-family-in-an-interior/) - Portrait of an anonymous peseant family
- [The Eltz Family](https://historylab.es/the-eltz-family/) - Bourgeois family in the countryside
- [Reunion of the three estates](https://historylab.es/reunion-of-the-three-estates/) - Reunion of the three estates
- [Capbreu d'Argeles Cote](https://historylab.es/capbreu-dargeles-cote/) - On behalf of Jacques 1st, King of Majorca
- [Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his wife](https://historylab.es/portrait-of-giovanni-arnolfini-and-his-wife/) - Painting that represents a marriage in which the woman is pregnant and where you can appreciate the wealth that the family had
- [The Dukes of Osuna and their children](https://historylab.es/the-dukes-of-osuna-and-their-children/) - Portrait of the family of the IX Duke of Osuna, Don Pedro Téllez-Girón (1755-1807) and his wife the Countess-Duchess of Benavente and Duchess of Osuna, Doña Josefa Alonso de Pimentel (1752-1834).
- [The ages or phases of man's life and its end on Earth](https://historylab.es/the-ages-or-phases-of-mans-life-and-its-end-on-earth/) - Representation in the form of a step pyramid of the stages of the life of the human being
- [Paraisópolis favela](https://historylab.es/paraisopolis-favela/) - Paraisópolis favela in São Paulo, Brazil borders the affluent district of Morumbi
- [Miniature painting of Sappho and her companions](https://historylab.es/miniature-painting-of-sappho-and-her-companions/) - Miniature painting of Sappho and her companions in a Flemish translation of Christine de Pizan’s book Livre de la Citédes Dames
- [Sappho, Simeon Solomon](https://historylab.es/sappho-simeon-solomon/) - Sappho, Simeon Solomon
- [Mural paintingin Sappho’s birth village](https://historylab.es/mural-paintingin-sapphos-birth-village/) - Mural paintingin Sappho’s birth village on the Greek island,Lesvos.
- [The bourgeois evening](https://historylab.es/the-bourgeois-evening/) - 19th century bourgeois family
- [The evening under the lamp](https://historylab.es/the-evening-under-the-lamp/) - Family
- [Banquet Scene in a Renaissance Hall](https://historylab.es/banquet-scene-in-a-renaissance-hall/) - Renaissance society
- [Gender Equality Symbol](https://historylab.es/gender-equality-symbol/) - Gender Equality Symbol
- [Racial discrimination at work](https://historylab.es/racial-discrimination-at-work/) - Racial discrimination
- [Too Young too old women](https://historylab.es/too-young-too-old-women/) - Ageism
- [Too Young too old men](https://historylab.es/too-young-too-old-men/) - Ageism
- [Overpopulation](https://historylab.es/overpopulation/) - Overpopulation
- [Population of the Earth](https://historylab.es/population-of-the-earth/) - Population of the Earth
- [Scene of castes](https://historylab.es/scene-of-castes/) - Family groups of different castes
- [Mestizos 1770](https://historylab.es/mestizos-1770/) - Mestizo family
- [Of albarazado and mestizo, barcino](https://historylab.es/of-albarazado-and-mestizo-barcino/) - Caste family
- [Portrait of Francisco Antonio de Larrea y Victorica with his two sons](https://historylab.es/portrait-of-francisco-antonio-de-larrea-y-victorica-with-his-two-sons/) - Portrait of Francisco Antonio de Larrea y Victorica with his two sons
- [Entry of the Viceroy Morcillo into Potosí](https://historylab.es/entry-of-the-viceroy-morcillo-into-potosi/) - Entry of the Viceroy Morcillo into Potosí
- [Main mistress with her black slave](https://historylab.es/main-mistress-with-her-black-slave/) - Representation of two women of different ethnicities
- [Garfield Family](https://historylab.es/garfield-family/) - Representation of a family of the North American elite
- [Young man](https://historylab.es/young-man/) - Family Album
- [Mother with two babies](https://historylab.es/mother-with-two-babies/) - Family Album
- [Pubertal girl](https://historylab.es/pubertal-girl/) - Family Album
- [Marquises of the Campillo](https://historylab.es/marquises-of-the-campillo/) - Family Album
- [Teenager in military clothes](https://historylab.es/teenager-in-military-clothes/) - Family Album
- [Pubertal boy](https://historylab.es/pubertal-boy/) - Family Album
- [Teenager](https://historylab.es/teenager/) - Family Album
- [Family of the Marquis of Rio Florido](https://historylab.es/family-of-the-marquis-of-rio-florido/) - Family Album
- [Mature woman](https://historylab.es/mature-woman/) - Family Album
- [Edmondo and Thérèse Morbilli](https://historylab.es/edmondo-y-therese-morbilli/) - Bourgeois family
- [The Governess](https://historylab.es/the-governess/) - Bourgeois family
- [Girl from a local elite family](https://historylab.es/girl-from-a-local-elite-family/) - Family Album
- [Baby from a local elite family](https://historylab.es/baby-from-a-local-elite-family/) - Family Album
- [Father with dead baby](https://historylab.es/father-with-dead-baby/) - Family Album
- [Young men](https://historylab.es/young-men/) - Family Album
- [Wedding Party](https://historylab.es/wedding-party/) - Marriage in early modern Europe
- [Flesh and Blood](https://historylab.es/flesh-and-blood/) - Current family
- [Portraits à la Bourse](https://historylab.es/portraits-a-la-bourse/) - Capitalist bourgeoisie
- [The Ironers](https://historylab.es/the-ironers/) - Capitalist society
- [The Bellelli family](https://historylab.es/the-bellelli-family/) - Bourgeois family
- [Self-portrait of Hendrik Spilman with Suzanna van Bommel and two daughters](https://historylab.es/self-portrait-of-hendrik-spilman-with-suzanna-van-bommel-and-two-daughters/) - Protestant family
- [Portrait of a venetian family with a manservant serving coffee](https://historylab.es/portrait-of-a-venetian-family-with-a-manservant-serving-coffee/) - Venetian elite family
- [Family of a Russian Orthodox priest](https://historylab.es/family-of-a-russian-orthodox-priest/) - Family of a Russian Orthodox priest
- [The three feudal orders](https://historylab.es/the-three-feudal-orders/) - Medieval society
- [Boy with doll](https://historylab.es/boy-with-doll/) - Family Album
- [Mid-20th century mature married couple](https://historylab.es/mid-20th-century-mature-married-couple/) - Family Album
- [Family on the day of the first communion of a son](https://historylab.es/family-on-the-day-of-the-first-communion-of-a-son/) - Family Album
- [Mid-20th century father with two sons](https://historylab.es/mid-20th-century-father-with-two-sons/) - Family Album
- [Baby with a flower](https://historylab.es/baby-with-a-flower/) - Family Album
- [Count of Pino Hermoso](https://historylab.es/count-of-pino-hermoso/) - Family Album
- [Mother with her baby](https://historylab.es/mother-with-her-baby/) - Family Album
- [Young woman](https://historylab.es/young-woman/) - Family Album
- [Woman with her baby dressed in mourning](https://historylab.es/woman-with-her-baby-dressed-in-mourning/) - Family Album
- [Mature married couple](https://historylab.es/mature-married-couple/) - Family Album
- [Current family at drive-in](https://historylab.es/current-family-at-drive-in/) - Current family
- [Young catholic seminarian](https://historylab.es/young-catholic-seminarian/) - Family Album
- [Military officer with his wife](https://historylab.es/military-officer-with-his-wife/) - Family Album
- [Father with two daughters](https://historylab.es/father-with-two-daughters/) - Family Album
- [Young married couple](https://historylab.es/young-married-couple/) - Family Album
- [Girl dressed as a gardener](https://historylab.es/girl-dressed-as-a-gardener/) - Family Album
- [Pay gap between men and women in the European Union](https://historylab.es/pay-gap-between-men-and-women-in-the-european-union/) - Pay gap between men and women in the European Union
- [Parental authority in the Ancient Regime](https://historylab.es/parental-authority-in-the-ancient-regime/) - Parental authority
- [Religious Discrimination](https://historylab.es/religious-discrimination/) - Religious Discrimination
- [Purity of blood statutes](https://historylab.es/purity-of-blood-statutes/) - Purity of blood statutes
- [Request for divorce due to mistreatment of María Antonia Calleja](https://historylab.es/request-for-divorce-due-to-mistreatment-of-maria-antonia-calleja/) - Divorce due to mistreatment
- [Foundlings](https://historylab.es/foundlings/) - Foundlings
- [World Migration Report 2022](https://historylab.es/world-migration-report-2022/) - World Migration Report 2022
- [Age according to Hervás Panduro](https://historylab.es/age-according-to-hervas-panduro/) - Age according to Hervás Panduro
- [Global inequality data](https://historylab.es/global-inequality-data/) - Global inequality data
- [Proletariat in Hard Times](https://historylab.es/proletariat-in-hard-times/) - Proletariat in Hard Times
- [Household size and property in Sierra de Alcaraz](https://historylab.es/household-size-and-property-in-sierra-de-alcaraz/) - Household size and property
- [Elites and inheritance systems in 19th century Spain](https://historylab.es/elites-and-inheritance-systems-in-19th-century-spain/) - Elites and inheritance systems
- [Types of families in eastern La Mancha](https://historylab.es/types-of-families-in-eastern-la-mancha/) - Types of families
- [Composition of the dowry in eastern La Mancha](https://historylab.es/composition-of-the-dowry-in-eastern-la-mancha/) - Composition of the dowry
- [Pay gap between men and women](https://historylab.es/pay-gap-between-men-and-women/) - Pay gap between men and women
- [State Foundation ("Mayorazgo") by Francisco Gutierrez Bravo, Relative of the Holy Office of the Inquisition](https://historylab.es/state-foundation-mayorazgo-by-francisco-gutierrez-bravo-relative-of-the-holy-office-of-the-inquisition/) - State Foundation ("Mayorazgo")
- [Evolution of legitimacy, illegitimacy and foundlings in Lugo](https://historylab.es/evolution-of-legitimacy-illegitimacy-and-foundlings-in-lugo/) - Legitimacy and illegitimacy
- [Young people living with their family in Europe](https://historylab.es/young-people-living-with-their-family-in-europe/) - Youth and family in Europe today
- [Causes of dispensation by consanguinity](https://historylab.es/causes-of-dispensation-by-consanguinity/) - Causes of dispensation by consanguinity
- [Caste society in India](https://historylab.es/caste-society-in-india/) - Caste society in India
- [Games and toys in the greco-roman world](https://historylab.es/games-and-toys-in-the-greco-roman-world/) - Game
- [American Gothic](https://historylab.es/american-gothic/) - Art
- [Brushes with the world](https://historylab.es/brushes-with-the-world/) - Art
- [Athens' Agora](https://historylab.es/athens-agora/) - Urbanism
- [Women in Medieval Times](https://historylab.es/women-in-medieval-times/) - Social inequality
- [Hidden Workforce](https://historylab.es/hidden-workforce/) - Social inequality
- [Rams History: The Old Regime](https://historylab.es/rams-history-the-old-regime/) - Social inequality
- [The Ancient Regime](https://historylab.es/the-ancient-regime/) - Family and social inequality
- [Labraz's estate](https://historylab.es/labrazs-estate/) - Changes in rural society during the 19th century
- [Endogamy and exogamy](https://historylab.es/endogamy-and-exogamy/) - Endogamy and exogamy
- [The family](https://historylab.es/the-family/) - The family
- [Demographic transition model](https://historylab.es/demographic-transition-model/) - Demography
- [Child labour during Industrial Revolution](https://historylab.es/child-labour-during-industrial-revolution/) - Child labour
- [Global progress to end child labour has stalled](https://historylab.es/global-progress-to-end-child-labour-has-stalled/) - Child labour
- [Bourgeois family](https://historylab.es/bourgeois-family/) - Bourgeois family
- [Social differences in the peasantry of the Early Modern Age](https://historylab.es/social-differences-in-the-peasantry-of-the-early-modern-age/) - Social differences in the peasantry of the Early Modern Age
- [The proletariat](https://historylab.es/the-proletariat/) - The proletariat
- [Home, a lifestyle](https://historylab.es/home-a-lifestyle/) - Bourgeois homes
- [The bourgeois woman](https://historylab.es/the-bourgeois-woman/) - The bourgeois woman
- [Children's deposit in the House of Maternity and Foundlings of Barcelona in the second half of the 19th century](https://historylab.es/childrens-deposit-in-the-house-of-maternity-and-foundlings-of-barcelona-in-the-second-half-of-the-19th-century/) - Children's deposit and Foundlings The text shows how the deposit of children in the House of Maternity and Foundlings of Barcelona during the second half of the 19th century was a survival strategy in the face of economic difficulties.
- [Woman in orchards](https://historylab.es/woman-in-orchards/) - Rural landscape
- [Cyclist](https://historylab.es/cyclist/) - Urban landscape
- [Electric Lamp](https://historylab.es/electric-lamp/) - Urban landscape
- [Prayer before the meal](https://historylab.es/prayer-before-the-meal/) - Urban landscape
- [The Angelus](https://historylab.es/the-angelus-2/) - Rural landscape
- [Eridge Castle](https://historylab.es/eridge-castle/) - Rural landscape
- [Liberty Leading the People (July 28, 1830)](https://historylab.es/liberty-leading-the-people-july-28-1830/) - Peasant revolts
- [Easter morning](https://historylab.es/easter-morning/) - Rural landscape
- [Theodora's mosaic](https://historylab.es/theodoras-mosaic/) - Royal
- [The Untold story of the 1381 Peasants revolt](https://historylab.es/the-untold-story-of-the-1381-peasants-revolt/) - Peasant revolts
- [Peasant revolts and the Renaissance, Ciompi Revolt](https://historylab.es/peasant-revolts-and-the-renaissance-ciompi-revolt/) - Peasant revolts
- [The hay car](https://historylab.es/the-hay-car/) - Art
- [Mountain landscape with rainbow](https://historylab.es/mountain-landscape-with-rainbow/) - Art
- [Urban Landscape with truck](https://historylab.es/urban-landscape-with-truck/) - Urban landscape
- [20 things to see in Pompeii](https://historylab.es/20-things-to-see-in-pompeii/) - Urbanism
- [Lan eta jan, Jan eta lan](https://historylab.es/lan-eta-jan-jan-eta-lan/) - Song
- [Hippodamus of Mileto and the grid pattern](https://historylab.es/hippodamus-of-mileto-and-the-grid-pattern/) - Urbanism
- [Where and why did the first cities and states appear?](https://historylab.es/where-and-why-did-the-first-cities-and-states-appear/) - Urbanism
- [Why did people migrate during the industrial revolution?](https://historylab.es/why-did-people-migrate-during-the-industrial-revolution/) - Rural exodus
- [Islamic city](https://historylab.es/islamic-city/) - Urbanism
- [Rural: sister nature](https://historylab.es/rural-sister-nature/) - Oral source
- [Let's talk about Madrid](https://historylab.es/lets-talk-about-madrid/) - Oral source
- [The Market Gate of Miletus](https://historylab.es/the-market-gate-of-miletus/) - Archeology
- [Wine vessel](https://historylab.es/wine-vessel/) - Archeology
- [Oil vessel](https://historylab.es/oil-vessel/) - Archeology
- [Bikini Girls](https://historylab.es/bikini-girls/) - Archeology
- [Rural: connected to the capital](https://historylab.es/rural-connected-to-the-capital/) - Oral source
- [Spring](https://historylab.es/spring-la-primavera/) - Rural landscape
- [The Mornings: wishes 2013 and women in the rural world](https://historylab.es/the-mornings-wishes-2013-and-women-in-the-rural-world/) - Oral source
- [Rural World: conservatory orchard](https://historylab.es/rural-world-conservatory-orchard/) - Oral source
- [Cohabitation in the rural world](https://historylab.es/cohabitation-in-the-rural-world/) - Oral source
- [The Rural World: part 1 Progress](https://historylab.es/the-rural-world-part-1-progress/) - Oral source
- [The Virgin and Child to Chancellor Rolin](https://historylab.es/the-virgin-and-child-to-chancellor-rolin/) - Urban landscape
- [Plan of Toledo](https://historylab.es/plan-of-toledo/) - Urban landscape
- [Madrid from White Towers](https://historylab.es/madrid-from-white-towers/) - Urban landscape
- [Metropolis](https://historylab.es/metropolis/) - Urban landscape
- [One more day](https://historylab.es/one-more-day/) - Rural landscape
- [Farmhouse in Provence](https://historylab.es/farmhouse-in-provence/) - Rural landscape
- [Blackwell's Island](https://historylab.es/blackwells-island/) - Urban landscape
- [Rain, Steam and Speed](https://historylab.es/rain-steam-and-speed/) - Rural landscape
- [Babylon's walls](https://historylab.es/babylons-walls/) - Illustration
- [Jerusalem](https://historylab.es/jerusalem/) - Illustration
- [Roman Castle](https://historylab.es/roman-castle/) - Illustration
- [Londinium](https://historylab.es/londinium/) - Illustration
- [Ghent](https://historylab.es/ghent/) - Illustration
- [Villa of the Papyri](https://historylab.es/villa-of-the-papyri/) - Illustration
- [Ullastret](https://historylab.es/ullastret/) - Illustration
- [Alhambra palace](https://historylab.es/alhambra-palace/) - Illustration
- [Luxor Temple](https://historylab.es/luxor-temple/) - Illustration
- [The Woman seated of Çatalhöyük](https://historylab.es/the-woman-seated-of-catalhoyuk/) - Archeology
- [Timgad](https://historylab.es/timgad/) - Archeology
- [Alexandria](https://historylab.es/alexandria/) - Illustration
- [Priene](https://historylab.es/priene/) - Illustration
- [Conwy Castle](https://historylab.es/conwy-castle/) - Illustration
- [Faun](https://historylab.es/faun/) - Archeology
- [Months mosaic](https://historylab.es/months-mosaic/) - Archeology
- [The swimmer](https://historylab.es/the-swimmer/) - Archeology
- [Karnak Temple](https://historylab.es/karnak-temple/) - Archeology
- [Toledo](https://historylab.es/toledo/) - Map
- [Pierre “Le Roy” in the Chronique Artésienne](https://historylab.es/pierre-le-roy-in-the-chronique-artesienne/) - Written source
- [Pierre "Le Roy" in the Villani Chronicle](https://historylab.es/pierre-le-roy-in-the-villani-chronicle/) - Written source
- [Friar Dolcino and his heretics](https://historylab.es/friar-dolcino-and-his-heretics/) - Written source
- [Map of Al-idrisi](https://historylab.es/map-of-al-idrisi/) - Map
- [Bologna](https://historylab.es/bologna/) - Map
- [Murcia](https://historylab.es/murcia/) - Map
- [Palmanova](https://historylab.es/palmanova/) - Map
- [Workers Village of Akhenatón (Tell el-Amarna)](https://historylab.es/workers-village-of-akhenaton-tell-el-amarna/) - Illustration
- [Budapest](https://historylab.es/budapest/) - Map
- [Hamburg](https://historylab.es/hamburg/) - Map
- [Lucca](https://historylab.es/lucca/) - Map
- [Neapolis Greco-Romana](https://historylab.es/neapolis-greco-romana/) - Illustration
- [Reconstruction of Acropolis, Athens](https://historylab.es/reconstruction-of-acropolis-athens/) - Illustration
- [Dublin](https://historylab.es/dublin/) - Illustration
- [Roman Arles](https://historylab.es/roman-arles/) - Illustration
- [Athens](https://historylab.es/athens/) - Map
- [Constantinople](https://historylab.es/constantinople/) - Map
- [Celtic people](https://historylab.es/celtic-people/) - Illustration
- [Medina Mursiya](https://historylab.es/medina-mursiya/) - Illustration
- [Description of the Neolithic](https://historylab.es/description-of-the-neolithic/) - Written source
- [Description of Paris](https://historylab.es/description-of-paris/) - Written source
- [Ban on unions](https://historylab.es/ban-on-unions/) - Written source
- [Social movements (anti-nuclear)](https://historylab.es/social-movements-anti-nuclear/) - Written source
- [Vassalage](https://historylab.es/vassalage/) - Written source
- [Feudal rights](https://historylab.es/feudal-rights/) - Written source
- [The bourgeoisie](https://historylab.es/the-bourgeoisie/) - Written source
- [Rights of women](https://historylab.es/rights-of-women/) - Written source
- [Description of a bourgeois house](https://historylab.es/description-of-a-bourgeois-house/) - Written source
- [Description of the city of Manchester](https://historylab.es/description-of-the-city-of-manchester/) - Written source
- [Child labor](https://historylab.es/child-labor/) - Written source
- [Declaration of the Rights of Women and Citizens](https://historylab.es/declaration-of-the-rights-of-women-and-citizens/) - Written source
- [Poverty and hunger](https://historylab.es/poverty-and-hunger/) - Written source
- [The Jacquerie](https://historylab.es/the-jacquerie/) - Written source
- [The ciompi](https://historylab.es/the-ciompi/) - Written source
- [Jacquerie of 1358 in Les Grandes Chroniques de France](https://historylab.es/jacquerie-of-1358-in-les-grandes-chroniques-de-france/) - Written source
- [Assault on power in the <em>Revolt of the Ciompi</em>](https://historylab.es/assault-on-power-in-the-revolt-of-the-ciompi/) - Written source
- [English riot of 1381](https://historylab.es/english-riot-of-1381/) - Written source
- [Black Death](https://historylab.es/black-death/) - Written source
- [Coins. All sides of History](https://historylab.es/coins-all-sides-of-history/) - On the History of Coinage.
- [Fragility over time. Glass in Antiquity](https://historylab.es/fragility-over-time-glass-in-antiquity/) - On glass in antiquity.
- [Artifex. Roman engineering in Spain](https://historylab.es/artifex-roman-engineering-in-spain/) - On technical progress in engineering.
- [Via Augusta](https://historylab.es/via-augusta/) - On land communication routes in Roman times.
- [In the confines of the Argar. A Bronze Age Culture in Alicante](https://historylab.es/in-the-confines-of-the-argar-a-bronze-age-culture-in-alicante/) - On metallurgy and mineral exploitation.
- [The Etruscans. The dawn of Rome](https://historylab.es/the-etruscans-the-dawn-of-rome/) - Reference to the exploitation of iron. Brief information on the spread of vines and olives and the wine trade.
- [Deltebre I. The story of a shipwreck](https://historylab.es/deltebre-i-the-story-of-a-shipwreck/) - He talks about wine.
- [The secret of clay](https://historylab.es/the-secret-of-clay/) - The role of ceramics.
- [Iran. Cradle of civilisations](https://historylab.es/iran-cradle-of-civilisations/) - Section on writing.
- [Light of Rome. Roman lanterns](https://historylab.es/light-of-rome-roman-lanterns/) - On lighting control.
- [Nika Rebellion](https://historylab.es/nika-rebellion/) - Written source
- [Description of a Roman villa](https://historylab.es/description-of-a-roman-villa/) - Written source
- [Women in the koran](https://historylab.es/women-in-the-koran/) - Written source
- [The patrician woman](https://historylab.es/the-patrician-woman/) - Written source
- [Opinion about the Suffragettes](https://historylab.es/opinion-about-the-suffragettes/) - Written source
- [The Salt Kingdom. 7000 years of Hallstatt history](https://historylab.es/the-salt-kingdom-7000-years-of-hallstatt-history/) - Salt mining in Central Europe.
- [Opinion about Teodora](https://historylab.es/opinion-about-teodora/) - Written source
- [Pollentia banner](https://historylab.es/pollentia-banner/) - Origin and development of inequality and social stratification (civil organisations related to the imperial cult). Belonging to a local youth association, this banner is unique in Hispania and exceptional in the Roman Empire. The collegia iuvenum had a civic-religious character associated with the imperial cult.
- [Laws of Osuna. The power of the law](https://historylab.es/laws-of-osuna-the-power-of-the-law/) - Origin and development of inequality and social stratification (law and concept of citizenship. Imperial power). One of the great legacies that Rome left to Western civilisation was Roman Law, a set of written legal rules, of a public and secular nature, which for centuries governed the political institutions and the public and private relations of the inhabitants of the Empire, regulating civic coexistence, as can be seen in the municipal laws of Osuna.
- [Roman blown glass bottle. An ancient material, a new technology](https://historylab.es/roman-blown-glass-bottle-an-ancient-material-a-new-technology/) - Technological revolutions and work organisation. Technology and social improvements. Glass was the preferred material in Roman times for containing drinks, especially wine, as may have been the case with this bottle for table service. It is a clear example of the transformation of an ancient material, glass, considered a luxury product, into a popular and easily accessible one thanks to the new blowing technique.
- [Sculpture of the Roman Emperor Tiberius. The creation of a universal empire](https://historylab.es/sculpture-of-the-roman-emperor-tiberius-the-creation-of-a-universal-empire/) - What is Europe? European Spaces of Antiquity (This concept of political, social, economic and cultural unity will be the seed of our current EU and international institutions) In the 1st century AD, Rome had given birth to a powerful empire that covered a large part of the known world in Antiquity. The extension of its culture, civilisation, language and customs into these territories enabled it to exploit them more easily and to exercise its power. Their imprint was so strong that it has endured to the present day in many aspects of our culture. The emperors, including Tiberius, to whom this sculpture belongs, were the great architects of this Empire.
- [Set of tools from the trousseau of Fuentespreadas. Production in a Late Roman villa](https://historylab.es/set-of-tools-from-the-trousseau-of-fuentespreadas-production-in-a-late-roman-villa/) - The study of this set of iron tools provides fundamental information for understanding the complexity of economic activity in a Late Roman villa. The villas of the Republican and High Imperial periods formed the basis of agricultural exploitation and were an essential part of supplying the cities.
- [The Roman urban house and its furnishings](https://historylab.es/the-roman-urban-house-and-its-furnishings/) - The structure of an urban dwelling reflects the diversity of activities, as well as social and economic differences: the amenities of the house express the social status of its owner. The most characteristic house models are two: the domus or single-family mansion and the insula or block of neighbours.
- [The Roman rural house. The mosaic of the Muses](https://historylab.es/the-roman-rural-house-the-mosaic-of-the-muses/) - From the 4th century AD, the great landowner, the dominus, abandoned the urban centres and settled in the countryside. At the same time, many citizens moved to the villages in search of work and a system of colonato was created.
- [The Larean Gods](https://historylab.es/the-larean-gods/) - The space for family sociability in Europe. The lararium, or Roman family altar, brought together the images of the Lares and the Penates, divinities who were the protectors of the household and were worshipped in the home. Its study brings us closer to an essential manifestation of the daily religious practice of the Romans, the religiosity developed inside the home.
- [Roman Mortero](https://historylab.es/roman-mortero/) - In the Roman kitchen, a wide variety of vessels and utensils were used, made of clay, bronze or iron, whose design, in some cases, does not differ much from today's. The Latin mortarium or mortar is one of the most characteristic vessels in the Roman kitchen as it is essential for culinary preparations. The Latin mortar or mortarium is one of the most characteristic vessels of the Roman kitchen as it is essential for culinary preparations.
- [Roman mug](https://historylab.es/roman-mug/) - Food in Ancient Rome. The space for family sociability in Europe (the triclinium and banquets).
- [Production and consumption of wine and garum in Roman Hispania](https://historylab.es/production-and-consumption-of-wine-and-garum-in-roman-hispania/) - Food. This paper presents the research and physical reproduction process followed by the Baetica and Flor de Garum teams (made up of researchers from the University of Cadiz and the University of Seville), aimed at obtaining these foods, which formed part of the diet of Roman society.
- [Terra sigillata Hispanic mould](https://historylab.es/terra-sigillata-hispanic-mould/) - The use of the mould for the production of this type of pottery raised its production to industrial levels. Roman ceramics, in general, and terra sigillata, in particular, are revealed to us as a highly active industry, the result of which is a very high level of production covering a wide range of typologies. The owners of the industries were usually great lords (domini) who owned large estates. These centres were run by foremen. Generally freedmen of the owner, they organised and controlled production. The workforce was mainly slave labour, with an abundance of women and children.
- [The Roman quarry of El Mèdol (Tarragona): an interdisciplinary and comprehensive study of the exploitation and supply of stone material](https://historylab.es/the-roman-quarry-of-el-medol-tarragona-an-interdisciplinary-and-comprehensive-study-of-the-exploitation-and-supply-of-stone-material/) - Causes of the degradation of the landscape. Of the many quarries that dot the territory of the ancient Roman city of Tarraco (now Tarragona, Catalonia), the quarry of El Mèdol stands out. The main supplier of stone material for the construction and monumentalisation of the city, this quarry has been admired since ancient times for its spectacular nature, its special configuration in depth and the central pinnacle known as the Needle, and its importance within the heritage of Tarragona was recognised with its declaration as an Artistic-Historical Monument (1934), BIC (1985), BCIN and, more recently, World Heritage Site by UNESCO (2000).
- [Vikings. Warriors of the North, giants of the sea](https://historylab.es/vikings-warriors-of-the-north-giants-of-the-sea/) - On European populations and peoples' movements.
- [La Pobla de Ifach. The forging of a kingdom](https://historylab.es/la-pobla-de-ifach-the-forging-of-a-kingdom/) - On the foundation of a medieval town centre.
- [The Treasure of the Barbarians](https://historylab.es/the-treasure-of-the-barbarians/) - On European populations and peoples' movements.
- [MARQ Teaching Guide for Secondary 6. Modern and Contemporary Ages](https://historylab.es/marq-teaching-guide-for-secondary-6-modern-and-contemporary-ages/) - On social classes in the Middle Ages.
- [Greek traces in Iberian Contestania](https://historylab.es/greek-traces-in-iberian-contestania/) - On material and technological differences between Iberians and Greeks.
- [Civitas. The Hispano-Roman city](https://historylab.es/civitas-the-hispano-roman-city/) - Audiovisual introduction to the urban world in Roman Hispania. Visual image of urban and monumental development
- [MARQ Teaching Guide for Secondary 5. Middle Ages](https://historylab.es/marq-teaching-guide-for-secondary-5-middle-ages/) - On social stratification and social classes in the Middle Ages.
- [Pompelo: Genesis and evolution of a Roman city](https://historylab.es/pompelo-genesis-and-evolution-of-a-roman-city/) - The gestation of the Roman city from its foundation on a primitive Vascon settlement and its urban transformation over the centuries will be analysed. The different historical events led to urban development impulses that have left a deep archaeological trace in the subsoil that allows us to identify the different stages of this city.
- [Pompelo: Genesis and evolution of a Roman city](https://historylab.es/pompelo-genesis-and-evolution-of-a-roman-city/) - The gestation of the Roman city from its foundation on a primitive Vascon settlement and its urban transformation over the centuries will be analysed. The different historical events led to urban development impulses that have left a deep archaeological trace in the subsoil that allows us to identify the different stages of this city.
- [The women who built Rome](https://historylab.es/the-women-who-built-rome/) - There is no doubt that, in the history of humanity, women have played a leading role, ignored or despised, which we are gradually discovering and highlighting.
- [The Roman and Late Antique mining and metallurgical centre of the Cerro de los Almadenes (Otero de Herreros, Segovia)](https://historylab.es/the-roman-and-late-antique-mining-and-metallurgical-centre-of-the-cerro-de-los-almadenes-otero-de-herreros-segovia/) - The mining-metallurgical centre of Cerro de los Almadenes is located southwest of the village of Otero de Herreros and since 2009 several members of the Spanish Society for the History of Archaeology (SEHA) have been excavating at this site. The archaeological work has located copper mines and a battery of ore reduction furnaces of a type hitherto unknown on the peninsula. The excavations have documented structures and materials dating mainly from the Late Republican, High-Imperial and Late Antique periods, although there are also remains from the 6th century BC. Monetary finds and the sculpture of a seated lady with her head removed also stand out.
- [Roman nurseries and Villae Maritimae in Hispania](https://historylab.es/roman-nurseries-and-villae-maritimae-in-hispania/) - In this conference we will deal with a series of Roman constructions that until now have not been analysed with the attention they deserve and therefore have not been well interpreted. The most recognisable remains of these, excavated in the coastal rock, can be found in the northern half of the Alicante coast in the towns of Jávea, Calpe, El Campello and Alicante (the latter next to the Roman city of Lucentum). A new installation of this type has also recently been proposed at Cape Trafalgar (Cádiz), although with less obvious remains than those in Alicante. Numerous nurseries are scattered along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea and there is very little evidence of both types of constructions in the same place. In reality, most of the nurseries were part of sumptuous maritime villas, an element that made them stand out as an expression of maximum luxury and ostentation. The scarcity and uniqueness of these Roman constructions on the Iberian Peninsula, even with their remarkable monumentality and almost all of them grouped together in a very specific stretch of the Spanish Mediterranean coast, are strong arguments for proposing measures for their conservation. In recent years we have witnessed the partial destruction of some nurseries in El Campello due to marine erosion and others, for the same reason, are in danger of disappearing.
- [The great Corduba-Emerita road, the territory and the exploitation of the gold-bearing heart of the conventus Cordubensis](https://historylab.es/the-great-corduba-emerita-road-the-territory-and-the-exploitation-of-the-gold-bearing-heart-of-the-conventus-cordubensis/) - Through various national and regional research projects, the "Ager Mellariensis" team of the University of Cordoba (www.uco.es/mellaria) has documented several kilometres of the great connecting artery between Cordoba and Merida as it passes through the territory of Cordoba and Mellaria. This road was the evacuation channel for the wealth of the famed gold-producing land of Córdoba. Thus, a series of major and minor settlements and production complexes were set up around its course. We begin to glimpse the structure that allowed the financial power of the capital of Baetica in the powerful mining district of which it was a reference point.
- [The Roman city of Regina](https://historylab.es/the-roman-city-of-regina/) - The Roman city of Regina is currently located in the vicinity of the municipality of Casas de Reina, a small town near Llerena, in the south of the province of Badajoz. In ancient times it was in the province of Baetica, attached to the conventus Cordubensis. Neither the mining wealth of the area, nor its important strategic location, an important pass towards the Vegas del Guadiana, went unnoticed by the Romans. After the first skirmishes with the indigenous tribes and, above all, with the Lusitanian bands, the Romans erected a first settlement to control the territory at Cerro de las Nieves. With the pax Augusta, as happened in other towns, the high ground was abandoned and the city was built on the plain. A city devoted to mining, it exercised administrative control over a large territory. As a result of this prosperous activity, in the time of Vespasian, it was granted the legal status of municipium.
- [1st Food History Conference. 600 quintals: the historical weight of a journey around the world](https://historylab.es/1st-food-history-conference-600-quintals-the-historical-weight-of-a-journey-around-the-world/) - The first edition of this Congress dedicated specifically to the history and culture of the world of food has the slogan "Spices, sailors and civilisation", focusing on the theme of the V Centenary of the first round-the-world voyage, although not exclusively, as other aspects such as food in ancient Egypt and Rome will also be included. The conference is part of the project "600 quintals: the historical weight of a voyage around the world" *, which aims to disseminate the historical context, and other aspects such as music, literature and food of an era coinciding with the voyage of exploration and discovery that Magellan and Elcano undertook. A voyage that changed the world forever and that, in a way, was the beginning of what we now call "globalisation". Thus, the commemoration of the V Centenary is the recognition of a feat that facilitated the circulation and exchange of different foods, ideas and arts around the planet. * 600 quintals" was the cargo of spices that the ship Victoria, the vessel that completed the first round-the-world voyage, transported to Seville at the end of its voyage (1522).
- [The Roman villa as a project of power: from Romanticism to archaeological interpretation](https://historylab.es/the-roman-villa-as-a-project-of-power-from-romanticism-to-archaeological-interpretation/) - André Carneiro (University of Évora) IX Lusitania International Round Table. Roman Lusitania: from past to present research.
- [Gold mining and land exploitation in Lusitania: state of research](https://historylab.es/gold-mining-and-land-exploitation-in-lusitania-state-of-research/) - Francisco Javier Sánchez-Palencia (Institute of History, CCHS of the CSIC). IX Lusitania International Round Table. Roman Lusitania: from past to present research.
- [Encounters with female images in Iberia](https://historylab.es/encounters-with-female-images-in-iberia/) - Our intention with this Study Day is to offer some insight into the dialogue between the Greek world and the Iberian sphere. Let us recall the magnificent images, including female ones, which the Iberians bought, looked at and integrated into their tombs, houses and sanctuaries. These images, signs of status, may or may not have been assimilated into the Iberian iconographic language. On this occasion, we will deal with the various questions that these contacts raise in current research.
- [Soul: between science and religion](https://historylab.es/soul-between-science-and-religion/) - The purpose of the seminar is to address the concept of the soul in different areas of the ancient world -Greece, India and Egypt- and in different contexts -literary, philosophical, religious- based on the analysis of written and iconographic sources. The seminar is aimed at high school and university students and the general public. Each participant will have a 15-minute presentation followed by a brief discussion. This will be followed by a guided tour of various pieces in the Museum that illustrate the passage of the deceased to the Afterlife.
- [Roman clay plaque. The power of the dominus (on the web: pdf and video)](https://historylab.es/roman-clay-plaque-the-power-of-the-dominus-on-the-web-pdf-and-video/) - Origin and development of inequality and social stratification. The Villafranca de los Barros tegula is one of the most unique epigraphic testimonies of late Roman times. It is the only known example of an epistle written in Latin that was reproduced in the still-fresh clay of a roof tile. The text informs us about the organisation of the agricultural holdings of the Late Roman Empire, the so-called Roman villas, as well as the living conditions of those who managed and ran them.
- [Stele depicting a child](https://historylab.es/stele-depicting-a-child/) - Mining. Degradation of the landscape. Work organisation. Social inequalities. Slavery.
- [Culinary technology in High Imperial Roman gastronomy](https://historylab.es/culinary-technology-in-high-imperial-roman-gastronomy/) - The Food Technology and Engineering Research Group of the University of Cadiz and the "From Turdetania to Baetica" research group of the University of Seville offer the public the opportunity to learn about the production methods of some of the most common foods of high Imperial Roman gastronomy, such as wine, salted fish and garum.
- [Lapis specularis. The crystal mines of the Roman Empire](https://historylab.es/lapis-specularis-the-crystal-mines-of-the-roman-empire/) - The Roman mining of lapis specularis played an important role in the early Empire, during the 1st and early 2nd centuries AD, among the lapidary materials demanded and incorporated into the architectural programmes implemented, especially in the cities, due to the need for large windows that would allow light and sunlight to pass through, also allowing the exterior to be seen and ensuring climatic comfort. It was at this juncture that specular gypsum made its place as one of the best materials that met the required characteristics, and where the glass mines of Hispania, with greater production, and with a mineral of higher quality and transparency than those of other areas, would impose themselves on the markets, making this resource a versatile and essential product in many of its applications.
- [From the Neanderthal to the supermarket. Diet and Cultural Evolution (Cycle 2018)](https://historylab.es/from-the-neanderthal-to-the-supermarket-diet-and-cultural-evolution-cycle-2018/) - Few things define human beings better than the way they feed themselves. In fact, what was once a primary need (to eat was to live) has become an activity that has transformed a large part of the planet's landscapes, has selected and promoted animal and plant species, has created an immense diversity and cultural, technological and economic wealth around it.. What's more, eating gives us pleasure just by imagining it... and it can also contribute to or damage our health, depending on our choice. Eating brings us together around a table. It nourishes our bodies and, at the same time, our society. From the Neanderthal to the supermarket is a series of conferences whose aim is to show what we ate from prehistoric times to what we eat today. A tasty journey that runs parallel to our history and civilisation.
- [Roman hydraulic pump. Mechanical devices for the exploitation of the environment](https://historylab.es/roman-hydraulic-pump-mechanical-devices-for-the-exploitation-of-the-environment/) - Landscape degradation and the development of environmental movements in the history of Europe. Mining. The hydraulic pump was a mechanical device invented by Ctesibius of Alexandria in the 3rd century BC, which had one of its practical applications in the systematic exploitation of Roman mines. The conceptual complexity of its form and use demonstrates the progress of human beings in complex reasoning and, with it, their better disposition to exploit the environment.
- [The mosaic of the Muses of the Villa de Arellano. The villa, an autarchic space](https://historylab.es/the-mosaic-of-the-muses-of-the-villa-de-arellano-the-villa-an-autarchic-space/) - With the abandonment of the cities in the Late Roman period, the rural villa became a self-sufficient centre of production and consumption thanks to a wide variety of economic activities. Its owner, the dominus, exercised economic, social, military and religious power over the people who lived there and reflected his ideology and intellectual activity in the decorative motifs of the various rooms, as can be seen in this mosaic, which probably belonged to a dominus involved in the arts.
- [Roman clay plaque. The power of the dominus](https://historylab.es/roman-clay-plaque-the-power-of-the-dominus/) - Origin and development of inequality and social stratification. The Villafranca de los Barros tegula is one of the most unique epigraphic testimonies of late Roman times. It is the only known example of an epistle written in Latin that was reproduced in the clay, still fresh, of a roof tile. The text informs us about the organisation of the agricultural holdings of the Late Roman Empire, the so-called Roman villas, as well as the living conditions of those who managed and ran them.
- [Iliturgi: from Scipio's siege to Ianus Augustus, the history of a territory](https://historylab.es/iliturgi-from-scipios-siege-to-ianus-augustus-the-history-of-a-territory/) - The Project of Excellence Methodology for the archaeological study of battlefields and sieges in the context of the Second Punic War: Metauro, Iliturgi and Castulo (207/206 BC) (HAR2016-77847-P), aims to address, among other case studies, the archaeological analysis of the Iberian oppidum of Iliturgi and its leading role in the Second Punic War. Iliturgi and its territory become a laboratory to contrast different models of historical-archaeological interpretation proposed for other Iberian oppida and territories of the Upper Guadalquivir. This research project aims to provide a novel reading of a specific territory, a reading that takes into account recent theoretical models that consider the complexity of the dialectic established between the conqueror and the conquered, the models of resistance, transformation, acceptance, imitation, emulation, hybridisation... that will lay the foundations for subsequent Romanisation, understood as a heterogeneous and local form of adaptive response to the new cultural, social, political and economic circumstances.
- [Neapolis of Emporion](https://historylab.es/neapolis-of-emporion/) - The archaeological excavations carried out over the last decade in different sectors of the Neapolis have considerably renewed and expanded our knowledge of the early stages of the Greek emporium. The work carried out in the central area of the city, in the agoraestoa sector and also in the northwest area, has provided new data on the urban planning and urban configuration of the 6th-5th centuries BC, as well as on the connection between the city and the ancient natural harbour that extended between the Neapolis and the foundational nucleus of the Palaia Polis. The launch of a new archaeological research project (2018-2021) focused on the study of the port areas of Emporion, which includes the excavation of the port district of the Neapolis and the structures currently preserved on the coastal façade, as well as various prospecting and geological surveys, is an excellent opportunity to renew the current historical discourse and to propose new hypotheses for future work.
- [The archaeological site of Medellín (Badajoz): past, present and future of one of the oldest towns in Extremadura](https://historylab.es/the-archaeological-site-of-medellin-badajoz-past-present-and-future-of-one-of-the-oldest-towns-in-extremadura/) - The town of Medellín in Badajoz is currently one of the most important archaeological sites in Extremadura. The first archaeological excavation campaign was carried out in 1969. Since then, considerable progress has been made in the knowledge of the diachrony of occupation of this enclave, with prehistoric, Oriental, Roman, Muslim, Christian and modern-contemporary remains being documented. The archaeological work carried out in recent years has made it possible to transform the abandoned ruins of the Roman theatre of Metellinum into one of the main monuments of this autonomous community. Also, the declaration of Medellín as an Asset of Cultural Interest has made it necessary to carry out archaeological interventions in the works being carried out in that town, and this has made it possible to locate other important archaeological remains of which their existence was unknown.
- [Security in cities: security guards, police and firefighters](https://historylab.es/security-in-cities-security-guards-police-and-firefighters/) - Miguel Ángel Novillo López. Assistant Professor of the Department of Ancient History. UNED. UNED Summer Course. "Roma vivet: Inheritance and survival of ancient Rome".
- [Legibus vivere: law as a rule of coexistence](https://historylab.es/legibus-vivere-law-as-a-rule-of-coexistence/) - Remedios Morán Martín. Professor of History of Law. UNED. UNED Summer Course. "Roma vivet: Inheritance and survival of ancient Rome".
- [The Romans already did that! Uses, customs and traditions from ancient Rome to the present day](https://historylab.es/the-romans-already-did-that-uses-customs-and-traditions-from-ancient-rome-to-the-present-day/) - Ancient Rome has provided two great legacies to today's world: public works and law. But alongside these are an infinite number of lesser legacies, many of which we are not even aware exist.
- [Idomeneo, the tragic reflection of the hero](https://historylab.es/idomeneo-the-tragic-reflection-of-the-hero/) - It was never easy to return from Troy! After nine years of fierce fighting, the valiant Idomeneo, King of Crete, son of Deucalion and grandson of Minos, will meet his terrible fate on his return to the island, as he will be the cause of his son's death. The myth will know different versions and will go beyond the frontiers of antiquity until it reaches the 18th century, where numerous recreations will take place, including Mozart's famous opera, Idomeneo, premiered in 1781.
- [Culture with C for Cosmos (C^3)](https://historylab.es/culture-with-c-for-cosmos-c3/) - Cycle of conferences whose aim is to disseminate astronomy through initiatives in numerous cultural entities in Madrid, disseminating their collections and promoting meetings and communication between the different areas of knowledge.
- [The presence of the Roman Republican army in Iberian Contestania. Territorial strategy and maritime control](https://historylab.es/the-presence-of-the-roman-republican-army-in-iberian-contestania-territorial-strategy-and-maritime-control/) - The conference presents the final results of two consecutive research projects HAR2009-11334, El desarrollo de las guerras civiles romanas y la transformación del mundo indígena en el sureste de Hispania, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, and HAR2012-32754, Las huellas de las guerras civiles romanas en el sureste de Hispania. Conflicts and cultural transformation, funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. A series of enclaves located on the north coast of Alicante, considered to be small Iberian settlements from the final phase, 2nd-1st centuries BC, which are now identified as small forts of the Roman civil wars built by the Sertorian army around 77 BC, are reviewed. The analysis of their location in relation to the geographical and maritime environment confirms that they constituted an intercommunicated network, with great effectiveness in the strategy of controlling the traffic of the Senatorial ships off the Alicante coast on their way from Ebusus to Carthago Nova and, if necessary, the assault on them, aided by the Cilician pirate fleet to stockpile the products they were transporting. At the same time, the garrisons stationed in these forts would complete their supplies with products derived from the economic activity of the Iberian population in the interior of the valleys, where they would even provide themselves with auxiliary soldiers. This confirms the alliance of the Iberian Contestans with Sertorius, as recorded by Titus Livy in Periocha XCI. Thus, in contrast to the traditional discourse based on the silence of the written sources, the archaeological data show that the south-eastern area of the peninsula, and the province of Alicante in particular, played an important role in the territorial and maritime strategy of the Roman civil conflicts in Hispania.
- [Touring the Empire: The Antoninian Itinerary](https://historylab.es/touring-the-empire-the-antoninian-itinerary/) - Angel Morillo. Professor of Archeology. MCU. UNED Summer Course. "Roma vivet: Inheritance and survival of ancient Rome".
- [Building a city. The Vitruvian canons](https://historylab.es/building-a-city-the-vitruvian-canons/) - Jacobo Storch. Professor of Archaeology. UCM. UNED Summer Course. "Roma vivet: Inheritance and survival of ancient Rome".
- [Places to live: insulae, domus, villae](https://historylab.es/places-to-live-insulae-domus-villae/) - Milagros Moro Ipola. Lecturer Tutor of Ancient History. UNED-Valencia. UNED Summer Course. "Roma vivet: Inheritance and survival of ancient Rome".
- [Only citizens vote: citizens, clients, pilgrims and slaves](https://historylab.es/only-citizens-vote-citizens-clients-pilgrims-and-slaves/) - Javier Cabrero Piquero. Director of the Department of Ancient History. Lecturer. UNED. UNED Summer Course. "Roma vivet: Inheritance and survival of ancient Rome".
- [Remember Me: Beyond Death](https://historylab.es/remember-me-beyond-death/) - Pilar Fernández Uriel. Professor Emeritus of Ancient History. UNED. UNED Summer Course. "Roma vivet: Inheritance and survival of Ancient Rome".
- [The Moon in culture](https://historylab.es/the-moon-in-culture/) - Our satellite is an integral part of our culture, an inexhaustible source of mythology and symbolism, and has also been fundamental to the advancement of science. From synergy comes knowledge: the only way for the Babylonian eclipse lists to make sense is to accept that the days in 500 BC were shorter than they are today. The clay markings of an ancient civilisation contain extremely precise astronomical information that we know how to interpret because we have placed scientific instruments on the surface of the Moon. No other celestial body is so ubiquitous in human cultures. They have all named it after themselves (Diana, Artemis, Thoth, Chandra, Chang'e, Nanna). The Moon will take us by the hand on this journey of human cultures with scientific knowledge.
- [Life and customs of the ancient Romans](https://historylab.es/life-and-customs-of-the-ancient-romans/) - Rome has left a strong influence on today's world, and modern society is undoubtedly indebted to ancient Rome: the ways of accessing and using power; public services; medicine; forms of entertainment; eating habits, etc. These are all aspects that have left their mark on our society. Over the course of eight lectures, we will look at some of these aspects of the life and customs of the ancient Romans. The upbringing and education of children, the toys and games of chance that the Romans were so fond of, food, jewellery, clothing, places of worship, the organisation of time, political participation and health. All these aspects were part of a society that marked the history of Europe and the world.
- [Between Iberians and Romans in the south of Cordoba: new research in Igabrum (Cabra) and Ulia (Montemayor)](https://historylab.es/between-iberians-and-romans-in-the-south-of-cordoba-new-research-in-igabrum-cabra-and-ulia-montemayor/) - The discovery and excavation of an Iberian monumental aristocratic complex near Cabra, the remains of a Caesarian battlefield in Montemayor, and the burial of an Iberian chariot of the 'bastetano' type in this municipality are opening new perspectives on the Iberian Culture in the Cordovan countryside and the process of Roman conquest between the end of the 3rd and middle of the 1st century BC, all within the framework of the project 'Iberian cities and aristocratic complexes in the Roman conquest of Upper Andalusia' (HAR 2017-8806-P). I century BC, all within the framework of the project 'Iberian cities and aristocratic complexes in the Roman conquest of Upper Andalusia' (HAR 2017-82806-P).
- [Sisapo, capital of ancient cinnabar](https://historylab.es/sisapo-capital-of-ancient-cinnabar/) - The town of Sisapo, identified with the site of La Bienvenida (Ciudad Real), is part of a systematic research project that has been underway for more than three decades. In addition to its intrinsic interest as a thriving centre since its foundation at the end of the Late Bronze Age, it is also a mining capital that managed the cinnabar and silver resources of the rich northern regions of Sierra Morena in Roman times.
- [A narrative in continuous transformation: a decade of research by the Romanarmy collective on the Roman conquest of the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula](https://historylab.es/a-narrative-in-continuous-transformation-a-decade-of-research-by-the-romanarmy-collective-on-the-roman-conquest-of-the-northwest-of-the-iberian-peninsula/) - In recent decades, archaeology has witnessed an interesting process of methodological renewal related to the incorporation of numerous digital tools and resources. To the growing use of geographic information technologies (GIT) or geospatial data available in open access (aerial photography, satellite images, LiDAR), we must add the extension of new technical equipment -such as drones- and the remarkable progress experienced by the so-called archaeological sciences -geophysical methods, palaeoenvironmental analysis, dating systems, etc.-. The Romanarmy collective has experienced these changes at the forefront of research, incorporating them into our methodology with the aim of better understanding the impact of the extension of the Roman state on the diverse archaeological landscapes of northwestern Iberia. The voluminous information obtained now allows us to overcome the old narratives about this phenomenon -excessively based on Greco-Latin sources- and to propose new interpretative models. This archaeology of the new millennium cannot focus solely on the study of the Roman army as an agent of change, but must also analyse the role played by the indigenous communities, which retained a certain decision-making capacity in the process.
- [The Roman villa of Noheda. The triclinar hall and its mosaics](https://historylab.es/the-roman-villa-of-noheda-the-triclinar-hall-and-its-mosaics/) - The Roman villa of Noheda is located in the town of Villar de Domingo García (Cuenca-Spain). Among its structures is the imposing triclinium of trichora morphology, which measures 290.64 m2. It is in this room that an exceptional mosaic has been preserved, measuring 231.62 m2, made mostly with opus vermiculatum based on tesserae of up to 1.5 mm in a very varied chromatic range. The ornamental morphology of this floor consists, on the one hand, of a large rectangular area that fits the main space of the room, where more than a hundred figures - some life-size - are profusely arranged in scenic groups, distributed in the space between a wide band of acanthus leaves and the fountain that occupies the centre of the room. The figurative paintings are arranged in six independent but interrelated rectangular strips, with themes of mythological allegories, depictions of various ludi and allusions to literary and theatrical genres, which underlines their originality.
- [The Asturian-Cantabrian wars](https://historylab.es/the-asturian-cantabrian-wars/) - This book is about the war that the emperor Octavian Augustus waged to conquer the northern territories of the Iberian Peninsula in the 1st century BC. The campaigns against the Asturs and Cantabrians took place on a large scale over the course of a decade in the mountainous territories of the Cantabrian Sea. In the late 20th century, some archaeological sites that had been part of this conflict began to be located. This has been one of the most important archaeological discoveries of recent times. The surveys and excavations carried out in the last two decades have made it possible to begin to document these military campaigns through archaeology and to write a part of history that was unknown to us. This book brings together the main contributions presented at the First Archaeological Meeting held in Gijón in October 2014 and its most outstanding value is that the works collected are the result of archaeological interventions.
- [Gender and sexuality in Ancient Greece](https://historylab.es/gender-and-sexuality-in-ancient-greece/) - International Museum Day. Museums for equality: diversity and inclusion. All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights and, endowed with reason and conscience, should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948) Human beings are equal but also very diverse: different backgrounds, ethnicity, gender, language, beliefs, culture... It seems that this diversity has often separated and set us against each other instead of being a source of richness and mutual understanding. The pieces in the Museum are an expression of different eras and cultures. We invite you to discover in these videos some aspects related to diversity in some of them. History can thus be a starting point for reflecting on these same issues in our present.
- [Violence against women in Ancient Rome](https://historylab.es/violence-against-women-in-ancient-rome/) - Violence against women is a social scourge of such magnitude that for decades numerous social movements, legislative advances and public policies have been developed to eradicate it. Although the abuse is committed in the home, it is necessary to visualise the role of women in history, to reflect the leading role they played in antiquity, "and to fill in the blank of the paper of the books that have always told the other side". The history of Roman women has always been told by men, who labelled women's behaviour in accordance with patriarchal customs as fury.
- [Corrupta Roma](https://historylab.es/corrupta-roma/) - On the occasion of the publication of the book Corrupta Roma, by Dr. Pedro Ángel Fernández-Vega, the Museum is organising a round table discussion that will offer a portrait of corruption in ancient Rome and the mechanisms that dealt with it. Bribes, influence peddling, misappropriation, electoral scuffles between political factions, elections won with votes bought in the circus, trials of dubious impartiality... Woven into networks of patronage that linked business groups with the political class, corruption emerged in the form of scandals, as it became endemic in the system. "Those who steal from a private individual spend their lives between handcuffs and shackles; those who steal from the state, between gold and purple" (Marcus Porcius Cato).
- [Soror. Women in Rome](https://historylab.es/soror-women-in-rome/) - did you know that Roman women did not have their own names like men, and that all the sisters of the same family were called the same, just by their surname? Or that they were incorporated into the labour market in traditionally "male" professions such as blacksmiths, bricklayers or shipwrights? Coinciding with the premiere on Movistar+ of the series El corazón del Imperio, created by Santiago Posteguillo and starring Aitana Sánchez-Gijón, we invite you to attend this round table discussion on the history of women in Rome with the participation of Patricia González Gutiérrez, author of the book Soror. Women in Rome, Israel del Santo, director of The Heart of the Empire, Sandra Escacena, actress of The Heart of the Empire and the journalist and author Elisa McCausland.
- [Bacchanals. Myth, sex and witch-hunting](https://historylab.es/bacchanals-myth-sex-and-witch-hunting/) - Bacchanals, a term with unmistakable resonances, a historical cliché with a solid foundation, but is it plausible? Nothing so Roman in the collective imagination as degenerate emperors and unbridled orgies... and yet bacchanals were rituals, ceremonies of worship to Bacchus, a god of salvation, offering hope of life after death. So what was the truth behind the great Bacchanalia scandal? In 186 BC the Senate of Rome and the consuls launched a persecution against the followers of Bacchus, which became the first witch-hunt in the West. The unquestionable fact presents more shadows than light: did the Roman matrons lose their precious virtue by indulging in sex? Did the Roman adolescents immolate their virility in honour of Dionysus? Or was there fear in Rome of a pagan sect of mystical rites that would jeopardise the social foundations of the nascent Empire? Did the Bacchantes really hatch a conspiracy?
- [Women in Augustan times](https://historylab.es/women-in-augustan-times/) - On the occasion of the presentation of the book, Women in Augustan times. Realidad social e imposición legal (Tirant 2016), the Museum is organising a round table discussion on different aspects related to women in this period of Ancient Rome. On the occasion of the international commemoration of the bimillenary of the death of Augustus in 2014, various activities were held that took as a common thread the interdisciplinary treatment of women in the saeculum augustum. This monograph is forged in that specific context; thus, from the fields of Roman Law, History of Law, Literature, Ancient and Medieval History, Archaeology and History of Art, it brings together various research works on real women in the temporal and political frontier where two centuries, two systems of power converge: the Republic and the Empire, and two models of morality. Roman women, admired, reviled or forgotten, spanning practically the span of a century, with the common denominator of their strong personalities and high cultural level; women who, according to the terminology of gender discourse, felt "empowered".
- [From the Mediterranean to the Atlantic: the Port of Rome and the Globalisation of Maritime Trade](https://historylab.es/from-the-mediterranean-to-the-atlantic-the-port-of-rome-and-the-globalisation-of-maritime-trade/) - Dr. Simon Keay (University of Southampton). Cycle "Dialogues with the classical world", September 6 to December 20, 2017.
- [Roman Luxuria. The atmosphere at Emperor Hadrian's court](https://historylab.es/roman-luxuria-the-atmosphere-at-emperor-hadrians-court/) - Dra. Anna María Reggiani (Ministero dei Beni ed Attivitá Culturali). Cycle "Dialogues with the classical world", September 6 to December 20, 2017.
- [Roman women's participation in civic life. Much more than empresses and matrons](https://historylab.es/roman-womens-participation-in-civic-life-much-more-than-empresses-and-matrons/) - Dra. Francesca Cenerini (Università di Bologna). Cycle "Dialogues with the classical world", September 6 to December 20, 2017.
- [Capital and labour in the Roman world: the example of the mines](https://historylab.es/capital-and-labour-in-the-roman-world-the-example-of-the-mines/) - Cycle "Dialogues with the classical world", September 6 to December 20, 2017.
- [Blood in the arena. Between competition and mass spectacle in the Roman world](https://historylab.es/blood-in-the-arena-between-competition-and-mass-spectacle-in-the-roman-world/) - Dra. Silvia Orlandi (Sapienza, Università di Roma). Cycle "Dialogues with the classical world", September 6 to December 20, 2017.
- [The gold of Tresminas (Cultural landscape and Roman mining technology)](https://historylab.es/the-gold-of-tresminas-cultural-landscape-and-roman-mining-technology/) - The Tresminas mining area is one of the most spectacular cultural landscapes in northwest Hispania. About 2000 years ago, a detachment of one of the powerful Roman legions settled in the Serra da Pradela to organise and control the large-scale gold mining of Tresminas and Jales (Vila Pouca de Aguiar, Vila Real, Portugal). The spectacular traces of this exploitation can still be seen at Tresminas: two large mining cuttings (Covas and Ribeirinha) and a smaller one (Lagoinhos), as well as deep galleries dug mainly to allow the treatment and evacuation of all the extracted rock and an extensive network of water supply channels for the mines, which start in dams and end in storage reservoirs. Galeria dos Alargamentos There are also enormous dumps that fill the valleys and one of the most characteristic elements of this mining area: a large number of granite pestle and mortar mills used in the final grinding of the ore. But there also remain important testimonies of the men and women who lived and worked in Tresminas, and who died there in the first two centuries of our Era. As a result of the activity carried out there for more than 200 years, these gold mines have become one of the most important in the entire Roman Empire. Today, the gold mining territory of Tresminas, being the most complex and best preserved and extending over several kilometres, is the most important in Roman Portugal.
- [Carthago Nova: archaeology and heritage of a Mediterranean metropolis](https://historylab.es/carthago-nova-archaeology-and-heritage-of-a-mediterranean-metropolis/) - Cultural and archaeological heritage of Cartagena, particularly from the Roman period.
- [Rome and us. How to understand Roman heritage in our time](https://historylab.es/rome-and-us-how-to-understand-roman-heritage-in-our-time/) - Lecture by Dr. Mary Beard (University of Cambridge), presented by Prof. Carmen Fernández Ochoa (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) and Dr. Javier Salido Domínguez (Universidad Complutense de Madrid), first in the series "Dialogues with the Classical World".
- [In the shadow of the camps: coexistence and social relations between the army and civil society](https://historylab.es/in-the-shadow-of-the-camps-coexistence-and-social-relations-between-the-army-and-civil-society/) - Dr. Sebastian Sommer (Bayerisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege) / Presents: Dr. Ángel Morillo (Universidad Complutense de Madrid).
- [Yesterday as Today. Monumental architecture and political power in Rome](https://historylab.es/yesterday-as-today-monumental-architecture-and-political-power-in-rome/) - Dr. Fabrizio Pesando (University of Naples "L'Orientale") . Cycle "Dialogues with the classical world", September 6 to December 20, 2017.
- [Roman domus as a stage for social identity](https://historylab.es/roman-domus-as-a-stage-for-social-identity/) - Dr. Fabrizio Pesando (University of Naples "L'Orientale"). Cycle "Dialogues with the classical world", September 6 to December 20, 2017.
- [With strips and madly: maenads and bacchantes on the run](https://historylab.es/with-strips-and-madly-maenads-and-bacchantes-on-the-run/) - From archaic times in Greece, we have news that women participated in the Dionysian cults organised by the polis, in menadic rites and in mystical cults. The activity "With strips and madly: maenads and bacchantes on the run" aims to approach this reality from different perspectives and to show, through texts and iconography, the rites in which women took part, the functions they performed as worshippers and priestesses, the clothes, adornments and attributes that identified them as followers of Dionysus, the setting of the rites and the state of enthusiasm and delirium that the bacchantes reached in some cases.
- [From a splendid city at the change of Era to a field of ruins at the end of the High Empire: the Roman city of Los Bañales de Uncastillo (Cinco Villas region, Zaragoza)](https://historylab.es/from-a-splendid-city-at-the-change-of-era-to-a-field-of-ruins-at-the-end-of-the-high-empire-the-roman-city-of-los-banales-de-uncastillo-cinco-villas-region-zaragoza/) - Around the turn of the Age, the legions of the Emperor Augustus decided to convert the enclave known in medieval documents as Los Bañales into an important Roman city, equipped with all the facilities of a city of Rome, probably in an attempt to make the new Roman way of life attractive to the populations located between the colony of Caesar Augusta (Zaragoza) and the ancient Pompelo (Pamplona). The work that has been carried out on the site for the last ten years has shown how intensely the city took off between 12 BC and 96 AD, but it has also highlighted the weakness of many of these communities, which ended their days as fields of ruins just into the 3rd century AD.
- [The long journey of the legend of Ulysses](https://historylab.es/the-long-journey-of-the-legend-of-ulysses/) - Of all the myths of Hellenic antiquity, the myth of Ulysses is the one that has been most widely disseminated and, above all, the one that has maintained its presence uninterruptedly up to the present day.
- [From Magna Graecia to Iberia: Western contacts with the Hellenic monetary world](https://historylab.es/from-magna-graecia-to-iberia-western-contacts-with-the-hellenic-monetary-world/) - Bulletin of the National Archaeological Museum, 8.
- [Portrait of Domitian in the National Archaeological Museum: a vindication](https://historylab.es/portrait-of-domitian-in-the-national-archaeological-museum-a-vindication/) - The identification of this portrait, sometimes with the emperor Titus and sometimes with Domitian, to whom it has finally been attributed, is of more than merely iconographic historical importance.
- [The Periplus in Antiquity](https://historylab.es/the-periplus-in-antiquity/) - The object of our study will focus only on the beginning and the development of travel writing. This way of describing the events, places and customs experienced during a journey is the starting point of ancient history, geography, ethnology and cartography.
- [The journey to the beyond through the sea: a "Scylla's ascos" in the MAN](https://historylab.es/the-journey-to-the-beyond-through-the-sea-a-scyllas-ascos-in-the-man/) - In this paper we present an ascus made around 300 BC in the Apulian city of Canosa. This vase belongs to the group of so-called 'Scylla ascos'. The upper part of the ascos is decorated with the plastic figure of this sea monster, described in the Odyssey, which devoured sailors trying to avoid the whirlpool of Charybdis. The iconographic programme of these vessels alludes to the journey to the afterlife through evil; for in the Surithalic world Scylla is a daimonfunerario who leads the souls of the deceased to the Isles of the Blessed.
- [Greek painting: from Polignotus to Apelles](https://historylab.es/greek-painting-from-polignotus-to-apelles/) - Drawing, with the representation of forms by means of a silhouette line containing spots of colour, is the first means of expression and communication, the oldest manifestation of the art of mankind, predating writing.
- [The "New Genres" of Hellenistic painting](https://historylab.es/the-new-genres-of-hellenistic-painting/) - In the field of painting, Hellenism can be framed between two well-defined events: the beginning is to be found in the generational change which, in the last two decades of the 4th century BC, marked the transition between the career of Apelles and that of his younger disciples and competitors, Antiphilus in particular; and the end would coincide with the organisation of the Augustan style and its most striking manifestation: the establishment of the Pompeian style in the decade 30-20 BC.
- [Astrological symbolism of the raven in the mithraic tauroctony](https://historylab.es/astrological-symbolism-of-the-raven-in-the-mithraic-tauroctony/) - A gem from the National Archaeological Museum in Madrid is studied here, with special attention to the symbolism of the raven in the mysteries of Mithras, of which the gem depicts the sacrifice of the bull. The magical and astrological meaning of the gem enhances the profound meaning of the Mithraic religion.
- [Imágenes de la muerte en una tumba ibérica. El ajuar ático de la tumba 43 de Baza (Granada)](https://historylab.es/imagenes-de-la-muerte-en-una-tumba-iberica-el-ajuar-atico-de-la-tumba-43-de-baza-granada/) - Los vasos de la tumba 43 de Baza forman un conjunto homogéneo no sólo cronológicamente, con unafecha hacia mediados del siglo I v sino iconográficamenteya que, sin repeticiones, reunen las tres escenas más frecuentes en los vasos áticos procedentes del mundo ibérico andaluz. En este trabajo propongo una lectura y una interpretación iconográfica conjunta para las tres grandes crateras. Unos vasos cuyo fin fue, desde el momento de su adquisición, exclusivardentefunerario. Sus imágenes, desde la mirada ibérica, pudieron interpretarse como modelo y expresión del imaginario de la muerte: los caballos psicopompos, el banquete del Más Allá o la plenitud en lo divino del ámbito dionisíaco.
- [Pagus Marmorariensis, mons Mariorum, statio serrariorum Augustorum and Almadén de la Plata quarries. Some details](https://historylab.es/pagus-marmorariensis-mons-mariorum-statio-serrariorum-augustorum-and-almaden-de-la-plata-quarries-some-details/) - This article provides some details on specific aspects of the Roman quarries of Almadén de la Plata, focusing on the relationship they may have had with the pagus Marmorariensis, the attempt to identify them with the Mons Mariorum mentioned in an ancient itinerary, their relationship with the statio serrariorum Augustorum documented in Italica and the problem of the inclusion of the quarries in the Patrimonium Caesaris. The hypothesis of a Severan building project in Italica is also raised.
- [Gender Itineraries in the MAN: The Construction of Gender in Classical Greece. R+D Project "Women and Gender"](https://historylab.es/gender-itineraries-in-the-man-the-construction-of-gender-in-classical-greece-rd-project-women-and-gender/) - Round table. Aware of the need to vindicate the role of women as active agents in history, the Feminist Research Institute of the UCM, in collaboration with the Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities, presents a Gender Itinerary on women in Ancient Greece, which deals with the construction of female identity, their spaces, gestures and tasks and the models of behaviour assigned to them. This reading is part of the project External link, opens in new windowItineraries for WomenExternal link, opens in new window External link promoted by the MECD and the Institute for Feminist Research to recover the memory of women in museums.
- [El vientre controlado, anticoncepción y aborto en la sociedad romana](https://historylab.es/el-vientre-controlado-anticoncepcion-y-aborto-en-la-sociedad-romana/) - Recensión.El vientre controlado es la publicación de la tesis doctoral de Patricia de los Ángeles González Gutiérrez leída en julio de 2015 en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid y dirigida por el profesor Carlos González Wagner. El trabajo ha sido revisado y modificado para su publicación como libro en una editorial que se dedica a temas feministas pero que tiene un claro perfil de investigación de la Antigüedad.
- [Leg(io) X Gem(ina): Hispanic Legionary Countermarks during the Reign of Vitellius. Appendix: eagle (head) and boar types](https://historylab.es/legio-x-gemina-hispanic-legionary-countermarks-during-the-reign-of-vitellius-appendix-eagle-head-and-boar-types/) - The re-reading of two Roman imperial countermarks, preserved in the National Archaeological Museum of Madrid (figs. 4-5), allows us to clarify and update what is known about the types related to the Legio X Gemina in the Hispanic area: two of them (B-C) are already included in the bibliography, but interpreted incompletely and not related to each other; moreover, a new specimen of type B (fig. 3) confirms the use of archaic cursive spelling for the letter E, in the form of II, and makes the two types B-C unique for the epigraphic customs of the imperial countermarks of the E, in the form of II. 3) confirms the use of the archaic cursive spelling for the letter E, in the form of II, and makes the two types B-C unique for the epigraphic customs of the Roman imperial countermarks.
- [The struggle of the hero against the sea monster: reception of orientalising motifs in the Greek world](https://historylab.es/the-struggle-of-the-hero-against-the-sea-monster-reception-of-orientalising-motifs-in-the-greek-world/) - This article is a comparative study of the theme of the hero's struggle against the sea monster. On the one hand there is the Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh and the aquatic family of the sacred city of Eridu, and, on the other, the translation and actualisation of the theme through the trials or Labours of the Greek hero Heracles. Both worlds conceive the quest for Immortality through a journey to the Beyond. The heroic journey will have its destination in the sacred island of Dilmun on the Babylonian side and in the Garden of the Hesperides on the Greek side. Despite the similarities, there are also notable differences due to the religious conceptions of the two peoples.
- [The Greek presence in Iberia: a century of research](https://historylab.es/the-greek-presence-in-iberia-a-century-of-research/) - This paper deals with the history of research on the Greek presence in Iberia during the 20th century. It analyses the historical idealism and what we could call the philological archaeology of the works of Schulten, Obermaier, Carpenter and Bosch Gimpera in the first half of the century, the great figure of García y Bellido, the positivist archaeology of the 1960s and 1970s, led by Gloria Trías, the new excavations carried out in the 1980s, and the new approaches of the 1990s, in which an attempt is made to reconstruct the history of this process from the point of view of the consequences that this commercial action had on the economic, social and political development of the communities involved in the exchange with the Greek world.
- [From quiet death to infanticide: dying as a child in ancient Greece
in Ancient Greece through the images of
images](https://historylab.es/from-quiet-death-to-infanticide-dying-as-a-child-in-ancient-greecein-ancient-greece-through-the-images-ofimages/) - Although infant mortality was part of everyday life in ancient Greece, the disappearance of children was no less traumatic. If, in everyday life, the white-backed lécites echo the death of the ateloi and serve to construct the philia of the members of the oikos, the funerary stelae are useful for constructing a social image that unites the polis in the face of the drama. Myth, for its part, contains an extraordinary number of stories of infanticide such as that of Itis, the children of Medea or Astyanax where children become instruments of vengeance, all of which serve to warn of what is not to be.
- [Hellish and paradisiacal landscapes in Apulian iconography: an amphora by the Baltimore Painter](https://historylab.es/hellish-and-paradisiacal-landscapes-in-apulian-iconography-an-amphora-by-the-baltimore-painter/) - A vase recently acquired by the State for the National Archaeological Museum, an Apulian amphora with red figures by the Baltimore Painter, dated between 330 and 320 BC, allows us, through the reading of its images, to take a journey through the infernal and paradisiacal landscapes of the Surithalic imaginary. The iconographic and ideological programme of this vase, decorated with a naiskos scene, a scene with characters next to a funerary stele and a scene with Orpheus' visit to the Underworld, has a clearly salvific message, offering the promise of a new, Edenic and immortal existence beyond death for the deceased.
- [Religious diversity in Roman Hispania](https://historylab.es/religious-diversity-in-roman-hispania/) - International Museum Day. Museums for equality: diversity and inclusion. All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights and, endowed with reason and conscience, should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948) Human beings are equal but also very diverse: different backgrounds, ethnicity, gender, language, beliefs, culture... It seems that this diversity has often separated and set us against each other instead of being a source of richness and mutual understanding. The pieces in the Museum are an expression of different eras and cultures. We invite you to discover in these videos some aspects related to diversity in some of them. History can thus be a starting point for reflecting on these same issues in our present.
- [The boar signum in the Museo Arqueológico Nacional and the boar (lying) and boar (skull) Clunia countermarks: legionary symbol or image of town proclaiming Galba emperor?](https://historylab.es/the-boar-signum-in-the-museo-arqueologico-nacional-and-the-boar-lying-and-boar-skull-clunia-countermarks-legionary-symbol-or-image-of-town-proclaiming-galba-emperor/) - The boar on the seal from the Museo Arqueológico Nacional shows the originality of this countermark device on the obverse of Clunia issue. The animal is neither erect nor in motion but lying with its legs under its body. The lying posture seems to bear no relation to portrayals from the legionary milieu as found on seals, emblems, standards, and so forth. This unprecedented countermark device, struck only on the obverse, is associated with an image on the reverse of the coinage showing the animal’s cranium. The image has always been described as a «boar’s head», although its shape and detail depict the animal’s skinless skull. No plausible explanation has been given. What is certain is the relationship between the two types, always paired, the former on the obverse, the latter on the reverse. The two countermarks were struck at Clunia in the spring of 68 CE in the context of events culminating with Galba’s acclamation. They represent the whole series of propitiatory rites, from initial animal sacrifice, with victim depicted prone, to the ritual banquet that wraps up the ceremonies, where the skinned skull is trophy and loot. The countermarks’ application exclusively to Clunia issue shows that the events of spring 68 CE directly involved not only the legionary milieu, which was responsible for Galba’s acclamation, but also the whole community of citizens called upon to take active part in the political process.
- [Showcase ZERO: the Treasure of Valsadornín](https://historylab.es/showcase-zero-the-treasure-of-valsadornin/) - The Valsadornín Treasure, found in 1937 next to the old road linking the Palencia towns of Valsadornín and Gramedo, is one of the most important archaeological testimonies of the insecurity suffered by the Roman Empire in the middle decades of the 3rd century. It is a bronze pot containing thousands of coins, all of them Antoninian, hidden or lost around 270 AD. Once the whole was assigned to the Museum of Palencia, the vessel, incomplete but still with a significant number of coins attached, was deposited in the National Archaeological Museum (MAN). In 2016-2018 it underwent restoration and various analyses aimed at its study and better conservation, in an institutional collaboration between the Museum of Palencia, the MAN and the Spanish Cultural Heritage Institute (IPCE). Prior to its return to Palencia, it was presented to the public in MAN's Showcase ZERO between October 2018 and January 2019.
- [The secret life of the warrior stelae](https://historylab.es/the-secret-life-of-the-warrior-stelae/) - Since the end of the 19th century, a hundred and a half warrior stelae have been discovered and numerous studies have been published on them. But there are still many unknowns to be solved. This conference presents the results of recent research, carried out in collaboration with various teams, in which new approaches and cutting-edge technologies have been applied to the study of warrior stelae, and their finding sites, from different areas of the western Iberian Peninsula. The new data contribute to clarify some questions about the meaning and functionality of the stelae, while revealing interesting aspects of their biographies.
- [The life of a Magdalenian woman: the Red Lady of the Cueva del Mirón (Ramales de la Victoria, Cantabria)](https://historylab.es/the-life-of-a-magdalenian-woman-the-red-lady-of-the-cueva-del-miron-ramales-de-la-victoria-cantabria/) - Presentation of the results of the research on a Lower Magdalenian burial site, which reveals data on the diet, mobility, lifestyles and genetic origin of a woman who was the object of a complex funerary ritual at this site.
- [Prehistoric art, why does it still excite us?](https://historylab.es/prehistoric-art-why-does-it-still-excite-us/) - In the scientific-academic field, why prehistoric art is important to study prehistoric art and what issues can be relevant and incident in our society (for example, because it helps us to understand what symbols are and how we use them; because it is a way of tracing areas such as inter- and multiculturalism, and even globalisation, as well as the links between these and the feelings generated in the field of culture and their implications in territoriality; because it helps us understand elements linked to communication and the durability of information; etc.). In its social projection, how prehistoric art is made to participate, through talks, exhibitions, etc., in our society and how it does or does not affect the citizens. The impact on tourism, in rural areas, etc. And finally, the role of Palaeolithic art in Cultural Heritage and how it (and Spanish, or even peninsular) is representative of understanding Spain as a potential in cave heritage. Can it be an element of Marca España or whatever you want to call it or say?
- [The Menga Dolmen. Latest Research on a Prehistoric Giant](https://historylab.es/the-menga-dolmen-latest-research-on-a-prehistoric-giant/) - Although archaeological research began as early as the 1840s, the Menga dolmen, the true 'flagship' of the Antequera dolmen site (listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2016) has been largely unknown until very recently. In this conference we present the main results of the scientific research carried out in the last eight years in this great monument. Special attention will be paid to the study of the evidence collected during the excavations carried out between 2005 and 2006, which has been a decisive step forward in the understanding of the origins, temporality, biography, architecture and social and cultural significance of this great dolmen. This research has been carried out as part of the projects "Megalithic Biographies: The Monumental Landscape of Antequera in its Temporal and Spatial Context" and "Nature, Society and Monumentality: High Resolution Archaeological Investigations of the Megalithic Landscape of Antequera", funded under the National R&D Plan of the General Secretariat for Research of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, and developed between 2014 and 2021.
- [The link between Africa and the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Pleistocene: the case of the Acheulean site of Porto Maior, As Neves, Galicia](https://historylab.es/the-link-between-africa-and-the-iberian-peninsula-during-the-middle-pleistocene-the-case-of-the-acheulean-site-of-porto-maior-as-neves-galicia/) - Porto Maior (As Neves, Galicia) is currently the oldest dated archaeological site in Galicia, with a chronology of the main occupation levels between 312,600 and 210,700 years ago. Of particular importance is level PM4, dated to around 210,000 years ago, as it is the only European case of an occupation level characterised by an extensive anthropic accumulation of large Acheulean bifaces and cleavers. This type of occupation scenario was exclusive to the African continent and the Near East, and its recognition in Porto Maior provides a key reference to prove a close relationship between the Iberian and African Acheulean.
- [La Beleña (Cabra, Cordoba): a necropolis of hypogean structures from the Late Neolithic period](https://historylab.es/la-belena-cabra-cordoba-a-necropolis-of-hypogean-structures-from-the-late-neolithic-period/) - La Beleña is a necropolis of collective funerary structures -excavated in the limestone marl-, located in Cabra (Córdoba) and dated between 3300-2850 BC during the Late Neolithic. During this period, burials were located in natural caves, or in megalithic constructions of various types, as well as in hypogean structures. These changes and diversity in funerary constructions have been considered as a reflection of population growth, the process of sedentarisation and the intensification of social inequality. The documentation derived from the different hypogeum of the southern Iberian Peninsula has proven to be insufficient to explore these considerations in depth. This is due to the fact that attention has been focused on the typological classification of grave goods and funerary structures, thus making it possible to ascribe the burials to a specific historical period according to the traditional literature. In this way, the anthropological and archaeological-anthropological analysis of the preserved human remains has been relegated to a secondary role.
- [Green I love you. The prehistoric circulation of variscite and jadeite in the Iberian Peninsula and Western Europe](https://historylab.es/green-i-love-you-the-prehistoric-circulation-of-variscite-and-jadeite-in-the-iberian-peninsula-and-western-europe/) - Between the 5th and 3rd millennium BC, Western Europe was the scene of a strong production and circulation of objects (necklace beads, bracelets, axes...) made of stones of an intense green colour, such as variscite or jadeite. From their sources of origin - located in different parts of the Iberian Peninsula (Barcelona, Huelva, Zamora...) and Europe (Italian Alps) - these objects travelled by land and sea over hundreds or even thousands of kilometres. In this conference, we will explore the manufacturing contexts of these pieces and how they spread to reach human groups in different parts of the Iberian Peninsula and Europe. We will also discuss the possible reasons why these greenstone objects were so appreciated by the Neolithic communities of our continent.
- [Global climate change and local responses: the case of the Pleistocene to Holocene transition on the Cantabrian coast](https://historylab.es/cambio-climatic-global-y-respuestas-locales-el-caso-del-transito-del-pleistoceno-al-holoceno-en-la-costa-cantabrica/) - The research addresses the analysis of the local responses of Cantabrian hunter-gatherer societies to the environmental transformations of various orders that characterised the late Pleistocene and early Holocene periods. These transformations ranged from the continuous rise in sea levels and the parallel reduction of habitable territory to the drastic modification of the vegetation cover, as well as changes in the terrestrial and marine faunas. Alongside this, the migratory movements of other human groups affected by these changes are also shown to be a source of novelty in these social responses that we see at the local scale.
- [Solutrean lithic points and the beginnings of archery in Europe](https://historylab.es/solutrean-lithic-points-and-the-beginnings-of-archery-in-europe/) - During the Aurignacian and Gravetian, the morphology of hunting lithic points is conditioned by the use of abrupt retouch. However, in the Solutrian, the hunting tools change radically and for about 5,000 years the systematic use of flat, invasive and bifacial retouch will characterise the different projectile points. The appearance of flat retouched points in the Lower and Middle Solutrian could be explained by the generalised use of the propellant. The appearance of points with different modifications to facilitate their insertion in the Upper Solutrian would be related to the appearance of the bow as a new propulsion system for these projectiles.
- [Metallurgy with precious metals in Iron Age settlements in Asturias](https://historylab.es/metallurgy-with-precious-metals-in-iron-age-settlements-in-asturias/) - Goldsmithing during the Iron Age is one of the most characteristic manifestations of the pre-Roman peoples who inhabited the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. however, its study and dating have been hampered by the lack of archaeological contexts. Recent discoveries of several craftsmen's workshops in the context of fortified settlements and the identification of gold mines exploited prior to the Roman conquest, not only by panning, as was assumed, but by complex gallery mining, have greatly modified our knowledge of precious metal mining and metallurgy during the Iron Age. The conference aims to report on the fortified settlements that have provided data on the manipulation and transformation of these metals, as well as the archaeological records that support their synchrony with the mining operations. These are expressive testimonies of metallurgical activity in a territory with abundant and rich metal deposits and a mining tradition dating back to the Chalcolithic period. Their study opens up new perspectives for research into the provenance of the raw materials used (including their isotopic characterisation), the dating of castreño goldsmiths' work and the role played in the establishment of large-scale gold mining after the Roman conquest.
- [The Chalcolithic pit enclosure of Camino de las Yeseras: an emblematic site for the guardianship of ancestors and the symbolic management of the animal world](https://historylab.es/the-chalcolithic-pit-enclosure-of-camino-de-las-yeseras-an-emblematic-site-for-the-guardianship-of-ancestors-and-the-symbolic-management-of-the-animal-world/) - With an extension of more than 20 ha, the large moat enclosure of Camino de las Yeseras is a strategic and long-occupied site located in the centre of the peninsula. Thanks to the close collaboration between management archaeology and the Camino de las Yeseras research team of the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, it has been possible to undertake interdisciplinary studies of pits, huts and funerary spaces. Some 10,000 structures documented over almost two thousand years of prehistoric occupation make up a complex landscape of the past. The treatment of ancestors and the management of the domestic and wild animal world stand out, forming a sophisticated system of beliefs of societies in which their rituals in time and space form surprising records.
- [Neanderthals and Sapiens: at the origins of art](https://historylab.es/neanderthals-and-sapiens-at-the-origins-of-art/) - Traditionally, research into the origins of art, of symbols, has considered this creative capacity to be associated exclusively with our species, Homo sapiens. The application of new dating techniques now makes it possible to argue that earlier human groups, such as the Neanderthals, developed artistic expression. Studies in the caves of La Pasiega, Ardales and Maltravieso confirm the first non-figurative expression inside the caves. These data are consistent with other data (pendants, body decoration, burials, etc.) that propose a break with the traditional paradigm that holds that symbolism is an exclusive and singular capacity of our species.
- [Reconstructing megalithic memories: the contributions of the study of supports to the knowledge of rituality and uses in megaliths](https://historylab.es/reconstructing-megalithic-memories-the-contributions-of-the-study-of-supports-to-the-knowledge-of-rituality-and-uses-in-megaliths/) - The different works on megalithic art by the team of the Prehistory Department of the UAH have characterised the informative potential of the study of the decorations of Iberian megalithic supports, within the framework of systematic elaborate funerary scenarios. Components of the past visible in the reuse of supports, figurines, recovery of ancient corpses..., are added to applications of artificial colour to establish some patterns of funerary rituals that extend to other areas of Atlantic Europe. Research into the role of the first large stones in the most ancient megalithic constructions, which had been located almost exclusively in Brittany in France, offers a rich record in Iberia, which constitutes a very revealing argument for the presence of a megalithic system at least as old as the Breton one. The demonstration that the study of the paint applied to some of these pieces offers C14 dating opens up a new line of research that already has initial results in Iberia, France and the Orkney Islands, based on the results obtained in this project. This presentation will present some of the methodological aspects that we have developed and the results already obtained.
- [4000 years ago. Infant tombs in the Bronze Age of La Mancha](https://historylab.es/4000-years-ago-infant-tombs-in-the-bronze-age-of-la-mancha/) - In recent prehistoric societies, not all members of the community had the right to a permanent burial. Around 4000 years ago, funerary rites began to change, collective burials gave way to personalised tombs, some of which were for children. In some cases, as in the Cerro de La Encantada (Granátula de Calatrava, Ciudad Real) over 400 years a small number of children received special treatment. This round table will present a group of funerary structures from the Bronze Age of La Mancha and will address the problems posed by the study of prehistoric child tombs.
- [From peasants to metallurgists in south-eastern Spain](https://historylab.es/from-peasants-to-metallurgists-in-south-eastern-spain/) - The southeast of the Iberian Peninsula is the region of reference in Western Europe for the first peasant societies that began to use metal. This international visibility of the southeast is due to the intense archaeological activity of the Siret brothers at the end of the 19th century, who managed to incorporate their results into the Prehistory that was being constructed at that time. The spectacular nature and novelty of findings, such as that of Los Millares, have since then been a permanent focus of attention for all those interested in our past. The Siret collection, deposited in the National Archaeological Museum, continues to be a constant "magnet" of attraction for prehistorians despite the passing of the years, as it allows for cutting-edge research with new perspectives, such as those presented at this conference. Different aspects of Neolithic and Chalcolithic societies will be dealt with, such as their agricultural and livestock farming practices, the sedentarisation and storage that defines the new settlements, their crafts: pottery, metal... All these aspects are imbued with symbolism, but their clearest manifestation is found in the so-called idols and in the funerary world.
- [The Papiria tribe: evidence of the Colonia Emerita Augusta in Upper Extremadura](https://historylab.es/the-papiria-tribe-evidence-of-the-colonia-emerita-augusta-in-upper-extremadura/) - The origin of the Roman tribes is a question that is still hotly debated today. In pre-Struscan monarchic times the Roman population was apparently divided into the three tribes of Tities, Ramnes and Luceres; this division, based on archaic gentile structures, was made on the basis of a rational distribution of the population with the aim of achieving a better administration of the state apparatus that would allow for greater efficiency in military recruitment.
- [Monograph: T. S. H., Terra Sigillata Hispánica](https://historylab.es/monograph-t-s-h-terra-sigillata-hispanica/) - Bulletin of the National Archaeological Museum 1.2 (1983).
- [Barcino Augustea: distribution of urban spaces and central areas of the city](https://historylab.es/barcino-augustea-distribution-of-urban-spaces-and-central-areas-of-the-city/) - Colonia Barcino has been and still is one of the most studied and best known Roman cities in the Peninsula thanks to the constant work of a wide range of researchers who have dealt with all aspects of it.
- [Female votive heads from the sanctuary of Cales, Campania: a typological study and analysis](https://historylab.es/female-votive-heads-from-the-sanctuary-of-cales-campania-a-typological-study-and-analysis/) - The heads studied belong to a votive deposit of the Etruscan - Lazio1 - Campanian type. The votive offering and its meaning.
- [Copper ingots and circulation in recent prehistory: Iberian Peninsula and Sardinia](https://historylab.es/copper-ingots-and-circulation-in-recent-prehistory-iberian-peninsula-and-sardinia/) - The circulation of copper in the western Mediterranean between 1500 and 500 BC reflects a great complexity due to the different interactions that take place in this period in an area that acts as a point of contact between the Atlantic world and the eastern Mediterranean. The local populations of Sardinia and the Iberian Peninsula are influenced by the commercial interests of Phoenician colonial expansion, of which metal is a fundamental part. However, these local commercial interests have more of a social than an economic dimension, which explains why products such as copper, which they themselves produce, form part of the exchange. The presence in Sardinia of other types of metal that are neither local nor Cypriot, and whose origin must be sought in other areas, connects with the debate on the relations between Sardinia and the Iberian Peninsula.
- [Living the landscape and working for a living](https://historylab.es/living-the-landscape-and-working-for-a-living/) - Video of the permanent exhibition of the National Archaeological Museum. Prehistoric Area.
- [what should I wear? Personal ornaments on supports of organic origin in the Neolithic and Chalcolithic of the Southeast Iberian Peninsula](https://historylab.es/what-should-i-wear-personal-ornaments-on-supports-of-organic-origin-in-the-neolithic-and-chalcolithic-of-the-southeast-iberian-peninsula/) - Objects of ornamentation can be considered frequent elements among archaeological materials. They seem to be very simple pieces, but we do not know the extent of their significance. Through the study of the collections from the Vera Basin, as well as from other sites in the Southeast, we will approach the valuation of these objects.
- [Archaeometallurgy](https://historylab.es/archaeometallurgy/) - Video of the permanent exhibition of the National Archaeological Museum. Prehistoric Area.
- [Montelirio: A Great Copper Age Megalithic Monument](https://historylab.es/montelirio-a-great-copper-age-megalithic-monument/) - This work presents the results of the scientific study of the great megalithic tomb of Montelirio (Castilleja de Guzmán, Seville), excavated between 2007 and 2010. The exhaustive research carried out over almost 10 years, involving 45 specialists from 16 universities and research centres in five different countries (Germany, Spain, the United States of America, New Zealand and the United Kingdom) has included the deployment of some of the most cutting-edge research methods and techniques in modern archaeology. Taken together, the results reveal one of the most fascinating and enigmatic prehistoric monuments on the European continent, in which a mostly female collective of people were buried, accompanied by unparalleled grave goods including objects unseen anywhere else in the world, such as sophisticated robes made from tens of thousands of perforated beads and ornaments of shell, ivory and amber. The innumerable details revealed by the painstaking research undertaken bring us closer in previously unknown detail to the way of life of Copper Age societies (c. 3200-2300 BCE), and in particular to their technology, craftsmanship, patterns of contact and exchange, social organisation and worldview. With this study, Montelirio joins the select group of 'classic' megalithic monuments of Andalusian, Iberian and European Recent Prehistory, confirming the cultural and social emergence of the lower Guadalquivir valley in the third millennium B.C.E., the true genesis of the development process of the city of Seville.
- [Archaeology, Hydrogeology and Environment in the Bronze Age of La Mancha: the Motilla Culture](https://historylab.es/archaeology-hydrogeology-and-environment-in-the-bronze-age-of-la-mancha-the-motilla-culture/) - The Geological and Mining Institute of Spain presents Archaeology, Hydrogeology and Environment in the Bronze Age of La Mancha: the Culture of the Motillas, a work of high scientific dissemination that exposes part of the results of the research co-funded in 2014 by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports of the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha and the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain. The book explains what life was like during Prehistoric times in La Mancha 2000 years BC. The contents include an exhaustive bibliography and a complete review of the Motilla or Bronze Age Culture of La Mancha. It also provides new data that were unknown until now. In summary, our ancestors suffered a very prolonged drought that led them to build a network of wells (motillas) in this region to supply themselves with water from the aquifer, given that the surface water disappeared from the rivers and springs. At the same time as the wells, burial mounds were built, monuments oriented to the stars in which complex rituals were performed (deposit of offerings, burial of the deceased and transfer of their bones once they had been skeletonised, etc.). Several drawings show the reader the reconstruction of everyday scenes from those times; in fact, they are innovative interpretative proposals that facilitate the understanding of the data offered.
- [The production of bronzes during El Argar: frequency and criteria of use](https://historylab.es/the-production-of-bronzes-during-el-argar-frequency-and-criteria-of-use/) - The alloy of copper with tin appeared for the first time in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula in the Argaric period. In this study we have compiled all the published compositional analyses in order to assess the frequency and use of this alloy. The data show that some objects such as halberds were never made of bronze and that it is in personal adornments (bracelets, rings and earrings) that this alloy is most frequently detected. The chromatic effect of the metals and alloys (copper, bronze, silver) and their combination in grave goods or the greater or lesser social value given to the different metals seem to explain their choice and use better than the criteria of technological or functional improvement in this phase of the Bronze Age. It is suggested that the first bronzes may have been objects imported from other regions of the Iberian Peninsula or Europe.
- [The alliance of death: from the singularity of the Campa l'Españal burial mound to the reinterpretations of funerary spaces during the Neolithic period in Asturias](https://historylab.es/the-alliance-of-death-from-the-singularity-of-the-campa-lespanal-burial-mound-to-the-reinterpretations-of-funerary-spaces-during-the-neolithic-period-in-asturias/) - In October 2015, as chance would have it, during a preliminary archaeological impact study, a Neolithic funerary structure was located, which has since been the object of study in different archaeological interventions. It has also become the backbone of a more ambitious project of research, conservation and enhancement, which is being promoted by the City Council of San Martín del Rey Aurelio (Asturias).
- [Altamira and the first Palaeolithic furniture art](https://historylab.es/altamira-and-the-first-palaeolithic-furniture-art/) - Lecture series "The Power of the Past. 150 years of Archaeology in Spain".
- [What is new in the interpretation of Palaeolithic Art?](https://historylab.es/what-is-new-in-the-interpretation-of-palaeolithic-art/) - On the presentation of the book 'Prehistoric art as Prehistoric culture. Studies in honour of Professor Rodrigo de Balbín-Berhmann'. Rodrigo de Balbín Behrmann's contributions to the interpretation of Palaeolithic Art are the starting point for presenting the state of the art of research, based on the latest works of Portuguese, Spanish, German and English colleagues, and for disseminating them in the English-speaking world. The authors of the 17 papers that comprise it are part of the most important European research teams. The presence of some of the authors at this round table will allow us to approach some of the current problems regarding the interpretation of Palaeolithic art. In particular, their sequence, extension, topography and, of course, the role of archaeometry in the evaluation of ancient chronologies, which allow us to consider the relationship between these symbolic productions and Neanderthal groups.
- [Rock art in Sierra de las Cuerdas](https://historylab.es/rock-art-in-sierra-de-las-cuerdas/) - In 2017, the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha published the Catalogue of Cave Art in the Sierra de las Cuerdas on the occasion of the centenary of the discovery of the Villar del Humo shelters. This is one of the most unique sets of Levantine art declared World Heritage. On the occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the declaration of the Cave Art of the Mediterranean Arc of the Iberian Peninsula in 1998, the dissemination of this volume is proposed, which is designed to bring all citizens closer to the knowledge and understanding of these assets in their cultural and natural context.
- [Neanderthals. The life, love, death and art of our distant cousins](https://historylab.es/neanderthals-the-life-love-death-and-art-of-our-distant-cousins/) - Since their discovery more than 160 years ago, Neanderthals have gone from being seen as the losers of the human family tree to being considered first-rate hominids. In her essay "Neanderthals", Rebecca Wragg Sykes uses cutting-edge research on the Palaeolithic to debunk clichés about our "distant cousins" and reveals Neanderthals as curious and intelligent humans, knowledgeable about their world, technologically creative and adaptable, who managed to survive for over 300,000 years through periods of colossal climatic upheaval. This book is an open window for discussion and debate, aimed at both laymen and scientists who are tackling a task that is becoming ever more difficult, with surprising new discoveries that require detours and even 180° turns. Exciting research is becoming increasingly topical.
- [Prehistory and Romanisation in the Eria Valley. Society and ancient mining](https://historylab.es/prehistory-and-romanisation-in-the-eria-valley-society-and-ancient-mining/) - Prehistory and Romanisation in the Eria Valley (León-Zamora) is an informative work that brings together, in an entertaining and didactic way, a series of historical events, based on the archaeological discoveries made over the last 50 years in this valley located between the provinces of León and Zamora. The book aims to be a tribute to the first researchers who delved into the distant past of this valley and a plea in defence of the natural and historical heritage of the rural environment. The authors present little-known aspects of its environment, from a multidisciplinary point of view, which condition the first occupations during Prehistoric times and the extensive development that began with metallurgy until the Roman occupation. Archaeological findings and historical documents help to explain the planning of the territory based on geological and mining resources, and the development achieved by the cultures that occupied the area.
- [Prehistoric salt cookers in the Villafáfila Lagoons (Zamora)](https://historylab.es/prehistoric-salt-cookers-in-the-villafafila-lagoons-zamora/) - Updated overview of the results of a research project on the prehistoric exploitation of salt in the Villafáfila lagoons (Zamora). The main focus is on the operational chain of the factory at the Molino Sanchón II site, where salt was obtained by the evaporation of the salt flats. But it also discusses the role of the luxurious Campaniform Vessels in this production centre, concluding that they were a symbolic marker used by the elites of the time to control such a lucrative activity.
- [Madrid 7000 years ago. Casa Montero and the oldest flint mining site in the Western Mediterranean](https://historylab.es/madrid-7000-years-ago-casa-montero-and-the-oldest-flint-mining-site-in-the-western-mediterranean/) - The ancient Neolithic flint mines of Casa Montero were discovered in the summer of 2003, when archaeological work was being carried out prior to the construction of the Madrid M-50 ring road. A project financed by the 1% Cultural Fund has maintained the research for more than 6 years. The interdisciplinary team made up of more than 59 researchers from 19 institutions and 13 companies has dedicated its efforts to protect, study and publicise the traces left by the communities that came to this enclave to extract flint from the interior of the earth more than 7000 years ago. In this conference we will tell you when, how, who and why they did it.
- [New Research on the Great Iberian Megaliths or everything we always wanted to know about Megaliths but never dared to ask](https://historylab.es/new-research-on-the-great-iberian-megaliths-or-everything-we-always-wanted-to-know-about-megaliths-but-never-dared-to-ask/) - A round table aimed at informing the public about the latest research carried out recently in three large Andalusian megaliths (Menga, Soto and Montelirio), and the importance of their dissemination. This is a unique opportunity to delve into the fascinating phenomenon of megaliths.
- [The Neolithic settlement of La Draga (Banyoles, Girona). Results of recent excavations and new research challenges](https://historylab.es/the-neolithic-settlement-of-la-draga-banyoles-girona-results-of-recent-excavations-and-new-research-challenges/) - We have been carrying out excavations at the archaeological site of La Draga since 1991. Its location on the eastern shore of Banyoles Lake has meant that the soils of occupation are partly covered by groundwater, favouring an anoxic environment and the preservation of remains of wood and organic matter. The site would correspond to an ancient Neolithic peasant settlement that was established in the area between 5,300 and 4,900 BC. Throughout this period, two distinct construction phases have been documented based on their chronology, the materials used and the functionality of the structures.
- [Beyond the paintings of horses. New research in the Ekain cave](https://historylab.es/beyond-the-paintings-of-horses-new-research-in-the-ekain-cave/) - In the Ekain cave (Deba, Gipuzkoa), a small group of parietal art representations have been found, executed by engraving on clay. The similarities between these and the well-known paintings of horses point to the same chronology: Upper Magdalenian, approximately 15,000 years ago. This type of figurative engravings traced with the finger is not very common, but they appear in the Iberian Peninsula and the south of France throughout the Upper Palaeolithic. In this talk we present the new findings and the implications of the use of this technique in the framework of Palaeolithic Art research.
- [With shepherds and sheep on the Neolithic path: archaeological evidence from Els Trocs Cave, Bisaurri, Huesca](https://historylab.es/with-shepherds-and-sheep-on-the-neolithic-path-archaeological-evidence-from-els-trocs-cave-bisaurri-huesca/) - During the month of July 2019, the last excavation campaign was carried out in the Els Trocs cave, in the Aragonese Alta Ribagorza. It is the right time to make an overall assessment of the ten years of archaeological interventions in a site that has yielded spectacular scientific results that are being studied by a large multidisciplinary and international team. Both its location next to the axial Pyrenees and at a junction of communications and traditional paths possibly used since the Neolithic period, and the enormous archaeological evidence recovered in its archaeological levels make Els Trocs a reference site for studying the early Neolithisation of mountain areas. Through the different archaeological, genetic, faunal, isotopic and palaeoenvironmental studies, etc., we will try to get to know a human group that in very early dates (last third of the 6th millennium BC) carried out a seasonal exploitation of the environment and used the cave to carry out certain ritual and subsistence activities. The knowledge and/or conquest of the territory must not have been an easy task, since among the human remains recovered inside the cave we find evidence of unusual violence. Nevertheless, in the last campaign, and in a very special place in the cave, we found the only structured tomb in the whole complex; a child's tomb which we will present as a preview in this talk.
- [A window into the Chalcolithic "pit enclosures" of the Duero Valley. El Casetón de la Era (Villalba de los Alcores, Valladolid)](https://historylab.es/a-window-into-the-chalcolithic-pit-enclosures-of-the-duero-valley-el-caseton-de-la-era-villalba-de-los-alcores-valladolid/) - The archaeological campaigns carried out at the "moat enclosure" of El Casetón de la Era (Villalba de Los Alcores, Valladolid) have revealed the main features of these sites from the beginning of the Copper Age in the centre of the Spanish Northern Subplateau. The research provides relevant data on the work involved in the construction of this device, on the addition of the moats to a previous settlement and on the agricultural economy of its occupants. The "moat enclosures", which involve a notable cooperative effort, are associated in the middle Douro valley with the first truly stable settlement and the consolidation of agricultural life.
- [Galaicos, a people between two worlds](https://historylab.es/galaicos-a-people-between-two-worlds/) - The conference presented the precepts on which the exhibition of the same name is based. Based on archaeological data and its reading, even re-reading, it will be explained how the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula is a point of contact, of confluence, between two different cultural spheres from the Final Bronze Age to late antiquity, the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. These currents, together with intrinsic processes generated by the indigenous populations of these lands themselves, will end up conferring unique characteristics to the culture of the Galaic people.
- [Libisosa: a treasure trove for Iberian and Hispanian research](https://historylab.es/libisosa-a-treasure-trove-for-iberian-and-hispanian-research/) - The site of Libisosa (Lezuza, Albacete) contains remains from the Late Bronze Age to the Late Medieval period, with its Iberian oppidum and Roman colony phases standing out. The Ibero-Roman phase represents a mine for research, an inexhaustible source of quantitative and qualitative material information, due to its peculiar preservation conditions. The Libisosa project is based on the pillars of scientific research and training, but understanding archaeology as an engine of perennial, social and economic development, as well as cultural.
- [Los Castillejos de Alcorrín (Manilva, Málaga), a fortified centre at the Strait Gates (8th century BC)](https://historylab.es/los-castillejos-de-alcorrin-manilva-malaga-a-fortified-centre-at-the-strait-gates-8th-century-bc/) - The site of Los Castillejos de Alcorrín has been studied since 2007 by a team led by Dirce Marzoli and made up of researchers from the German Archaeological Institute, the Centre for Phoenician and Punic Studies and the municipality of Manilva, from an interdisciplinary perspective. The location, size and size of its fortifications, as well as its good state of preservation, make Los Castillejos de Alcorrín a particularly promising site for the study of the first contacts between indigenous and Phoenician populations in the context of the Strait of Gibraltar in the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age. Its strategic position, the exceptional dimensions of this agglomeration and the complexity of its double walled enclosure are evidence of a high concentration of power. With a surface area of 13 hectares and a wall more than 2,000 m long, it is the largest known fortified settlement in the eastern confines of the Tartessian cultural area. From this site access was controlled to a mineral-rich hinterland, north of the mouth of the Guadiaro River where a Phoenician settlement was founded near Casa de Montilla (San Roque, Cádiz), precisely when the settlement of Los Castillejos de Alcorrín was founded.
- [New perspectives in the interpretation of the urbanism of the fortified settlement of Cerro de la Mesa (Alcolea de Tajo, Toledo) using non-destructive methods](https://historylab.es/new-perspectives-in-the-interpretation-of-the-urbanism-of-the-fortified-settlement-of-cerro-de-la-mesa-alcolea-de-tajo-toledo-using-non-destructive-methods/) - The fortified settlement of Cerro de la Mesa, based on the control of a crucial ford in the middle Tagus valley, played an important role in the economic and cultural development of its territory during the first millennium BC. Excavations have documented different structures such as walls, bastions, pits, roads and ceremonial and domestic spaces, in a complex superimposition of occupation phases from the 7th to the 1st century BC. The application of new non-destructive technologies, such as geophysical prospecting and aerial imaging, have made it possible to understand the complex urban fabric of this settlement, limiting excavation needs and making it possible to plan the different actions aimed at enhancing the value of this important site
- [How they wove and wore clothes in the Iron Age](https://historylab.es/how-they-wove-and-wore-clothes-in-the-iron-age/) - Through "three capsules" of knowledge in video format we will learn how men and women dressed in the Iron Age in the Iberian Peninsula and the sources used by archaeologists for their study. *The content of these capsules is the result of the internal research project carried out by the Department of Protohistory and Colonisation called "Protohistoric weaving and clothing". Susana de Luis Mariño (Department of Protohistory and Colonisation) and Elena Aznar Medina (Archaeologist specialising in protohistoric weaving).
- [Pintia, forty years (1979-2019) in the construction of a new paradigm for the vaccea identity](https://historylab.es/pintia-forty-years-1979-2019-in-the-construction-of-a-new-paradigm-for-the-vaccea-identity/) - Archaeological research in Pintia (Padilla de Duero - Pesquera de Duero, Valladolid) can be considered to have begun in 1979, after the discovery and first intervention in the necropolis of Las Ruedas, and has continued uninterruptedly since then until the present day. Forty years of archaeological research into the habitat, the necropolis, the potteries and the defensive systems of the city have made it possible to construct, with due caution, a Vaccean identity that until recently had been diluted in the paradigm of Celtiberianisation. While this concept has just been superseded, "Vaccean archaeology" finds in Pintia one of its most solid bulwarks.
- [The defensive complex of the Iberian city of Ullastret](https://historylab.es/the-defensive-complex-of-the-iberian-city-of-ullastret/) - Over the last decade, the Ullastret branch of the Museu d'Arqueologia de Catalunya has developed a project of intervention and study of the defensive complex of the complex formed by the Iberian settlements of Puig de Sant Andreu and Illa d'en Reixac (Ullastret). Within the framework of this project, notable progress has been made in the delimitation of the defensive structures of the walls, although the most outstanding feature is the discovery, by means of geophysical prospecting techniques, of a monumental moat excavated in the rock that protected the western slope of Puig de Sant Andreu.
- [The Phoenician citadel. Excavations at the Cabezo Pequeño del Estaño (Guardamar, Alicante)](https://historylab.es/the-phoenician-citadel-excavations-at-the-cabezo-pequeno-del-estano-guardamar-alicante/) - The enclave known as "Cabezo Pequeño del Estaño" has recently joined the scientific debate on the Phoenician presence in the Iberian Peninsula. The site, despite having suffered partial destruction due to the exploitation of a quarry, still has one of the best examples of oriental defensive architecture in our country, with a wall of casemates that is more than 2 metres high. During the excavations, several sectors of the wall, a block of dwellings, a warehouse and, in 2018, a complete silver metallurgy workshop were excavated.
- [¿Gadir cartaginesa? Rituales en tiempos de crisis](https://historylab.es/gadir-cartaginesa-rituales-en-tiempos-de-crisis/) - El proyecto Gadir Cartaginesa. Estrategias sociales y respuestas rituales en situaciones de crisis (PGC2018-097481-B-I00). Plan Estatal de Investigación. Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (2019-2021) se focaliza en el análisis y relectura de un tipo muy característico de estructuras localizadas en la antigua ciudad de Gadir (Cádiz), conocidas en la literatura científica como “pozos rituales”. Son estructuras subterráneas que aparecen colmatadas de materiales y restos orgánicos producto de la celebración en ellas de distintos actos rituales. El objetivo principal es explicar las razones culturales e históricas por las que surgen, se desarrollan y desaparecen estas estructuras, y las acciones que las generan. Para ello es necesario fijar la cronología de los contextos, por una parte, e identificar y aislar los distintos pasos de la «cadena operativa ritual», por otra. Los resultados obtenidos hasta ahora permiten plantear que se trate de un ritual ancestral gaditano que se potencia con la llegada de las tropas cartaginesas a la ciudad, posiblemente como medio para canalizar la conflictividad social, latente o manifiesta, que la situación debió generar en la ciudad; y que desaparece lentamente cuando esta finaliza.
- [Recent research in Musical Archaeology](https://historylab.es/recent-research-in-musical-archaeology/) - Several recent research projects, including the European Music Archaeology Project (2013-2018), have made significant progress in the study of music in Prehistory and Antiquity. The interdisciplinary requirements to address such disparate aspects as the technological study of archaeological musical instruments, their experimental reconstruction, their performance (necessary for acoustic and musical characterisation) and their socio-cultural contextualisation have demanded not only significant funding, but also the collaboration of scholars and specialists from all over the world. Despite the long history of the discipline, this work has made it possible to trace technological relationships, cultural borrowings and local innovations that lie at the roots of the various European musics.
- [The religiosity of the Iberian peoples in the Late Epoch in the mirror of their sanctuaries](https://historylab.es/the-religiosity-of-the-iberian-peoples-in-the-late-epoch-in-the-mirror-of-their-sanctuaries/) - The Low Period of Iberian Culture, 40 years later. Symposium commemorating the 50th anniversary of the AEAA.
- [Archaeology of soundscapes](https://historylab.es/archaeology-of-soundscapes/) - This conference will bring together leading specialists in the field of music and sound in Prehistory and Protohistory. Sound is one of our sources of perception, which is why its importance is universal and timeless. We cannot pinpoint when and how music arose, but archaeological remains show that it has been with us since our most remote past, at least as long as we have been sapiens. Through the analysis of both the preserved pieces and their archaeological context, and with the support of ethnoarchaeology, experimental archaeology, iconographic sources and, where possible, also written sources, we approach the soundscapes of Prehistory and Protohistory, times when music and sound formed part of the daily and ritual life of their societies.
- [Between Phoenicians and Indians: the orientalising city of Herna/Peña Negra (Crevillente, Alicante)](https://historylab.es/between-phoenicians-and-indians-the-orientalising-city-of-herna-pena-negra-crevillente-alicante/) - Peña Negra is one of the main protohistoric sites in the southeast, with a wide sequence from the end of the 10th century BC to the third quarter of the 6th century BC, having been identified with the city of Herna cited in the sources. The site was excavated between the 1970s and 1990s. In 2014, research was restarted, which has made it possible to analyse the transformations of this indigenous nucleus, with new data on the urban planning and ancient topography of the orientalising city, largely due to the direct contact with the Phoenician populations settled at the mouth of the Segura River, making it one of the main sites on the peninsula for analysing the interaction between both ethnic groups.
- [The Cassiterides Archipelago and Punic trade in north-western Iberia](https://historylab.es/the-cassiterides-archipelago-and-punic-trade-in-north-western-iberia/) - The project "La ruta de las Estrímnides: comercio mediterráneo e interculturalidad en el Noroeste de Iberia" (HAR2015-68310-P) has aimed, on the one hand, at the historiographic review of the ancient and modern literature on the Casitérides, and, on the other hand, at the study of the archaeological record of Phoenician origin found in the castros of northern Portugal and Galicia. We can conclude that knowledge of the Cassiterides dates back to the Archaic period, as the place where the tin that the Phoenicians traded in came from. Traces of this trade can be analysed through the Phoenician emporia in Portugal and the inland routes through the Meseta. However, from the end of the 5th century BC until the Roman period, Gadir (Cadiz) monopolised the tin trade through the direct and systematic presence of its traders in the Galician forts.
- [The oppidum of Bailo-La Silla del Papa. Habitat and necropolis on the northern shore of the Strait of Gibraltar](https://historylab.es/the-oppidum-of-bailo-la-silla-del-papa-habitat-and-necropolis-on-the-northern-shore-of-the-strait-of-gibraltar/) - A key site on the northern shore of the Strait of Gibraltar, the Silla del Papa was occupied throughout the first millennium BC. In constant contact with the populations of the African coast, this fortified enclave was successively influenced by the Phoenicians, Carthaginians and Romans. It developed a particularly original form of high-rise urban planning. Its inhabitants abandoned it at the beginning of the reign of Augustus to build a new city, more in keeping with the canons of Roman urban planning and on the edge of the Atlantic coast (Baelo Claudia). The site probably already bore the name that the High-Imperial municipality would keep: "Bailo", according to the bilingual legend (Punic and Latin) on its coins. Today it lies 4 km from the coast, at the highest point of a small mountain range, the Sierra de la Plata (457 m), which closes off the bay of Bolonia to the west. The site has three advantages that could not but attract the people who frequented the strait: formidable natural defences formed by almost vertical rocky outcrops, an abundance of water from a spring at the foot of these rocky outcrops, and finally, a commanding position offering extensive views in all directions: Tangier to the south, Djebel Moussa and Ceuta to the east, and Cape Trafalgar and the Bay of Cadiz to the west. As will be seen in this paper, this oppidum was home to a mixed community, with indigenous and Semitic components first, and possibly Italic later. As a result of an international and inter-university research project, several sectors of the habitat, two necropolises and a Visigothic church have been excavated at the Silla del Papa in recent years.
- [Cities and states in Celtic Europe](https://historylab.es/cities-and-states-in-celtic-europe/) - In contrast to the old paradigms that opposed a Mediterranean of cities and states to a Celtic Europe of villages and tribes, new archaeological research now depicts the end of the Second Iron Age as a complex and dynamic world, in which state structures developed and a characteristic urbanism germinated. Following the publication of the volume Oppida. Cities of Celtic Europe, published by the journal Desperta Ferro Archaeology and History, the symposium brings together a dozen researchers to analyse the keys to these phenomena in different areas of the Celtic world - demography, society, urban planning, identities and warfare - from the Iberian Peninsula to Gaul, in the period before the intervention of Rome.
- [Numantia or Sagunto: myth and history, identity and memory](https://historylab.es/numantia-or-sagunto-myth-and-history-identity-and-memory/) - This meeting about Numantia and Sagunto is part of the programme managed by the National Commission for the Commemoration of "NUMANCIA 2017" of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport. It is a dynamic presentation about these two sister cities of antiquity, Numantia and Sagunto, symbols of identity, resistance and courage in the collective imagination, facing great enemies: Rome and Carthage. The joint presentation of these two mythical cities, in the form of a dialogue, provides the added value of offering more nuanced views from the historical-archaeological, historiographical and informative points of view.
- [When ceramics speak. The power of technology to interpret past societies](https://historylab.es/when-ceramics-speak-the-power-of-technology-to-interpret-past-societies/) - Seminar. The aim of the seminar is to present the most recent research on the manufacture of pottery on the wheel, its introduction into the Iberian Peninsula and its evolution in the Iron Age. The seminar will reflect on the results provided by the analysis of ceramic pieces from different points of view, including studies of social, economic and ideological dynamics, archaeometry and ethnoarchaeology. All of them provide new and suggestive realities of that society, which gradually abandoned the manufacture of handmade pottery in favour of pottery made on a potter's wheel.
- [The Late Epoch: a time of great wars and great changes in the Iberian world](https://historylab.es/the-late-epoch-a-time-of-great-wars-and-great-changes-in-the-iberian-world/) - The Lower Epoch of Iberian Culture, 40 years later. Symposium commemorating the 50th anniversary of the AEAA.
- [The funerary world in the Late Epoch of Iberian culture](https://historylab.es/the-funerary-world-in-the-late-epoch-of-iberian-culture/) - The Lower Epoch of Iberian Culture, 40 years later. Symposium commemorating the 50th anniversary of the AEAA.
- [A large medieval cemetery on the Camino de Santiago: excavations in the Biscós square in Jaca](https://historylab.es/a-large-medieval-cemetery-on-the-camino-de-santiago-excavations-in-the-biscos-square-in-jaca/) - Biscós Square is located at the northern end of the historic centre of Jaca; it has been an open space for public use since the beginning of the 16th century, when it became known as Campo del Toro (Bull's Field). It had previously housed the Main Cemetery for four hundred years, from the end of the 11th century. This space was the subject of archaeological excavations between 2005 and 2006, on the occasion of the construction of an underground car park. The work brought to light almost 900 tombs of various types, as well as the remains of the wall that had been demolished at the beginning of the 20th century. Among the findings were around twenty burials with Pecten shells that link this area to the Pilgrim's Way to Santiago de Compostela. The documentation of the Main Cemetery has recently been completed with archaeological excavations carried out in neighbouring plots (Plaza Biscós no. 2 and Plaza Ripa no. 4), documenting around fifty tombs, belonging to the first phase of use of the necropolis and which mainly housed infants and children.
- [Forms of knowledge. The liberal arts in the cathedral cloister of Salamanca](https://historylab.es/forms-of-knowledge-the-liberal-arts-in-the-cathedral-cloister-of-salamanca/) - The University of Salamanca, like other European centres, was constituted before the process of royal concession of c. 1218, so that the knowledge preserved in the cloisters would be the seed of the cultural recomposition. In addition to the books identified and other elements that provide information on the cultural universe in which the protagonists who would eventually make up the Estudio General de Salamanca moved, it is the preserved sculptural representations that confirm the relevance of the knowledge within its walls, by recognising the personification of the Liberal Arts in several Romanesque capitals in its battered cloister. According to what has been analysed to date, these are the most remote figurations located on the Peninsula, a milestone in close agreement with those observed in the rest of Europe. These cultural manifestations confirm that, prior to the foundation of the Studio, a powerful and highly qualified cultural elite existed in the Cathedral during the 12th and 13th centuries and that knowledge was given great importance.
- [Proposals for a reconstruction and interpretation of the south doorway of Jaca Cathedral](https://historylab.es/proposals-for-a-reconstruction-and-interpretation-of-the-south-doorway-of-jaca-cathedral/) - The southern doorway of Jaca Cathedral is much less well known than the western entrance to the church, with its famous chrism and inscriptions. However, it was one of the first historiated doorways in the Romanesque style in the Iberian Peninsula. The alterations suffered over the centuries and the loss of original elements have undoubtedly contributed to this historiographical neglect. A hypothesis for the reconstruction of the ensemble, based on the study of components still in situ and other decontextualised elements, will make it possible to highlight its singularities and propose new keys for reading its images. In this sense, the cathedral doorway is revealed as an important milestone in the creation of visual discourses and the configuration of entrance typologies at the end of the 11th century.
- [Los Hitos (Arisgotas -Orgaz-, Toledo). From aristocratic pavilion to "uillula"](https://historylab.es/los-hitos-arisgotas-orgaz-toledo-from-aristocratic-pavilion-to-uillula/) - The archaeological site of Los Hitos (Arisgotas -Orgaz-, Toledo) is an important rural and sacred complex related to the Late Antique elites of the capital of Toledo. The archaeological and documentary records reveal the process of monumentalisation of Toledo and its territory throughout the 7th century, and allow us to understand the collapse of the Roman territorial model based on uillae (e.g. Carranque), and its replacement by a genuine Visigothic model in which monastic, sacred and funerary complexes, as in the case of Los Hitos, constituted new references in territorial planning. The architecture documented in this area is particularly valuable in this sense and context and, consequently, served to transform the image of the cities, territories and landscapes linked to kings, aristocracies and religious elites.
- [The Nasrid citadel of Salobreña (Granada): architecture at the service of power](https://historylab.es/the-nasrid-citadel-of-salobrena-granada-architecture-at-the-service-of-power/) - Following organisational models that are well documented in Andalusian citadels, the Salobreña citadel is divided into three enclosures that had very different uses. The layout of the three gates that mark its perimeter corresponds to a very sophisticated design for the relationship and control of the surrounding territory: the port, the medina and the countryside. Inside, there is a complex system of checkpoints designed to guarantee maximum security, especially that of the enclosure at the top of the mountain, which is none other than the palatine area. In the latter we can identify the very scant remains of the main residence and a tower-qubba which, in addition to housing the throne room, served to stage Nasrid power in front of the jetty at its foot. Attached to the palace and at a lower level, we have exhumed a bath that conserved part of its original glazed floor tiles. The remains of both buildings are sufficient to affirm that their articulation and the presence of the tower-qubba correspond to the existing model in the palace of Comares in the Alhambra.
- [Monasteries and monasticism in medieval Spain](https://historylab.es/monasteries-and-monasticism-in-medieval-spain/) - We usually associate monasteries with the Middle Ages. Monks, nuns, friars and canons played a fundamental role throughout this millennium, both in religious, cultural and economic life. There were different forms of monasticism, both male and female, from the diversity of the early Middle Ages to the establishment of religious orders, and monasteries were an articulating element of society, from the aristocracy to the peasantry. The desire to attain the perfection of Christian life clashed with the adaptation to society, in a tension that took the form of scandals and reforms. The relationship with the laity, between protection and abuse; the attitude to teaching and written culture; the different ways of organising the life of the monastic community; intercessory prayer for the living and the dead; and the tensions with bishops and secular clerics, all marked the evolution of the monastic life.
- [Plant food in the Iberian Peninsula in medieval times based on archaeobotanical evidence](https://historylab.es/plant-food-in-the-iberian-peninsula-in-medieval-times-based-on-archaeobotanical-evidence/) - Despite being a fundamental element in the life of human communities, plants have attracted little interest in medieval archaeology. However, in recent years, there has been a growing interest in gaining a detailed understanding of the role of plants in medieval communities and this project responds to this interest. This project, funded by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, aims to: a) investigate the variety of plants used in the Iberian Peninsula in medieval times (6th-11th centuries AD); b) determine the introduction of new species and, c) study the interaction between human groups and plant species through different practices.
- [The archaeological site of the castle of La Estrella de Montiel: fortress, medieval village and battlefield](https://historylab.es/the-archaeological-site-of-the-castle-of-la-estrella-de-montiel-fortress-medieval-village-and-battlefield/) - Since 2012, systematic excavation campaigns and preventive consolidation and restoration work have been carried out at the archaeological site of the Estrella de Montiel castle. The result of this work has been the discovery of a Muslim hisn, a castle of the Order of Santiago, the primitive parish church of the Virgen de la Estrella, part of the town planning and walls of the medieval town, and a series of very significant archaeological materials.Since 2018 the project has focused on the archaeological study of the Battle of Montiel (1369), in whose outcome King Pedro I of Castile died, locating the scenes of the battle and documenting various materials and structures from the conflict.
- [Vascos: an enigmatic Andalusian enclave](https://historylab.es/vascos-an-enigmatic-andalusian-enclave/) - The site known as Vascos (Navalmoralejo, Toledo), despite all the monuments it has preserved, has no contemporary documentary references, so it has always raised many questions about its origin and meaning, as well as its own name. The excavations that have been carried out on the site since 1975, apart from providing us with material evidence of the daily life of those who lived there, also lead us to consider that we are dealing with an enclave that was founded in the Umayyad period with the aim of being a metallurgical production centre and that later, in the 11th century, in the Taifa period, it became a centre for metallurgical production, in the 11th century, during the Taifa period, it became an urbanised enclosure with eminently military functions, given its strategic location in the territory of al-Andalus at that time and especially in the Taifa of Toledo.
- [Metal mining in al-Andalus: a pending subject?](https://historylab.es/metal-mining-in-al-andalus-a-pending-subject/) - Mining in Al-Andalus is a subject with many interesting facets. Heir to Roman and Visigoth mining, it will also open its own paths in mining practice thanks to the technological advances experienced in the Arabian Peninsula between the 6th and 9th centuries. Arabic written sources will be analysed, covering topics such as property, mining, the manipulation of metals and the alchemical uses of minerals. Relevant issues such as the relationship between mineral wealth and the manoeuvres of conquest, the link between mining and the forms of population of the territory, the expansion and commercialisation of these mining materials in the Andalusian period, as well as their legal forms of exploitation will be dealt with.
- [X Jornadas Complutenses de Arte Medieval: En busc@ del saber: Spaces and networks of knowledge in the Mediterranean](https://historylab.es/x-jornadas-complutenses-de-arte-medieval-en-busc-del-saber-spaces-and-networks-of-knowledge-in-the-mediterranean/) - The aim of this conference is to explore different aspects of the construction of spaces and artistic production related to medieval knowledge and learning, covering different geographical, cultural and social areas of the Mediterranean.
- [The irradiation of power from Toledo, capital of the Visigothic kingdom](https://historylab.es/the-irradiation-of-power-from-toledo-capital-of-the-visigothic-kingdom/) - 5th Seminar on Medieval Archaeology, Art and History. Irradiation of power from Toledo in the Visigothic period, presenting a multidisciplinary reflection on the most significant archaeological research and excavations carried out in recent years.
- [Iconotropy. Symbolic and material alterations of the ancient and medieval cult image](https://historylab.es/iconotropy-symbolic-and-material-alterations-of-the-ancient-and-medieval-cult-image/) - I Seminar on the ancient and medieval cult image. Iconotropy is a word of Greek origin that literally means "movement/change of the image". According to William J. Hamblin (2007), iconotropy is the cultural phenomenon whereby there is an "accidental or deliberate misinterpretation by one culture of the images or myths of another, especially to bring them into accord with the first culture". Thus, both in the classical culture of antiquity and in medieval culture, we can identify numerous testimonies of how - on a symbolic and material level - cult images were involved in processes of misinterpretation produced by another culture. The international seminar "Iconotropy: symbolic and material alterations of the ancient and medieval cult image" aims to revitalise studies on the ancient and medieval cult image based on the concept of "iconotropy" (movement/change of the image), and to show researchers and students how the subject can still be approached from a multidisciplinary and innovative perspective that allows common denominators to be reached in defining the symbolic and material changes of these images in different chronologies, epochs and mentalities.
- [Culture and Otherness in the Iberian Peninsula in the Middle and Modern Ages](https://historylab.es/culture-and-otherness-in-the-iberian-peninsula-in-the-middle-and-modern-ages/) - 6th Seminar on Medieval Archaeology, Art and History. The aim of this seminar is to reflect on the value of material culture in the construction of identities in frontier societies or in processes of acculturation. Through a comparative study of the material culture associated with the different religious groups and social strata of the Peninsula, as well as inventories of secular and religious buildings, archaeological finds and the production and circulation of objects, we will analyse attitudes such as reuse, the meaning of spolia, appropriation or resemantization, in a long-term spectrum. Only through a multidisciplinary and diachronic approach can we understand these phenomena and advance our knowledge of our heritage. Topics such as the household furnishings of Mudejars, Old Christians and Moors; the trade and exchange of objects (textiles, books, weapons, scientific equipment, etc.) in the Mediterranean context, with its centres of production and consumption; spolia, the destruction and reuse of these objects, and the relations between centres of power and centres of knowledge through their material culture will be dealt with.
- [The "Priestess of the Sun" and "The Sidereal Necklace": Tomb 53 in Clares (Guadalajara)](https://historylab.es/the-priestess-of-the-sun-and-the-sidereal-necklace-tomb-53-in-clares-guadalajara/) - Gaining an understanding of the funerary world is always difficult, as we are trying to understand ideas and beliefs developed by a long-gone society, and we only have archaeological materials and written sources.
- [Celtic religiosity](https://historylab.es/celtic-religiosity/) - Video of the permanent exhibition of the National Archaeological Museum. Protohistoric Area: Celtic peoples.
- [Villages and oppida. Elites and craftsmen](https://historylab.es/villages-and-oppida-elites-and-craftsmen/) - Video of the permanent exhibition of the National Archaeological Museum. Protohistoric area: Celtic peoples.
- [The last times of the presence of the Jews in the Hispanic kingdoms: from the persecutions of 1391 to the expulsion of 1492](https://historylab.es/the-last-times-of-the-presence-of-the-jews-in-the-hispanic-kingdoms-from-the-persecutions-of-1391-to-the-expulsion-of-1492/) - Reflection on the importance of the presence of the Jewish people in the Iberian Peninsula between the 4th and 15th centuries, from the communities attested in the Late Antique period to their fundamental role in late medieval Hispanic society, also giving special relevance to the recent results provided by archaeological research.
- [The sumptuary arts: specificities and similarities](https://historylab.es/the-sumptuary-arts-specificities-and-similarities/) - The strong networks of cultural exchange that linked the Iberian Peninsula and Egypt during the Middle Ages explain the extraordinary collection of objects of Egyptian origin preserved on the Peninsula. In addition to the rock crystal objects and the silver and ivory chests of Fatimid origin, the collection of bronzes from Denia, the treasures of Fatimid coins and the Egyptian ceramics that reached al-Andalus or, conversely, the Andalusian ceramics found in Fustat, have recently been added. At the round table discussion Sumptuary arts: specificities and similarities, several specialists will debate the reflection of these cultural connections in the sumptuary arts and the problems posed by the identification of the origin of the luxury products preserved in the Iberian Peninsula, Egypt and other parts of the Mediterranean. These objects are the best testimonies of a globalised Mediterranean where a dynamic cultural and artistic dialogue existed.
- [Tomb of a labourer? Celtiberian from Turmiel (Guadalajara) in the National Archaeological Museum](https://historylab.es/tomb-of-a-labourer-celtiberian-from-turmiel-guadalajara-in-the-national-archaeological-museum/) - Excavations in the necropolis of Turmiel. A group whose components are useful determinants of an activity, that of the labourer, perhaps related to the profession of the deceased or his economic interests, but which in any case allow us to establish the existence of a specialised activity around which the Greco-Latin calendar based on the growth of crops revolved.
- [Astrolabes in al-Andalus and the Medieval Hispanic kingdoms](https://historylab.es/astrolabes-in-al-andalus-and-the-medieval-hispanic-kingdoms/) - Debate by a group of specialists on the astrolabes made in al-Andalus and in the Hispanic medieval kingdoms as a paradigmatic example of symbiosis between art and science. The central theme will be two recently published books: "Astrolabios en al-Andalus y los reinos medievales hispanos" and "Catálogo razonado de los astrolabios de la España medieval" by Azucena Hernández Pérez, who will be accompanied by science historians David A. King (Univ. Frankfurt) and Julio Samsó (Univ. Barcelona) and art historians Susana Calvo, Javier Martínez de Aguirre and Juan Carlos Ruiz Souza, all from the Complutense University of Madrid. The multiple dimensions of the astrolabe will be highlighted: scientific, cultural, symbolic and artistic, emphasising the connections between the astrolabes, the architectural spaces "of knowledge" and the cultural reality in which Andalusian production and that of the Hispanic Christian kingdoms intertwined and which, in the books mentioned, dialogue and meet again. Aspects such as the manufacture of an astrolabe, from its conception and design to its materialisation, or the presence of the astrolabe in madrasas, mosques, monasteries and universities, will also be dealt with.
- [Technology and science at the service of medieval societies. Educational series on water, paper and medicine in the Middle Ages](https://historylab.es/technology-and-science-at-the-service-of-medieval-societies-educational-series-on-water-paper-and-medicine-in-the-middle-ages/) - As part of Science Week, the MAN's Department of Medieval Antiquities proposes to show how the development of technology and science had a positive impact on everyday life in the Middle Ages and favoured greater social equality. In this historical period, especially in al-Andalus, a series of innovations were introduced with interlinked effects: new means of water management, such as the waterwheel with arcaduces, had an impact on the production of paper, a technique imported to the Peninsula at this time. This, in turn, brought about a real revolution in written and scientific culture, contributing to the development of medicine and pharmacopoeia.
- [Crisis and change. Two historical moments, two solutions](https://historylab.es/crisis-and-change-two-historical-moments-two-solutions/) - Summary of the guided tour offered by the Museum in the context of International Museum Day, in which ICOM proposed to reflect on the value of museums for the construction of a fair and sustainable future, advocating the creative potential of culture as an engine of recovery and innovation in the post-Covid era. During this day, our Museum proposes to reflect on the present by looking back to the past and analysing two moments of crisis and change that were crucial for the future of our culture. These moments took place during the final stage of the Roman Empire and in the transition between the High and Late Middle Ages. In both cases, a complex and difficult situation was transformed into an opportunity for adaptation and change.
- [Death and resurrection of a dismembered monastery. Santa María la Real of Aguilar de Campoo](https://historylab.es/death-and-resurrection-of-a-dismembered-monastery-santa-maria-la-real-of-aguilar-de-campoo/) - On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the restoration of the Premonstratensian monastery of Aguilar de Campoo (Palencia), the Santa María la Real Foundation is giving a conference on the past, present and future of this exceptional testimony of our cultural heritage. During the conference, given by the director of the institution, Juan Carlos Prieto, and the director of the Centro de Estudios del Románico, Jaime Nuño, the evolution of the monastery over the last four decades and the cultural activities that are currently being organised to generate development in the area will be explained to the audience.
- [Wine Archaeology in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages](https://historylab.es/wine-archaeology-in-late-antiquity-and-the-middle-ages/) - Yolanda Peña Cervantes, PhD in archaeology and specialist in the study of production processes and the spaces used for the production of wine and oil, will present at the MAN her research on the archaeology of wine in the Late Antique and Medieval periods. She will analyse the production processes of this product on the basis of the available archaeological evidence, as well as its consumption patterns in this historical period, without forgetting its transcendental symbolic importance for Christianity.
- [The Church of San Miguel Arcángel. A castellated church in Turégano (Segovia)](https://historylab.es/the-church-of-san-miguel-arcangel-a-castellated-church-in-turegano-segovia/) - The castellated churches present a very singular typology, we can distinguish two large groups, those that arose as churches and were later fortified, or, in the opposite case, towers or castles on which churches were attached. It is essential to recognise the construction sequence in castellated churches in order to understand their reality. In the case in question, the scarcity of documents, as well as the changes in its structure, related to the different uses of the castle and the tastes of the time, make the task of reaching precise conclusions notoriously complicated, although at present we can shed some light on the historiography surrounding the Church of San Miguel Arcángel and, therefore, the Castle of Turégano.
- [Guarrazar, an archaeological project with cultural, environmental and socio-economic aims](https://historylab.es/guarrazar-an-archaeological-project-with-cultural-environmental-and-socio-economic-aims/) - Juan Manuel Rojas, archaeologist in charge of the latest excavation campaigns at Guarrazar (Guadamur, Toledo), will present at the MAN the recent developments at the site, where the famous Visigothic Treasure was found and is on display in room 23 of the Museum. This conference will give an overview of the objectives with which the project Guarrazar: Archaeology and new resources was born in 2012, and how it has developed until 2015. As the title says, in the two years and four months that have passed since the first excavations began, not only have there been a series of interesting archaeological discoveries, which point to the existence of a monastic-palace complex from the Visigothic period, but also spaces of environmental interest are being recovered and a programme of dissemination of the rich heritage of Guarrazar has been launched. This programme consists of opening the site to the public by means of guided tours, educational activities, cultural events, etc., through which it is intended to make the Project sustainable.
- [The astrolabe of Ibrahim Ibn Said](https://historylab.es/the-astrolabe-of-ibrahim-ibn-said/) - astrolabe
- [The Fibula of Alovera and the "Aryan" obsession](https://historylab.es/the-fibula-of-alovera-and-the-aryan-obsession/) - Lecture series "The power of the past. 150 years of Archaeology in Spain".
- [El Tolmo de Minateda](https://historylab.es/el-tolmo-de-minateda/) - 'El Tolmo de Minateda' is a hill that stands at a strategic crossroads between the southern Meseta and the Mediterranean coast. It has been inhabited since the Bronze Age. In 1988, a systematic project was initiated by the University of Alicante and the Museum of Albacete. The project, directed by Lorenzo Abad, Sonia Gutiérrez, Blanca Gamo and Pablo Cánovas, involves several overlapping sites and, consequently, very different historical problems in their own diachronic sequence, which are dealt with by different teams. Among all the lines developed, it is worth highlighting the significance of 'El Tolmo de Minateda' for research into the Early Middle Ages. The peculiar diachrony of the settlement, practically uninhabited before the 7th century and abandoned in its urban condition after the 9th century, makes it a spectacular laboratory for analysing the early medieval phases that are usually diluted in other urban centres of Roman or Islamic origin. 'El Tolmo' shows an urban space from the Visigothic period in the process of Islamisation, but which does not yet reflect the triumph of Islamic society. This opens up new research perspectives that require us to reconsider the problem of the revival of certain cities in the Visigothic period in a framework of a supposed crisis of urban life; the materiality of their urban facilities and the level of their buildings; the transformation of domestic structures and the influence of Islamisation on this evolution; the definition of pre-caliphate Islamic urban planning; the survival of indigenous traditions in the culture and the material indicators of social and cultural change, etc.
- [Calatrava la Vieja: from an Andalusian city to the cradle of a military order. 8th-15th centuries](https://historylab.es/calatrava-la-vieja-from-an-andalusian-city-to-the-cradle-of-a-military-order-8th-15th-centuries/) - Presentation of the results obtained after more than 30 archaeological intervention campaigns at this important medieval site in La Meseta. On the south bank of the Guadiana, with pre-Roman antecedents, its importance in history dates back to the 9th century, in the Andalusian period, when it became the main inhabited centre on the road between Córdoba and Toledo. In the mid-12th century, when it passed into Christian hands for the first time, it was the place where the first Hispanic military order was founded, adopting its toponym as its name. Its important strategic role would last and grow during the seventeen years in which it passed back into Islamic hands under the Almohads, thus becoming the vanguard of their power in al-Andalus. After 1212, when it definitively became part of the kingdom of Castile, its role in the region was gradually replaced by other towns, and it was finally abandoned at the beginning of the 15th century.
- [Holy war in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. Crusade and the ideology of the reconquest](https://historylab.es/holy-war-in-the-iberian-peninsula-during-the-middle-ages-crusade-and-the-ideology-of-the-reconquest/) - From the first expedition for the liberation of the Holy Land, which was convened at Clermont (1085) and ended in Jerusalem (1099), the archetype of the crusade par excellence was constructed. The model was refined and underpinned by later canonists, who took it upon themselves to define the institution as a very specific type of warfare: a "holy war" because of its orientation towards the defence of the Church and Christianity, which could only be proclaimed by the Pope, whose participants recognised themselves as crusaders/crucesignati by means of certain symbolic elements or by taking a vow, and which was associated with a series of spiritual and temporal privileges, which could only be guaranteed by the pontiff as a form of remuneration for a service. On the basis of these elements, the perception that emerges from the phenomenon is that it responds to a plurality of practical manifestations that can be perceived over time and space in different scenarios.
- [Archaeology of the late medieval Jewish quarter of Lorca (Murcia)](https://historylab.es/archaeology-of-the-late-medieval-jewish-quarter-of-lorca-murcia/) - The excavation of the castle of Lorca (Murcia) over the last fifteen years has brought to light the archaeological remains of a complete Jewish quarter from the 14th and 15th centuries. Among the different elements found, its synagogue stands out, which is one of the few preserved examples of this type of medieval building that has come down to us without having been transformed into a church, and its spectacular set of glass chandeliers. The project developed in the late medieval Jewish quarter of Lorca allows us to reconstruct daily life on the Castilian-Nazari border and to define some archaeological indicators for the identification of medieval Jewish populations.
- [The forms of rural urbanity in al-Andalus Taifa. Peasant strategies of consumption and distinction in the farmhouse of El Quemao (Sarrión, Teruel)](https://historylab.es/the-forms-of-rural-urbanity-in-al-andalus-taifa-peasant-strategies-of-consumption-and-distinction-in-the-farmhouse-of-el-quemao-sarrion-teruel/) - We present the data obtained during the three archaeological excavation campaigns (2015, 2017 and 2018) carried out at El Quemao (Sarrión, Teruel), an Andalusian farmhouse made up of a dozen dwellings with a central courtyard that was occupied between the Caliphate and Taifa periods. The documentation work, which has already made it possible to recognise the complete plan of the settlement, has focused on carrying out several probes in four of the dwellings with the aim of gaining in-depth knowledge of the functioning of the domestic routines of the rural communities in this part of al-Andalus.
- [Almallutx. Last Muslim settlement in Mallorca](https://historylab.es/almallutx-last-muslim-settlement-in-mallorca/) - Almallutx is a Muslim site of more than 120,000 m2, located in the Serra de Tramuntana mountain range in Mallorca, which is the last Muslim settlement on the island. It is an authentic urban nucleus, created on the site of a farmhouse by the Muslims who fled to the mountains after the conquest of King Jaume I.
- [A singular monument of Late Antique Hispania: the cultual ensemble of Marialba de la Ribera (Villaturiel, León)](https://historylab.es/a-singular-monument-of-late-antique-hispania-the-cultual-ensemble-of-marialba-de-la-ribera-villaturiel-leon/) - The basilica building at Marialba has been known since the excavations carried out by the researchers Helmunt Schlunk and Theodor Hauschild of the German Archaeological Institute in Madrid in 1968-1970, who described it as one of the first martyrial basilicas in Hispania. However, many details of the complex are still unknown. The new archaeological research aims to determine its origin, extension and function in each of the construction phases from the 4th to the 14th century, with different uses of the space, from the initial aula, successively converted into a mausoleum, a baptismal church and a funerary area.
- [The petrification of wealth in the Middle Ages](https://historylab.es/the-petrification-of-wealth-in-the-middle-ages/) - The 'Petrifying Wealth' project analyses the structural changes in Europe that led to the birth of a new architectural landscape between the 11th and 13th centuries, characterised by the widespread and rapid spread of masonry. Between 1050 and 1300 the European landscape turned to stone. It was a structural transformation that led to the birth of a new, long-lasting landscape and helped to create individual, collective and regional identities: a landscape that embodies the way we see the space and territory of Europe. This project seeks to rewrite the social history of the central Middle Ages, emphasising the need to reassess from an untested perspective an element that has always been present in our view of the period - the sudden ubiquity of masonry construction - but has hardly been given the opportunity to provide in-depth explanations for complex social dynamics. A project that seeks to offer new explanations to previously unasked questions about wealth, construction and collective identity.
- [Osma, the unknown Christian castle on the frontier of al-Andalus in the 10th century: studies and interventions of the Master Plan](https://historylab.es/osma-the-unknown-christian-castle-on-the-frontier-of-al-andalus-in-the-10th-century-studies-and-interventions-of-the-master-plan/) - Study of the fortress has revealed its importance as one of the oldest and most important Christian fortifications in Europe. Built around the year 930 by King Ramiro II of León, it served as a frontier for Christianity against the power of the Caliphate of Córdoba. The complex evolutionary process of its construction, the extraordinary constructive qualities of Ramiro and the exceptional nature and technological sophistication of its defence arrow slits are some of the elements on which the current proposals for study and recovery contained in the Master Plan are based.
- [The image of Santiago el Mayor on the French Route through Castile and Leon](https://historylab.es/the-image-of-santiago-el-mayor-on-the-french-route-through-castile-and-leon/) - The complex process of construction and evolution of the image of the Apostle James in European art from the early Middle Ages to the present day is one of the most fascinating chapters in the analysis of hagiographic iconography. This is not so much because of its eschatological depth, but because of the thaumaturgical and inspirational power of the fisherman, brother of John the Evangelist, member of Jesus' close circle and evangeliser of Hispania. Driven by the extraordinary boom in pilgrimages after the invention of his tomb at the beginning of the 9th century, the three iconographic types spread throughout Europe: apostle, warrior - Miles Christi, champion of the Christian kingdoms against Muslim domination and later patron saint of these kingdoms - and pilgrim. And together with his image, significant symbols in themselves, such as the scallop.
- [Rituality and exhibition. Knowledge of medieval Christian liturgy through images, books and museum objects](https://historylab.es/rituality-and-exhibition-knowledge-of-medieval-christian-liturgy-through-images-books-and-museum-objects/) - The liturgy permeated the life of medieval Christians, making its presence felt on a daily basis in all spheres of their existence. This ritual component of medieval religiosity has survived to the present day either through the numerous written sources we have preserved or through the meanings of some of the pieces exhibited in museums today (such as objects, ornaments, books or iconographic scenes in other works of art). The interpretative possibilities of the ritual past of the Middle Ages offered by some of these works exhibited today are enormously broad: from bringing the general public closer to the Christian cultic dimension of a thousand years ago, to making possible new scientific paradigms for researchers in ritual studies. Based on the analysis of some paradigmatic cases of national and international institutions, we propose an approach to the ritual culture of medieval Christianity centred on the medieval objects that are preserved and exhibited to the public.
- [A contributory note to the history of technology in Al-Andalus: the oldest known sublimators?](https://historylab.es/a-contributory-note-to-the-history-of-technology-in-al-andalus-the-oldest-known-sublimators/) - The history of science records the existence of sublimators in the Byzantine world from the time of the Lower Empire, but none are known to exist in material form, the oldest being one described in a 13th century manuscript. A growing number of brass pieces have been brought to the Museum, and their chronological attribution to the 9th century AD is certain. A ceramic piece found in the excavations at Pechina (Almería) allows us to simulate its use and date.
- [Silos and Limoges](https://historylab.es/silos-and-limoges/) - To speak of Silos and Limoges is to consider a fundamental chapter in the history of enamelling in medieval times.
- [15th-century painting in the National Archaeological Museum. I](https://historylab.es/15th-century-painting-in-the-national-archaeological-museum-i/) - The aim of this study is to research and analyse the 15th-century panel paintings in the National Archaeological Museum, whose artists' names are well known. These works reveal the stylistic evolution of the Spanish schools, in which the Italo-Gothic, International and Flemish artistic currents are represented.
- [15th-century painting in the National Archaeological Museum. II](https://historylab.es/15th-century-painting-in-the-national-archaeological-museum-ii/) - The aim of this research is to complete the work published in 1997 in the Boletín del M.A.N., thus fulfilling the aim of making known the complete collection of 15th-century panel paintings in the National Archaeological Museum. This article includes the anonymous 15th-century paintings and those attributed to the masters of Osma, Paredes de Nava and San Nicolás.
- [Secundum legem debet mori. The Prophets and the Trial of Jesus in Literature and Art](https://historylab.es/secundum-legem-debet-mori-the-prophets-and-the-trial-of-jesus-in-literature-and-art/) - In Pamplona Cathedral, an image of Christ Crucified is venerated which presides over an original altarpiece from the beginning of the 16th century - no doubt recomposed in the 19th century - made up of sixteen patriarchs from the Old Testament wearing phylacteries, whose texts reveal their inspiration in the French late medieval Mysteries. The altarpiece of the Christ of Caparroso originally appeared, together with the altarpiece of Saint Thomas, in the funerary chapel of Pedro Marcilla de Caparroso, whose tombstone has recently been recovered. The extensive representation of prophets and other characters from the Old Law in the altarpiece of Santo Cristo has led me to propose as a possible source the Mystery Secundum legem debet mori, by Denis Roce, or some other lost text. This text forms part of the large number of Moralities and Mysteries throughout Europe, but which originated in France, based on verse 7 of chapter 19 of the Gospel of John Nos legem habemus et secundum legem debet mori. In the aforementioned Mystery, the theatrical foundation was sought for the prophets of the "well of Moses" of the Charterhouse of Charnprnol, some of whose verses appear in the Myst&e de Rouergue, whose main source is the Preces de Bélia, written in Aversa (Naples). The Virgin plays an extraordinarily active role in the process. She pleads with the prophets, as judges, the cause of her Son condemned to die. She hoped to obtain a favourable sentence from them in order to spare him death. The prophets, however, pronounced inexorable verses taken from their books. They all answer, by their respective prophecies, that in order to save men, Christ must die. Throughout this study I make an excursus on the various medieval sources of the Mysteries in Sermons and Meditations, which stirred society in the autumn of the Middle Ages.
- [Encounter of the three living and the three dead and the late medieval Dances of Death in SpainExternal link](https://historylab.es/encounter-of-the-three-living-and-the-three-dead-and-the-late-medieval-dances-of-death-in-spainexternal-link/) - The "Encounter of the Three Living and the Three Dead" and the "Danzas Macabras", known in Spain as the "Dances of Death", are two iconographic themes that perfectly reflect the situation of anguish that was palpable in European society at the end of the Middle Ages. More than a critique of classes, which does exist, the prevailing thought is the reality of all social classes, equalised in the face of Death. Mural painting is one of the most common mediums for the development of very large programmes in which the above-mentioned themes are associated with the wheel of Fortune and, to a lesser extent, the ride of the deadly sins, the latter without reference in Spain.
- [The Asturian jet makers of the 16th century: the art and industry of jet. Survivals](https://historylab.es/the-asturian-jet-makers-of-the-16th-century-the-art-and-industry-of-jet-survivals/) - This article analyses the work of the Asturian azabacheros, justified among other reasons by the large number of mines, especially on the eastern coast. Their great mastery of their work meant that they were contracted from Santiago de Compostela itself, the only recipient of the material. The work of jet has continued up to the present day, as is reflected in the numerous objects of various types that exist.
- [Ampullae: pilgrim ampoules at the National Archaeological Museum](https://historylab.es/ampullae-pilgrim-ampoules-at-the-national-archaeological-museum/) - In this paper we present an individualised study of a group of pieces connected very directly with the world of pilgrimages in general, and in particular with the saint Menas, patron saint of Christian Egypt from the 4th century onwards.
- [Astrologers and astrolabes: the origin of Astronomy](https://historylab.es/astrologers-and-astrolabes-the-origin-of-astronomy/) - The movement of the sun in the sky, the succession of days and nights, the astonishing spectacle of millions of stars shining in the blackness of space, were questions that preoccupied man ever since the light of intelligence shone in his mind. This is a brief history of their astronomical discoveries up to the Middle Ages
- [Iconostasis and iconos](https://historylab.es/iconostasis-and-iconos/) - The iconostasis is, in the Orthodox world, the Western equivalent of the altarpiece, i.e. the framework in which the icons are inscribed, which are analysed in their hierarchical aspect and liturgical significance, as well as the progressive creation of new themes over the centuries. The evolution of the iconostasis from its birth to the present day is also analysed, emphasising the prominent role of Russia, through its great artists and derived schools.
- [Presence of religious iconography on clerical tombs in the Burgos area](https://historylab.es/presence-of-religious-iconography-on-clerical-tombs-in-the-burgos-area/) - The purpose of this work is to approach the religious mentality, beliefs and devotions through the study of the iconography applied to the sepulchres of the clergy, which as a whole constitute one of the fundamental sources of knowledge of late medieval spirituality. The choice of the Burgos area is due to the consideration that the most interesting collection in Castile is preserved there, both in terms of quantity and quality, and for this reason, knowledge of it can be useful, and also suggestive for establishing comparisons with other centres of activity in the Peninsula.

## Pages

- [Home](https://historylab.es/) - Over of one thousand of digital resources Ten cross-cutting topics of History of Europe History teacher training courses Top Categories What is Europe? View collection Social and economic impact View collection Rural world and urban world View collection Family, daily life and social View collection Power and powers View collection Under a cloak of terror
- [Churches and religions in Europe.](https://historylab.es/activities-churches-and-religions/) - Activities Religious discrimination in Europe. Jerusalem, the city of three faiths. Syncretism.
- [Travels and travelers: economic, social and cultural connections.](https://historylab.es/activities-travels-and-travelers/) - Activities Human needs and peopling of the earth. Migrations and encounters. Ire per agros: journeys of faith and culture in the Middle Ages. The pilgrimage. The historical ways: the Silk Road.
- [Women and the change for gender equality in Europe.](https://historylab.es/activities-women-and-gender-equality/) - Activities Identify how structures of gender and power affects the agency of historical persons. Analyzing imagery of Sappho, Aspasia and Aristotle through time. Contextualizing Marie Olympe de Gouges and The Declaration of the Rigths of Woman and of the Citizen. Suffragettes and the struggle for women’s suffrage.
- [Persecuted by justice and powers: rebels, political dissidents and criminals in the history of Europe.](https://historylab.es/activities-persecuted-by-justice/) - Activities Vagrants in European history: exclusion, imprisonment or relief. Uprisings and riots in early modern Europe. Crime and punishment throughout European history: why and how did crime and punishment change over time?
- [Under a cloak of terror: violence and armed conflict in Europe.](https://historylab.es/activities-under-a-cloak-of-terror/) - Activities Narratives and uncomfortable heritage in Europe: genocide, ethnic cleansing and massacres. Propaganda and culture of war before and during armed conflicts in the History of Europe. The war from within: weapons, soldiers and war spaces.
- [Power and powers in the history of Europe: oligarchies, political participation and democracy.](https://historylab.es/activities-power-and-powers/) - Activities Art and power. Participation in democracy. Power in feudal societies: the case of Montaillou.
- [Family, daily life and social inequality in Europe.](https://historylab.es/activities-family-daily-life-and-social/) - Activities Child labour then and now. I made your clothes. We analyse the evolution of the world population. Women not queens in the Middle Ages.
- [Rural world and urban world in the formation of the European identity.](https://historylab.es/activities-rural-world-and-urban-world/) - Activities First cities and western urbanism through the maps Landscape, Pre-history and the rural life in Europe. What has changed?
- [Social and economic impact of technological revolutions in Europe.](https://historylab.es/activities-social-and-economic-impact/) - Activities From the stone hoe to the tractor. The life of farmers and peasants. The commerce and the European hegemony. The significant of train to understand the Holocaust.
- [Module 3: ICT and Emergent Technologies](https://historylab.es/ict-and-emergent-technologies/) - ITC and digital resources to teach history https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/ict-and-emergent-technologies_resources.pdfComplementary resources https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/ict-and-emergent-technologies_complementary-resources.pdfEvaluation Questionnaire https://forms.gle/1hqyEWa2qVt9Rdsw8 Next module
- [Module 1: Design of Learning Activities](https://historylab.es/design-of-learning-activities/) - Teaching module: Design of Learning Activities https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/design-of-learning-activities_text.pdfComplementary resources https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/design-of-learning-activities_resources.pdfTemplate example: Vagrants in European History https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/template_example-vagrants-in-european-history.pdfTemplate example: War Propaganda https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/template_example_war-propaganda.pdfTemplate: empty https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/template_historical-resoning-with-digital-sources_empty.docxEvaluation Questionnaire https://forms.gle/9jwNw1QBxcmvNaKB6 Next module
- [Module 4: Assessment](https://historylab.es/assessment/) - Historical thinking and assessment https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/historical-thinking-and-assessment_text.pdfComplementary resources https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/assessment_complementary-resources.pdfEvaluation Questionnaire https://forms.gle/ebWjbHLdyQAFCkV19
- [Module 2: Active-Learning Methodologies](https://historylab.es/active-learning-methodologies/) - Active-Learning methodologies to teach and learn history https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/active-learning-methodologies_text.pdfComplementary resources https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/active-learning-methodologies_resources.pdfEvaluation Questionnaire https://forms.gle/SYTAD4PdudUAKArV8 Next module
- [Teacher Traning on-line course](https://historylab.es/teacher-traning-on-line-course/) - Starting Questionnaire https://forms.gle/yc9C4scQnHS6p49W6 Courses Module 1: Design of Learning Activities Module 2: Active-Learning Methodologies Module 3: ICT and Emergent Technologies Module 4: Assessment First module
- [Meetings and workshops](https://historylab.es/meetings-and-workshops/) - Symposium “History Teaching and digital resources. Methodological and epistemological approaches” This symposium was celebrated into “XV Congresso Internazionale sull´educazione e l´innovazione” (Florence, December 2021) SummaryThe Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for several changes in the field of history education. In one hand, the need for a methodological change that integrates active learning methods, digital
- [Meetings and workshops](https://historylab.es/meetings-and-workshops/) - Symposium “History Teaching and digital resources. Methodological and epistemological approaches” This symposium was celebrated into “XV Congresso Internazionale sull´educazione e l´innovazione” (Florence, December 2021) SummaryThe Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for several changes in the field of history education. In one hand, the need for a methodological change that integrates active learning methods, digital
- [Dissemination: Articles of HistoryLab Project](https://historylab.es/dissemination/) - Teaching the History of Europe from Active Methods And Civic Engagement. Design and Validation of a Proposal Authors Cosme J. Gómez Carrasco, University of Murcia Jairo Rodríguez-Medina, University of Valladolid Álvaro Chaparro Sáinz, University of Almeria María del Mar Felices de la Fuente, University of Almeria SummaryThe Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for several
- [Dissemination: Articles of HistoryLab Project](https://historylab.es/dissemination/) - Teaching the History of Europe from Active Methods And Civic Engagement. Design and Validation of a Proposal Authors Cosme J. Gómez Carrasco, University of Murcia Jairo Rodríguez-Medina, University of Valladolid Álvaro Chaparro Sáinz, University of Almeria María del Mar Felices de la Fuente, University of Almeria SummaryThe Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for several
- [Colaboraciones](https://historylab.es/collaborations/) - Modelos Situación de aprendizaje Unidad de programación Situaciones de aprendizaje Cuidar a quien lo necesita ¿Cómo se ha afrontado en el pasado y se afronta en el presente el cuidado de las personas en situación de dependencia? Imagen de Freepik. Familia y cuidados (CC BY) Una escuela con memoria ¿Cómo dignificar a las víctimas de
- [Collaborations](https://historylab.es/collaborations/) - Models Learning situation Programming unit Learning Situations Take care of who needs it How has care for dependent persons been dealt with in the past and how is it dealt with today? Freepik Image. Family and care (CC BY) A school with memory How to dignify the victims of conflicts and traumatic situations? Freepik Image.
- [Aviso legal](https://historylab.es/legal-notice/) - Estas son las Condiciones Generales de Uso del sitio web de HistoryLab, al que se accede mediante la dirección principal historylab.es La existencia de las presentes Condiciones Generales de Uso no excluye la existencia de otras disposiciones o condiciones de acceso a las diversas secciones que componen el sitio web de HistoryLab. 1.- Aceptación de
- [Legal Notice](https://historylab.es/legal-notice/) - Estas son las Condiciones Generales de Uso del sitio web de HistoryLab, al que se accede mediante la dirección principal historylab.es La existencia de las presentes Condiciones Generales de Uso no excluye la existencia de otras disposiciones o condiciones de acceso a las diversas secciones que componen el sitio web de HistoryLab. 1.- Aceptación de
- [La ciencia y la cultura como representación en Europa.](https://historylab.es/science-and-culture/) - This topic addresses science versus religion in Europe: rationalism and empiricism in the explanation of the world. Fighting death: medicine, epidemics and pandemics in Europe. Written culture in Europe: books, the press and the Internet as instruments for the dissemination of ideas. The oral tradition: from the epics of antiquity to the testimonies of recent
- [Science and culture as representation in Europe.](https://historylab.es/science-and-culture/) - This topic addresses science versus religion in Europe: rationalism and empiricism in the explanation of the world. Fighting death: medicine, epidemics and pandemics in Europe. Written culture in Europe: books, the press and the Internet as instruments for the dissemination of ideas. The oral tradition: from the epics of antiquity to the testimonies of recent
- [Inicio](https://historylab.es/) - Más de mil recursos digitales Diez temas transversales de Historia de Europa Cursos de formación para profesores de historia Categorías principales ¿Qué es Europa? Ver colección Impacto social y económico Ver colección Mundo rural y mundo urbano Ver colección Familia, vida cotidiana y social Ver colección El sistema y el poder Ver colección Bajo un
- [Iglesias y religiones en Europa.](https://historylab.es/churches-and-religions/) - Religion is defined as a set of beliefs, feelings and rituals that bind an individual or a human group to what it considers sacred, in particular to the deity, or the set of dogmas, precepts and rites that constitute a given religious cult. Religions, therefore, are inseparably interwoven into the totality of aspects of human
- [Viajes y viajeros: conexiones económicas, sociales y culturales.](https://historylab.es/travels-and-travelers/) - It all began, to paraphrase J. Bédier in his “Commentaries on the Chanson de Roland”, on the road, one of the great protagonists of the cultural, devotional, social and commercial flourishing of Europe from antiquity to the present day; the instrument that, by innervating all the continents, made the cultural unity of the West possible.
- [What is Europe? The European Spaces in the history of Europe.](https://historylab.es/what-is-europe/) - What are the limits of Europe? Is it a geographical unit, a continent, a geopolitical space, or a cultural unit? Is it possible to conceive of a united Europe from the Atlantic to the Urals? More than 40 million inhabitants live in Siberia, of which 95% are ethnically and culturally equal to the inhabitants of
- [Las mujeres y el cambio por la igualdad de género en Europa.](https://historylab.es/women-and-gender-equality/) - In this syllabus there are some starter points which could be good for teachers to think about before applying the syllabus in the classroom. The first is to avoid using the term ‘women’s history’. It can result in women and their roles as historical agents being seen as an add-on in history, rather than an
- [Perseguidos por la justicia y el poder: rebeldes, disidentes políticos y criminales en la historia de Europa.](https://historylab.es/persecuted-by-justice/) - This topic addresses exiles and exiled people in Europe. A walk through the “underworld”: rogues, thieves and crooks in European cities. Violence against power: Riots, resistance to totalitarianisms and terrorist attacks. Repression against the political dissident: torture and police apparatus. Plantilla de temahttps://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/6_topic_plantilla.pdf Plantilla de plan de estudioshttps://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/6_curriculum_plantilla.pdf Recursos https://historylab.es/es/projects-collections/7-perseguidos-por-la-justicia-y-el-poder-rebeldes-disidentes-politicos-y-criminales-en-la-historia-de-europa/
- [Bajo un manto de terror: violencia y conflicto armado en Europa.](https://historylab.es/under-a-cloak-of-terror/) - What can terror mean from a conceptual point of view? What does it mean for people? Do populations feel it? Is terror the same as fear? Has Europe always been under a cloak of terror? Is there a feeling of terror even during periods of “peace”? Causes, characteristics, permanencies, changes, consequences, overcoming trauma, post-war coexistence,
- [El sistema y el poder en la historia de Europa: oligarquías, participación política y democracia.](https://historylab.es/power-and-powers/) - This syllabus is concerned with different aspects of power in Europe and the societal structures associated with that power. The syllabus consists of five sections, which all deal with the main theme but approach it through different perspectives and historical contexts. The syllabus is not construced chronologically as all the five sections have their own
- [Familia, vida cotidiana y desigualdad social en Europa.](https://historylab.es/family-daily-life-and-social/) - This theme develops aspects related to the evolution of social organisation in Europe. Firstly, it explains the migratory processes that thousands of years ago led to the formation of the first European cities. The evolution of the European population from the Middle Ages to contemporary times. Secondly, the concept of the family and its evolution
- [Mundo rural y mundo urbano en la formación de la identidad europea.](https://historylab.es/rural-world-and-urban-world/) - This topic will reflect on how urban and rural contexts have played a fundamental role in shaping European history. Attention will be paid to the different social hierarchies and differentiations which have existed between urban and rural populations in different periods of history. Likewise, processes of change and continuity in cities in Europe (and other
- [Impacto social y económico de las revoluciones tecnológicas en Europa.](https://historylab.es/social-and-economic-impact/) - Technological revolution can be understood as a state of common social and economic transformation for the majority of the population that result from the implementation of technological advances. What characterizes a technological revolution, that is, what allows us to speak about the emergence of a new phase in the historical development of societies is not
- [¿Qué es Europa? Los Espacios Europeos en la historia de Europa.](https://historylab.es/what-is-europe/) - What are the limits of Europe? Is it a geographical unit, a continent, a geopolitical space, or a cultural unit? Is it possible to conceive of a united Europe from the Atlantic to the Urals? More than 40 million inhabitants live in Siberia, of which 95% are ethnically and culturally equal to the inhabitants of
- [Nosotros](https://historylab.es/about-us/) - Grupos de investigación Universidad deMurcia Universidad deAmsterdam Universidad deOporto Universidad deMalmö Universidad deBolonia Universidad deHelsinki Comité de Calidad Externo Jaime Alvar Ezquerra, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Belén Castro Fernández, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. José María Cuenca López, Universidad de Huelva. Roberto Fernández Díaz, Universidad de Lleida. Francisco Fernández Izquierdo, Centro Superior Investigaciones Científicas.
- [About Us](https://historylab.es/about-us/) - Research groups University ofMurcia University of Amsterdam University of Porto University ofMalmö University ofBologna University of Helsinki External Quality Committee Jaime Alvar Ezquerra, University Carlos III of Madrid. Belén Castro Fernández, University of Santiago de Compostela. José María Cuenca López, University of Huelva. Roberto Fernández Díaz, University of Lleida. Francisco Fernández Izquierdo, Higher Center for
- [Enlaces: Asociaciones de Historia, Didáctica de la Historia y Educación](https://historylab.es/links-history-history-didactics-and-education-associations/) - Enlaces: Asociaciones de Historia, Didáctica de la Historia y Educación Euroclío HEIRNET Red 14 Asociación Universitaria de Formación del Profesorado AUPDCS RIDCS. Red Iberoamericana de Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales National Council for Social Studies The International Society for History Didactics Early Modern History and Period Studies European Society of Historical Demography Historical Association Société
- [Enlaces: Revistas sobre investigación en historia y en didáctica de la historia](https://historylab.es/links-journals-on-research-in-history-and-history-didactics/) - Enlaces: Revistas sobre investigación en historia y en didáctica de la historia Íber. Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales, Geografía e Historia Enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales. Revista de investigación. Clío Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales y Sociales REIDICS Panta Rei Historical Encounters Journals International Journal of Research on History Didactics The Journal of Social Studies
- [Enlaces: Repositorios digitales sobre historia y educación histórica](https://historylab.es/links-digital-repositories-on-history-and-historical-education/) - Enlaces: Repositorios digitales sobre historia y educación histórica Europeana Historiana Hanover Historical Text Collection Gallica. Bibliothèque Nationale de France Council of Europe. Teaching history The German Studies Collaboratory School History Teaching History The Historical Association English Heritage. Teaching Resources Ancient Ports Manuscrits Médiévaux Imago Mundi Blog British Museum Modernalia Hispana Nomes e Voces Memoria Democrática
- [Links: History, History Didactics and Education Associations](https://historylab.es/links-history-history-didactics-and-education-associations/) - Links: History, History Didactics and Education Associations Euroclío HEIRNET Red 14 Asociación Universitaria de Formación del Profesorado AUPDCS RIDCS. Red Iberoamericana de Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales National Council for Social Studies The International Society for History Didactics Early Modern History and Period Studies European Society of Historical Demography Historical Association Société de démographie historique
- [Links: Journals on Research in History and History Didactics](https://historylab.es/links-journals-on-research-in-history-and-history-didactics/) - Links: Journals on Research in History and History Didactics Íber. Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales, Geografía e Historia Enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales. Revista de investigación. Clío Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales y Sociales REIDICS Panta Rei Historical Encounters Journals International Journal of Research on History Didactics The Journal of Social Studies Research Theory and
- [Links: Digital Repositories on History and Historical Education](https://historylab.es/links-digital-repositories-on-history-and-historical-education/) - Links: Digital Repositories on History and Historical Education Europeana Historiana Hanover Historical Text Collection Gallica. Bibliothèque Nationale de France Council of Europe. Teaching history The German Studies Collaboratory School History Teaching History The Historical Association English Heritage. Teaching Resources Ancient Ports Manuscrits Médiévaux Imago Mundi Blog British Museum Modernalia Hispana Nomes e Voces Memoria Democrática
- [What is HistoryLab?](https://historylab.es/what-is-historylab/) - What is HistoryLab? The main objective of this project is to develop a HistoryLab that integrates digital resources, teaching and learning units, and methodological training blocks in emerging technologies for history teachers. The specific aims are: 1. To Create a joint curriculum document for a common framework of cross-cutting contents allowing a multicultural, inclusive and
- [What is HistoryLab?](https://historylab.es/what-is-historylab/) - What is HistoryLab? The main objective of this project is to develop a HistoryLab that integrates digital resources, teaching and learning units, and methodological training blocks in emerging technologies for history teachers. The specific aims are: 1. To Create a joint curriculum document for a common framework of cross-cutting contents allowing a multicultural, inclusive and
- [Persecuted by justice and powers: rebels, political dissidents and criminals in the history of Europe.](https://historylab.es/persecuted-by-justice/) - This topic addresses exiles and exiled people in Europe. A walk through the “underworld”: rogues, thieves and crooks in European cities. Violence against power: Riots, resistance to totalitarianisms and terrorist attacks. Repression against the political dissident: torture and police apparatus. Topic Template https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/6_topic_plantilla.pdfCurriculum Template https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/6_curriculum_plantilla.pdfResources https://historylab.es/projects-collections/7-persecuted-by-justice-and-powers-rebels-political-dissidents-and-criminals-in-the-history-of-europe
- [Rural world and urban world in the formation of the European identity.](https://historylab.es/rural-world-and-urban-world/) - This topic will reflect on how urban and rural contexts have played a fundamental role in shaping European history. Attention will be paid to the different social hierarchies and differentiations which have existed between urban and rural populations in different periods of history. Likewise, processes of change and continuity in cities in Europe (and other
- [Power and powers in the history of Europe: oligarchies, political participation and democracy.](https://historylab.es/power-and-powers/) - This syllabus is concerned with different aspects of power in Europe and the societal structures associated with that power. The syllabus consists of five sections, which all deal with the main theme but approach it through different perspectives and historical contexts. The syllabus is not construced chronologically as all the five sections have their own
- [Travels and travelers: economic, social and cultural connections.](https://historylab.es/travels-and-travelers/) - It all began, to paraphrase J. Bédier in his “Commentaries on the Chanson de Roland”, on the road, one of the great protagonists of the cultural, devotional, social and commercial flourishing of Europe from antiquity to the present day; the instrument that, by innervating all the continents, made the cultural unity of the West possible.
- [Churches and religions in Europe.](https://historylab.es/churches-and-religions/) - Religion is defined as a set of beliefs, feelings and rituals that bind an individual or a human group to what it considers sacred, in particular to the deity, or the set of dogmas, precepts and rites that constitute a given religious cult. Religions, therefore, are inseparably interwoven into the totality of aspects of human
- [Social and economic impact of technological revolutions in Europe.](https://historylab.es/social-and-economic-impact/) - Technological revolution can be understood as a state of common social and economic transformation for the majority of the population that result from the implementation of technological advances. What characterizes a technological revolution, that is, what allows us to speak about the emergence of a new phase in the historical development of societies is not
- [Family, daily life and social inequality in Europe.](https://historylab.es/family-daily-life-and-social/) - This theme develops aspects related to the evolution of social organisation in Europe. Firstly, it explains the migratory processes that thousands of years ago led to the formation of the first European cities. The evolution of the European population from the Middle Ages to contemporary times. Secondly, the concept of the family and its evolution
- [Under a cloak of terror: violence and armed conflict in Europe.](https://historylab.es/under-a-cloak-of-terror/) - What can terror mean from a conceptual point of view? What does it mean for people? Do populations feel it? Is terror the same as fear? Has Europe always been under a cloak of terror? Is there a feeling of terror even during periods of “peace”? Causes, characteristics, permanencies, changes, consequences, overcoming trauma, post-war coexistence,
- [Women and the change for gender equality in Europe.](https://historylab.es/women-and-gender-equality/) - In this syllabus there are some starter points which could be good for teachers to think about before applying the syllabus in the classroom. The first is to avoid using the term ‘women’s history’. It can result in women and their roles as historical agents being seen as an add-on in history, rather than an
- [University of Porto](https://historylab.es/university-of-porto/) - Founded in 1911, UPORTO is one of the largest higher education and research institutions in Portugal with 31.897 students (20% international, including mobility), 2.698 academics & researchers and 1.643 administrative staff. It is one of the best-positioned PT HEI in national and international rankings: Times Higher Education 2019 (401-500); QS 2019/2020 (353); Leiden 2019 (159);
- [University of Porto](https://historylab.es/university-of-porto/) - Founded in 1911, UPORTO is one of the largest higher education and research institutions in Portugal with 31.897 students (20% international, including mobility), 2.698 academics & researchers and 1.643 administrative staff. It is one of the best-positioned PT HEI in national and international rankings: Times Higher Education 2019 (401-500); QS 2019/2020 (353); Leiden 2019 (159);
- [University of Malmö](https://historylab.es/university-of-malmo/) - At Malmö University, research and education shall be innovative, international and boundary-crossing and safeguard the strengths and properties that characterise the university. Malmö University contributes to a sustainable and more equal society through research-based knowledge, critical reflection and readiness to act. Malmö University is founded on the human, democratic and academic values that have emerged
- [University of Malmö](https://historylab.es/university-of-malmo/) - At Malmö University, research and education shall be innovative, international and boundary-crossing and safeguard the strengths and properties that characterise the university. Malmö University contributes to a sustainable and more equal society through research-based knowledge, critical reflection and readiness to act. Malmö University is founded on the human, democratic and academic values that have emerged
- [University of Helsinki](https://historylab.es/university-of-helsinki/) - The University of Helsinki (UH) is the oldest and largest institution of academic education in Finland, an international scientific community of 40,000 students and researchers. The University of Helsinki is also one of the best multidisciplinary research universities in the world and it is the only Finnish university to consistently rank in the top 100
- [University of Helsinki](https://historylab.es/university-of-helsinki/) - The University of Helsinki (UH) is the oldest and largest institution of academic education in Finland, an international scientific community of 40,000 students and researchers. The University of Helsinki is also one of the best multidisciplinary research universities in the world and it is the only Finnish university to consistently rank in the top 100
- [University of Amsterdam](https://historylab.es/university-of-amsterdam/) - The Research Institute of Child Development and Education (RICDE) is one of four research institutes within the Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences (FMG) of the University of Amsterdam (UvA) and aims to gain knowledge and advance theories on cognitive and social-emotional learning in the context of micro, meso and macro influencing factors. Furthermore it
- [University of Amsterdam](https://historylab.es/university-of-amsterdam/) - The Research Institute of Child Development and Education (RICDE) is one of four research institutes within the Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences (FMG) of the University of Amsterdam (UvA) and aims to gain knowledge and advance theories on cognitive and social-emotional learning in the context of micro, meso and macro influencing factors. Furthermore it
- [University of Murcia](https://historylab.es/university-of-murcia/) - The key researchers from UMU involved in this project will be: Dr. Cosme J. Gómez. Coordinator of the project. (Senior Lecturer of Social Sciences Teaching, University of Murcia). Dr. Pedro Miralles (Senior Lecturer of Social Sciences Teaching, University of Murcia). Dr. Raimundo A. Rodríguez (Senior Lecturer of Social Sciences Teaching, University of Murcia). Dr. Juan
- [University of Murcia](https://historylab.es/university-of-murcia/) - The key researchers from UMU involved in this project will be: Dr. Cosme J. Gómez. Coordinator of the project. (Senior Lecturer of Social Sciences Teaching, University of Murcia). Dr. Pedro Miralles (Senior Lecturer of Social Sciences Teaching, University of Murcia). Dr. Raimundo A. Rodríguez (Senior Lecturer of Social Sciences Teaching, University of Murcia). Dr. Juan
- [University of Bologna](https://historylab.es/university-of-bologna/) - The Department of Education Studies “G.M. Bertin” uses a multidisciplinary approach, as specified by Italian Law 240/2010, and works alongside different disciplines including: pedagogy, philosophy, musicology, psychology, sociology, anthropology, English language, historical and geographical disciplines, medicine and legal sciences. Through the contribution of this interdisciplinary approach, the Department carries out research and training activities in
- [University of Bologna](https://historylab.es/university-of-bologna/) - The Department of Education Studies “G.M. Bertin” uses a multidisciplinary approach, as specified by Italian Law 240/2010, and works alongside different disciplines including: pedagogy, philosophy, musicology, psychology, sociology, anthropology, English language, historical and geographical disciplines, medicine and legal sciences. Through the contribution of this interdisciplinary approach, the Department carries out research and training activities in
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## Categories

- [Uncategorized](https://historylab.es/category/uncategorized/)
- [Sin categorizar](https://historylab.es/category/uncategorized/)

## Tags

- [Siglo XVIII](https://historylab.es/tag/siglo-xviii/)
- [Monarquía hispánica](https://historylab.es/tag/monarquia-hispanica/)
- [Ilustración](https://historylab.es/tag/ilustracion/)
- [Pais Vasco](https://historylab.es/tag/pais-vasco/)
- [Ciencia](https://historylab.es/tag/ciencia/)
- [Francia](https://historylab.es/tag/francia/)
- [Siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/siglo-xvii/)
- [Guerra](https://historylab.es/tag/guerra/)
- [Inglaterra](https://historylab.es/tag/inglaterra/)
- [América](https://historylab.es/tag/america/)
- [indios](https://historylab.es/tag/indios/)
- [indígenas](https://historylab.es/tag/indigenas/)
- [Jamestown](https://historylab.es/tag/jamestown/)
- [colonia](https://historylab.es/tag/colonia/)
- [Isabel I](https://historylab.es/tag/isabel-i/)
- [Siglo XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/siglo-xvi/)
- [Matrimonio](https://historylab.es/tag/matrimonio/)
- [Felipe II](https://historylab.es/tag/felipe-ii/)
- [Música](https://historylab.es/tag/musica/)
- [Corte](https://historylab.es/tag/corte/)
- [París](https://historylab.es/tag/paris/)
- [Luis XIII](https://historylab.es/tag/luis-xiii/)
- [Felipe IV](https://historylab.es/tag/felipe-iv/)
- [Cómic](https://historylab.es/tag/comic/)
- [Madrid](https://historylab.es/tag/madrid/)
- [Barcos](https://historylab.es/tag/barcos/)
- [Navegación](https://historylab.es/tag/navegacion/)
- [Carlos V](https://historylab.es/tag/carlos-v/)
- [Carlos I](https://historylab.es/tag/carlos-i/)
- [rey](https://historylab.es/tag/rey/)
- [Castilla](https://historylab.es/tag/castilla/)
- [Corona de Aragón](https://historylab.es/tag/corona-de-aragon/)
- [emperador](https://historylab.es/tag/emperador/)
- [Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico](https://historylab.es/tag/sacro-imperio-romano-germanico/)
- [conquista](https://historylab.es/tag/conquista/)
- [Indias](https://historylab.es/tag/indias/)
- [Magallanes](https://historylab.es/tag/magallanes/)
- [Elcano](https://historylab.es/tag/elcano/)
- [Caída](https://historylab.es/tag/caida/)
- [Canadá](https://historylab.es/tag/canada/)
- [Comercio](https://historylab.es/tag/comercio/)
- [Pieles](https://historylab.es/tag/pieles/)
- [Compañía](https://historylab.es/tag/compania/)
- [México](https://historylab.es/tag/mexico/)
- [Nueva España](https://historylab.es/tag/nueva-espana/)
- [Chile](https://historylab.es/tag/chile/)
- [Fernando](https://historylab.es/tag/fernando/)
- [Sevilla](https://historylab.es/tag/sevilla/)
- [Colonial](https://historylab.es/tag/colonial/)
- [Escocia](https://historylab.es/tag/escocia/)
- [Guerra de independencia](https://historylab.es/tag/guerra-de-independencia/)
- [Reyes Católicos](https://historylab.es/tag/reyes-catolicos/)
- [Diplomacia](https://historylab.es/tag/diplomacia/)
- [economía](https://historylab.es/tag/economia/)
- [militar](https://historylab.es/tag/militar/)
- [italia](https://historylab.es/tag/italia/)
- [medici](https://historylab.es/tag/medici/)
- [leonardo da vinci](https://historylab.es/tag/leonardo-da-vinci/)
- [estados unidos](https://historylab.es/tag/estados-unidos/)
- [cuba](https://historylab.es/tag/cuba/)
- [roma](https://historylab.es/tag/roma/)
- [James Cook](https://historylab.es/tag/james-cook/)
- [Revolución Francesa](https://historylab.es/tag/revolucion-francesa/)
- [Luis XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/luis-xvi/)
- [Napoleón](https://historylab.es/tag/napoleon/)
- [logística](https://historylab.es/tag/logistica/)
- [puertos](https://historylab.es/tag/puertos/)
- [Estado](https://historylab.es/tag/estado/)
- [religión](https://historylab.es/tag/religion/)
- [colonialismo](https://historylab.es/tag/colonialismo/)
- [mapa](https://historylab.es/tag/mapa/)
- [Japon](https://historylab.es/tag/japon/)
- [batallas](https://historylab.es/tag/batallas/)
- [urbanismo](https://historylab.es/tag/urbanismo/)
- [cultura](https://historylab.es/tag/cultura/)
- [política](https://historylab.es/tag/politica/)
- [Barcelona](https://historylab.es/tag/barcelona/)
- [Antiguo Régimen](https://historylab.es/tag/antiguo-regimen/)
- [Edad Moderna](https://historylab.es/tag/edad-moderna/)
- [Monarquía](https://historylab.es/tag/monarquia/)
- [Catolicismo](https://historylab.es/tag/catolicismo/)
- [Renacimiento](https://historylab.es/tag/renacimiento/)
- [Cisneros](https://historylab.es/tag/cisneros/)
- [Iglesia](https://historylab.es/tag/iglesia/)
- [Universidad](https://historylab.es/tag/universidad/)
- [España](https://historylab.es/tag/espana/)
- [Fernando VII](https://historylab.es/tag/fernando-vii/)
- [Carlos IV](https://historylab.es/tag/carlos-iv/)
- [Crisis del Antiguo Régimen](https://historylab.es/tag/crisis-del-antiguo-regimen/)
- [Absolutismo](https://historylab.es/tag/absolutismo/)
- [Guerras Carlistas](https://historylab.es/tag/guerras-carlistas/)
- [Guerra Civil](https://historylab.es/tag/guerra-civil/)
- [Biografías](https://historylab.es/tag/biografias/)
- [Documentales](https://historylab.es/tag/documentales/)
- [Siglo XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/siglo-xix/)
- [Velázquez](https://historylab.es/tag/velazquez/)
- [Barroco](https://historylab.es/tag/barroco/)
- [Etapas pictóricas](https://historylab.es/tag/etapas-pictoricas/)
- [Retratos](https://historylab.es/tag/retratos/)
- [Vida cotidiana](https://historylab.es/tag/vida-cotidiana/)
- [Familia real](https://historylab.es/tag/familia-real/)
- [1599-1660](https://historylab.es/tag/1599-1660/)
- [Goya](https://historylab.es/tag/goya/)
- [Rococó](https://historylab.es/tag/rococo/)
- [Neoclasicismo](https://historylab.es/tag/neoclasicismo/)
- [Romanticismo](https://historylab.es/tag/romanticismo/)
- [Impresionismo](https://historylab.es/tag/impresionismo/)
- [Surrealismo](https://historylab.es/tag/surrealismo/)
- [Mapas](https://historylab.es/tag/mapas/)
- [Cultivos](https://historylab.es/tag/cultivos/)
- [Siglo XV](https://historylab.es/tag/siglo-xv/)
- [Ciudades](https://historylab.es/tag/ciudades/)
- [Cervantes](https://historylab.es/tag/cervantes/)
- [Trayectorias](https://historylab.es/tag/trayectorias/)
- [Cartografía](https://historylab.es/tag/cartografia/)
- [Planos](https://historylab.es/tag/planos/)
- [Edificios](https://historylab.es/tag/edificios/)
- [Casas](https://historylab.es/tag/casas/)
- [Arquitectura](https://historylab.es/tag/arquitectura/)
- [Nobleza](https://historylab.es/tag/nobleza/)
- [Literatura](https://historylab.es/tag/literatura/)
- [Valencia](https://historylab.es/tag/valencia/)
- [Mapas antiguos](https://historylab.es/tag/mapas-antiguos/)
- [Cartografía Histórica](https://historylab.es/tag/cartografia-historica/)
- [Mujeres](https://historylab.es/tag/mujeres/)
- [Élites de poder](https://historylab.es/tag/elites-de-poder/)
- [Historia cultural](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-cultural/)
- [Género](https://historylab.es/tag/genero/)
- [Familia](https://historylab.es/tag/familia/)
- [Didáctica](https://historylab.es/tag/didactica/)
- [Divulgación](https://historylab.es/tag/divulgacion/)
- [Recursos didácticos](https://historylab.es/tag/recursos-didacticos/)
- [Videos](https://historylab.es/tag/videos/)
- [Historia](https://historylab.es/tag/historia/)
- [Historia del Arte](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-del-arte/)
- [Mentalidades](https://historylab.es/tag/mentalidades/)
- [Larga duración](https://historylab.es/tag/larga-duracion/)
- [Enseñanza](https://historylab.es/tag/ensenanza/)
- [Trabajo](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo/)
- [Historia social](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-social/)
- [Religiosidad](https://historylab.es/tag/religiosidad/)
- [Enseñanza de la historia](https://historylab.es/tag/ensenanza-de-la-historia/)
- [Austrias](https://historylab.es/tag/austrias/)
- [Borbones](https://historylab.es/tag/borbones/)
- [Riqueza](https://historylab.es/tag/riqueza/)
- [Edad Antigua](https://historylab.es/tag/edad-antigua/)
- [Edad Medieval](https://historylab.es/tag/edad-medieval/)
- [Edad Contemporánea](https://historylab.es/tag/edad-contemporanea/)
- [Conflictividad](https://historylab.es/tag/conflictividad/)
- [Barrios](https://historylab.es/tag/barrios/)
- [Callejero](https://historylab.es/tag/callejero/)
- [Turismo](https://historylab.es/tag/turismo/)
- [Siglos XVIII-XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/siglos-xviii-xix/)
- [Cárceles](https://historylab.es/tag/carceles/)
- [Galeras](https://historylab.es/tag/galeras/)
- [Pobreza](https://historylab.es/tag/pobreza/)
- [1789](https://historylab.es/tag/1789/)
- [Conventos](https://historylab.es/tag/conventos/)
- [Geografía](https://historylab.es/tag/geografia/)
- [Sociedad](https://historylab.es/tag/sociedad/)
- [Burocracia](https://historylab.es/tag/burocracia/)
- [Imperio español](https://historylab.es/tag/imperio-espanol/)
- [Población](https://historylab.es/tag/poblacion/)
- [Guerra de los Treinta años](https://historylab.es/tag/guerra-de-los-treinta-anos/)
- [Mercantilismo](https://historylab.es/tag/mercantilismo/)
- [Felipe III](https://historylab.es/tag/felipe-iii/)
- [Expulsión de los Moriscos](https://historylab.es/tag/expulsion-de-los-moriscos/)
- [Guerra de Sucesión](https://historylab.es/tag/guerra-de-sucesion/)
- [Revolución científica](https://historylab.es/tag/revolucion-cientifica/)
- [Protestantismo](https://historylab.es/tag/protestantismo/)
- [Escultura barroca](https://historylab.es/tag/escultura-barroca/)
- [Inquisición](https://historylab.es/tag/inquisicion/)
- [Andalucía](https://historylab.es/tag/andalucia/)
- [Córdoba](https://historylab.es/tag/cordoba/)
- [Siglo de Oro](https://historylab.es/tag/siglo-de-oro/)
- [Esclavos](https://historylab.es/tag/esclavos/)
- [Carlos III](https://historylab.es/tag/carlos-iii/)
- [Represión](https://historylab.es/tag/represion/)
- [Catastro](https://historylab.es/tag/catastro/)
- [Ensenada](https://historylab.es/tag/ensenada/)
- [Cristianismo](https://historylab.es/tag/cristianismo/)
- [Arte](https://historylab.es/tag/arte/)
- [Miguel Ángel](https://historylab.es/tag/miguel-angel/)
- [Perugino](https://historylab.es/tag/perugino/)
- [Ghirlandaio](https://historylab.es/tag/ghirlandaio/)
- [Botticelli](https://historylab.es/tag/botticelli/)
- [Federico Zuccaro](https://historylab.es/tag/federico-zuccaro/)
- [Bernini](https://historylab.es/tag/bernini/)
- [Tapices](https://historylab.es/tag/tapices/)
- [Oficios](https://historylab.es/tag/oficios/)
- [Vídeo](https://historylab.es/tag/video/)
- [sociedad estamental](https://historylab.es/tag/sociedad-estamental/)
- [1800](https://historylab.es/tag/1800/)
- [Felipe V](https://historylab.es/tag/felipe-v/)
- [Fernando VI](https://historylab.es/tag/fernando-vi/)
- [Despotismo Ilustrado](https://historylab.es/tag/despotismo-ilustrado/)
- [Reformas](https://historylab.es/tag/reformas/)
- [Moriscos](https://historylab.es/tag/moriscos/)
- [Portugal](https://historylab.es/tag/portugal/)
- [Nápoles](https://historylab.es/tag/napoles/)
- [Orán](https://historylab.es/tag/oran/)
- [Aranda](https://historylab.es/tag/aranda/)
- [Floridablanca](https://historylab.es/tag/floridablanca/)
- [Archiduque Carlos](https://historylab.es/tag/archiduque-carlos/)
- [Fueros.](https://historylab.es/tag/fueros/)
- [Gibraltar](https://historylab.es/tag/gibraltar/)
- [Maria Luisa de Parma](https://historylab.es/tag/maria-luisa-de-parma/)
- [Estado Moderno](https://historylab.es/tag/estado-moderno/)
- [Fernando II](https://historylab.es/tag/fernando-ii/)
- [Reforma](https://historylab.es/tag/reforma/)
- [Luis XIV](https://historylab.es/tag/luis-xiv/)
- [Reformismo](https://historylab.es/tag/reformismo/)
- [Decretos de Nueva Planta](https://historylab.es/tag/decretos-de-nueva-planta/)
- [Cortes de Cádiz](https://historylab.es/tag/cortes-de-cadiz/)
- [1812](https://historylab.es/tag/1812/)
- [Batalla de Almansa](https://historylab.es/tag/batalla-de-almansa/)
- [Centralización](https://historylab.es/tag/centralizacion/)
- [Mediterráneo](https://historylab.es/tag/mediterraneo/)
- [Francisco I](https://historylab.es/tag/francisco-i/)
- [Lutero](https://historylab.es/tag/lutero/)
- [Reforma protestante](https://historylab.es/tag/reforma-protestante/)
- [Flandes](https://historylab.es/tag/flandes/)
- [Cataluña](https://historylab.es/tag/cataluna/)
- [Exploradores](https://historylab.es/tag/exploradores/)
- [Isabel la Católica](https://historylab.es/tag/isabel-la-catolica/)
- [Agricultura](https://historylab.es/tag/agricultura/)
- [Ilustrados](https://historylab.es/tag/ilustrados/)
- [Cantabria](https://historylab.es/tag/cantabria/)
- [Mortalidad](https://historylab.es/tag/mortalidad/)
- [Caridad](https://historylab.es/tag/caridad/)
- [Expediciones](https://historylab.es/tag/expediciones/)
- [Asia](https://historylab.es/tag/asia/)
- [Filipinas](https://historylab.es/tag/filipinas/)
- [Galicia](https://historylab.es/tag/galicia/)
- [Colonias españolas](https://historylab.es/tag/colonias-espanolas/)
- [Historia Política](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-politica/)
- [Evangelización](https://historylab.es/tag/evangelizacion/)
- [Guerras](https://historylab.es/tag/guerras/)
- [Época Moderna](https://historylab.es/tag/epoca-moderna/)
- [Historia Moderna](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-moderna/)
- [Historia de la Religión](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-de-la-religion/)
- [Bases de datos](https://historylab.es/tag/bases-de-datos/)
- [Videos 3D](https://historylab.es/tag/videos-3d/)
- [Esclavitud](https://historylab.es/tag/esclavitud/)
- [Viajes transatlánticos](https://historylab.es/tag/viajes-transatlanticos/)
- [África](https://historylab.es/tag/africa/)
- [Barcos esclavistas](https://historylab.es/tag/barcos-esclavistas/)
- [Transportes](https://historylab.es/tag/transportes/)
- [Tráficos](https://historylab.es/tag/traficos/)
- [Europa Moderna](https://historylab.es/tag/europa-moderna/)
- [Moderna](https://historylab.es/tag/moderna/)
- [Europa](https://historylab.es/tag/europa/)
- [Ejército](https://historylab.es/tag/ejercito/)
- [Tercios](https://historylab.es/tag/tercios/)
- [Conflictos](https://historylab.es/tag/conflictos/)
- [Historia Económica](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-economica/)
- [Historia Militar](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-militar/)
- [Capitalismo](https://historylab.es/tag/capitalismo/)
- [Clero](https://historylab.es/tag/clero/)
- [Imprenta](https://historylab.es/tag/imprenta/)
- [Contrarreforma](https://historylab.es/tag/contrarreforma/)
- [Juana la Loca](https://historylab.es/tag/juana-la-loca/)
- [Judíos](https://historylab.es/tag/judios/)
- [Navíos](https://historylab.es/tag/navios/)
- [Felipe el Hermoso](https://historylab.es/tag/felipe-el-hermoso/)
- [Sucesión](https://historylab.es/tag/sucesion/)
- [Aragón](https://historylab.es/tag/aragon/)
- [Monedas](https://historylab.es/tag/monedas/)
- [Genealogías](https://historylab.es/tag/genealogias/)
- [Gremios](https://historylab.es/tag/gremios/)
- [Haití](https://historylab.es/tag/haiti/)
- [Historia de las Mujeres](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-de-las-mujeres/)
- [Numismática](https://historylab.es/tag/numismatica/)
- [5º de Primaria](https://historylab.es/tag/5o-de-primaria/)
- [6º de Primaria](https://historylab.es/tag/6o-de-primaria/)
- [Unidades didácticas](https://historylab.es/tag/unidades-didacticas/)
- [Artistas](https://historylab.es/tag/artistas/)
- [Plateros](https://historylab.es/tag/plateros/)
- [Artesanos](https://historylab.es/tag/artesanos/)
- [Málaga](https://historylab.es/tag/malaga/)
- [Pintura](https://historylab.es/tag/pintura/)
- [Grabados](https://historylab.es/tag/grabados/)
- [Burdeos](https://historylab.es/tag/burdeos/)
- [Tordesillas](https://historylab.es/tag/tordesillas/)
- [Luteranismo](https://historylab.es/tag/luteranismo/)
- [Imperio Germánica](https://historylab.es/tag/imperio-germanica/)
- [Carlos V de Alemania](https://historylab.es/tag/carlos-v-de-alemania/)
- [Imperio Germánico](https://historylab.es/tag/imperio-germanico/)
- [Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/museo-del-prado/)
- [el Bosco](https://historylab.es/tag/el-bosco/)
- [Murillo](https://historylab.es/tag/murillo/)
- [Rubens](https://historylab.es/tag/rubens/)
- [Perú](https://historylab.es/tag/peru/)
- [Honor](https://historylab.es/tag/honor/)
- [Mercaderes](https://historylab.es/tag/mercaderes/)
- [Génova](https://historylab.es/tag/genova/)
- [Siglo XIV](https://historylab.es/tag/siglo-xiv/)
- [Realismo](https://historylab.es/tag/realismo/)
- [Siglo XIII](https://historylab.es/tag/siglo-xiii/)
- [Propiedad de la tierra](https://historylab.es/tag/propiedad-de-la-tierra/)
- [Desamortización](https://historylab.es/tag/desamortizacion/)
- [Albacete](https://historylab.es/tag/albacete/)
- [Cuenca](https://historylab.es/tag/cuenca/)
- [Toledo](https://historylab.es/tag/toledo/)
- [Bienes Rústicos](https://historylab.es/tag/bienes-rusticos/)
- [Soledad](https://historylab.es/tag/soledad/)
- [Mundo Rural](https://historylab.es/tag/mundo-rural/)
- [Murcia](https://historylab.es/tag/murcia/)
- [Lorca](https://historylab.es/tag/lorca/)
- [Extremadura](https://historylab.es/tag/extremadura/)
- [Dotes](https://historylab.es/tag/dotes/)
- [Catastro del Marqués de la Ensenada](https://historylab.es/tag/catastro-del-marques-de-la-ensenada/)
- [Estructura del hogar](https://historylab.es/tag/estructura-del-hogar/)
- [Hijos](https://historylab.es/tag/hijos/)
- [Testamentos](https://historylab.es/tag/testamentos/)
- [Sistema de herencias](https://historylab.es/tag/sistema-de-herencias/)
- [Transmisión del patrimonio](https://historylab.es/tag/transmision-del-patrimonio/)
- [Cabeza de familia](https://historylab.es/tag/cabeza-de-familia/)
- [Jefatura del Hogar](https://historylab.es/tag/jefatura-del-hogar/)
- [Viudedad](https://historylab.es/tag/viudedad/)
- [Cádiz](https://historylab.es/tag/cadiz/)
- [Comerciantes](https://historylab.es/tag/comerciantes/)
- [Reproducción social](https://historylab.es/tag/reproduccion-social/)
- [Movilidad social](https://historylab.es/tag/movilidad-social/)
- [Valladolid](https://historylab.es/tag/valladolid/)
- [Arroz](https://historylab.es/tag/arroz/)
- [Demografía](https://historylab.es/tag/demografia/)
- [Fuentes históricas](https://historylab.es/tag/fuentes-historicas/)
- [Regiones españolas](https://historylab.es/tag/regiones-espanolas/)
- [XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/xvii/)
- [XVIII](https://historylab.es/tag/xviii/)
- [Reinado de Carlos III](https://historylab.es/tag/reinado-de-carlos-iii/)
- [Censos](https://historylab.es/tag/censos/)
- [Estratificación social](https://historylab.es/tag/estratificacion-social/)
- [1752](https://historylab.es/tag/1752/)
- [Reinado de Carlos IV](https://historylab.es/tag/reinado-de-carlos-iv/)
- [1712](https://historylab.es/tag/1712/)
- [Patrimonios](https://historylab.es/tag/patrimonios/)
- [Propietarios](https://historylab.es/tag/propietarios/)
- [Criados](https://historylab.es/tag/criados/)
- [Hidalgos](https://historylab.es/tag/hidalgos/)
- [Roles de género](https://historylab.es/tag/roles-de-genero/)
- [Dependencia](https://historylab.es/tag/dependencia/)
- [Subsistencia](https://historylab.es/tag/subsistencia/)
- [Villarrobledo](https://historylab.es/tag/villarrobledo/)
- [Zaragoza](https://historylab.es/tag/zaragoza/)
- [Sirvientes](https://historylab.es/tag/sirvientes/)
- [Registros parroquiales](https://historylab.es/tag/registros-parroquiales/)
- [Bilbao](https://historylab.es/tag/bilbao/)
- [Patrimonio](https://historylab.es/tag/patrimonio/)
- [Pleitos](https://historylab.es/tag/pleitos/)
- [Herencia](https://historylab.es/tag/herencia/)
- [Campesinado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado/)
- [Mujer](https://historylab.es/tag/mujer/)
- [Propiedad](https://historylab.es/tag/propiedad/)
- [Catastro de la Ensenada](https://historylab.es/tag/catastro-de-la-ensenada/)
- [Granada](https://historylab.es/tag/granada/)
- [Administración](https://historylab.es/tag/administracion/)
- [Linaje](https://historylab.es/tag/linaje/)
- [Rentas](https://historylab.es/tag/rentas/)
- [defunción](https://historylab.es/tag/defuncion/)
- [Ecuador](https://historylab.es/tag/ecuador/)
- [mestizo](https://historylab.es/tag/mestizo/)
- [América Latina](https://historylab.es/tag/america-latina/)
- [Sudamérica](https://historylab.es/tag/sudamerica/)
- [Iberoamérica](https://historylab.es/tag/iberoamerica/)
- [Catastro de Ensenada](https://historylab.es/tag/catastro-de-ensenada/)
- [servicios](https://historylab.es/tag/servicios/)
- [tasas](https://historylab.es/tag/tasas/)
- [jesuítas](https://historylab.es/tag/jesuitas/)
- [expulsión](https://historylab.es/tag/expulsion/)
- [soltería](https://historylab.es/tag/solteria/)
- [1770](https://historylab.es/tag/1770/)
- [labradores](https://historylab.es/tag/labradores/)
- [eclesiásticos](https://historylab.es/tag/eclesiasticos/)
- [1842](https://historylab.es/tag/1842/)
- [industrial](https://historylab.es/tag/industrial/)
- [Alemania](https://historylab.es/tag/alemania/)
- [invasión francesa](https://historylab.es/tag/invasion-francesa/)
- [marítimo](https://historylab.es/tag/maritimo/)
- [tierra](https://historylab.es/tag/tierra/)
- [ocio](https://historylab.es/tag/ocio/)
- [campesinos](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinos/)
- [mar](https://historylab.es/tag/mar/)
- [Trashumancia](https://historylab.es/tag/trashumancia/)
- [Historia rural](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-rural/)
- [pastoreo](https://historylab.es/tag/pastoreo/)
- [Propiedades](https://historylab.es/tag/propiedades/)
- [Cofradías](https://historylab.es/tag/cofradias/)
- [Asociacionismo](https://historylab.es/tag/asociacionismo/)
- [Religiosidad popular](https://historylab.es/tag/religiosidad-popular/)
- [Ferrol](https://historylab.es/tag/ferrol/)
- [Ordenanzas](https://historylab.es/tag/ordenanzas/)
- [Manufacturas](https://historylab.es/tag/manufacturas/)
- [Mobiliario](https://historylab.es/tag/mobiliario/)
- [Principado de Cataluña](https://historylab.es/tag/principado-de-cataluna/)
- [Puerto de Sevilla](https://historylab.es/tag/puerto-de-sevilla/)
- [Políticas familiares](https://historylab.es/tag/politicas-familiares/)
- [Militares](https://historylab.es/tag/militares/)
- [Caballería](https://historylab.es/tag/caballeria/)
- [Mayorazgos](https://historylab.es/tag/mayorazgos/)
- [Muerte](https://historylab.es/tag/muerte/)
- [Expediente General de Cofradías](https://historylab.es/tag/expediente-general-de-cofradias/)
- [Alicante](https://historylab.es/tag/alicante/)
- [Contrabando](https://historylab.es/tag/contrabando/)
- [Defensa](https://historylab.es/tag/defensa/)
- [XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/xvi/)
- [Obispos](https://historylab.es/tag/obispos/)
- [Militarización](https://historylab.es/tag/militarizacion/)
- [Ordenes Regulares](https://historylab.es/tag/ordenes-regulares/)
- [Milicias](https://historylab.es/tag/milicias/)
- [Jurisdicción](https://historylab.es/tag/jurisdiccion/)
- [Señoríos](https://historylab.es/tag/senorios/)
- [Gobierno](https://historylab.es/tag/gobierno/)
- [Estudiantes](https://historylab.es/tag/estudiantes/)
- [Tutela](https://historylab.es/tag/tutela/)
- [Mudéjares](https://historylab.es/tag/mudejares/)
- [Badajoz](https://historylab.es/tag/badajoz/)
- [Deudas](https://historylab.es/tag/deudas/)
- [Protocolos notariales](https://historylab.es/tag/protocolos-notariales/)
- [Aprendices](https://historylab.es/tag/aprendices/)
- [Alfabetización](https://historylab.es/tag/alfabetizacion/)
- [Cátedras](https://historylab.es/tag/catedras/)
- [Repoblación](https://historylab.es/tag/repoblacion/)
- [Olivares](https://historylab.es/tag/olivares/)
- [Bautismo](https://historylab.es/tag/bautismo/)
- [Natalidad](https://historylab.es/tag/natalidad/)
- [Historia de la Familia](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-de-la-familia/)
- [Transacciones](https://historylab.es/tag/transacciones/)
- [Ilustraciones](https://historylab.es/tag/ilustraciones/)
- [1647](https://historylab.es/tag/1647/)
- [Reinado de Felipe V](https://historylab.es/tag/reinado-de-felipe-v/)
- [Niños](https://historylab.es/tag/ninos/)
- [Hijos ilegítimos](https://historylab.es/tag/hijos-ilegitimos/)
- [Manila](https://historylab.es/tag/manila/)
- [estaciones](https://historylab.es/tag/estaciones/)
- [cartas](https://historylab.es/tag/cartas/)
- [Universidades](https://historylab.es/tag/universidades/)
- [Educación](https://historylab.es/tag/educacion/)
- [Escuelas de Gramática](https://historylab.es/tag/escuelas-de-gramatica/)
- [Estudios](https://historylab.es/tag/estudios/)
- [Institutos](https://historylab.es/tag/institutos/)
- [Provincia de Extremadura](https://historylab.es/tag/provincia-de-extremadura/)
- [Imperio Otomano](https://historylab.es/tag/imperio-otomano/)
- [Concejo](https://historylab.es/tag/concejo/)
- [Oligarquías](https://historylab.es/tag/oligarquias/)
- [Reino de Granada](https://historylab.es/tag/reino-de-granada/)
- [Ejércitos](https://historylab.es/tag/ejercitos/)
- [Archivo General de Simancas](https://historylab.es/tag/archivo-general-de-simancas/)
- [Privilegios](https://historylab.es/tag/privilegios/)
- [Austracistas](https://historylab.es/tag/austracistas/)
- [Musulmanes](https://historylab.es/tag/musulmanes/)
- [Bandolerismo](https://historylab.es/tag/bandolerismo/)
- [Precolombino; Pectorales; Descubrimiento de América; Secundaria; Arte; Oro; América; Descubrimiento;](https://historylab.es/tag/precolombino-pectorales-descubrimiento-de-america-secundaria-arte-oro-america-descubrimiento/)
- [Colón; Carabelas; Viajes a América; Descubrimiento de América; 1492; Reyes Católicos; La Española; Bartolomé de las Casas](https://historylab.es/tag/colon-carabelas-viajes-a-america-descubrimiento-de-america-1492-reyes-catolicos-la-espanola-bartolome-de-las-casas/)
- [Museo de América.](https://historylab.es/tag/museo-de-america/)
- [Colón; Cristóbal Colón; Carabelas; Descubrimiento de América; Reyes Católicas; 1492; La Española; Viajes](https://historylab.es/tag/colon-cristobal-colon-carabelas-descubrimiento-de-america-reyes-catolicas-1492-la-espanola-viajes/)
- [Isabel](https://historylab.es/tag/isabel/)
- [Capillas](https://historylab.es/tag/capillas/)
- [Capilla Real de Granada](https://historylab.es/tag/capilla-real-de-granada/)
- [Habsburgo](https://historylab.es/tag/habsburgo/)
- [Tiziano](https://historylab.es/tag/tiziano/)
- [Zoo de Londres](https://historylab.es/tag/zoo-de-londres/)
- [Photographic Club](https://historylab.es/tag/photographic-club/)
- [S. XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/s-xix/)
- [Metro de Londres](https://historylab.es/tag/metro-de-londres/)
- [Inglaterra victoriana](https://historylab.es/tag/inglaterra-victoriana/)
- [condiciones de trabajo.](https://historylab.es/tag/condiciones-de-trabajo/)
- [Pintura española](https://historylab.es/tag/pintura-espanola/)
- [Bodegón](https://historylab.es/tag/bodegon/)
- [Monopolio](https://historylab.es/tag/monopolio/)
- [Escultura](https://historylab.es/tag/escultura/)
- [Jan Brueghel el Viejo](https://historylab.es/tag/jan-brueghel-el-viejo/)
- [Pintura flamenca](https://historylab.es/tag/pintura-flamenca/)
- [Gitanos](https://historylab.es/tag/gitanos/)
- [Regalismo](https://historylab.es/tag/regalismo/)
- [Vendimia](https://historylab.es/tag/vendimia/)
- [Misiones](https://historylab.es/tag/misiones/)
- [Arras](https://historylab.es/tag/arras/)
- [Teatro](https://historylab.es/tag/teatro/)
- [Carteles](https://historylab.es/tag/carteles/)
- [Cartas náuticas](https://historylab.es/tag/cartas-nauticas/)
- [Gobernadores](https://historylab.es/tag/gobernadores/)
- [Otoño](https://historylab.es/tag/otono/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; jóvenes; oficiales; maestros; siglo XVI; Bassano](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-jovenes-oficiales-maestros-siglo-xvi-bassano/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; anónimo; Museo del Prado; cantor; música; cantar; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-anonimo-museo-del-prado-cantor-musica-cantar-siglo-xvii/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; Murillo; siglo XVII; hilar; vieja; edad; mujer](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-murillo-siglo-xvii-hilar-vieja-edad-mujer/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; barbero; barba; oficio; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII; Jan Miel](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-barbero-barba-oficio-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii-jan-miel/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; cocina; despensa; caza; Snyders; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-cocina-despensa-caza-snyders-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; anónimo; Museo del Prado; violinista; música; cantar; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-anonimo-museo-del-prado-violinista-musica-cantar-siglo-xvii/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; venta; anónimo; siglo XVII; caza; fruta; bodegón; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-venta-anonimo-siglo-xvii-caza-fruta-bodegon-museo-del-prado/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; venta; gastromía; dulces; rosquilla; siglo XVIII; Cipper; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-venta-gastromia-dulces-rosquilla-siglo-xviii-cipper-museo-del-prado/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; lavadero; Flandes; ropa; vestimenta; indumentaria; Europa; siglo XVII; Brueghel; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-lavadero-flandes-ropa-vestimenta-indumentaria-europa-siglo-xvii-brueghel-museo-del-prado/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; sacamuelas; ambulante; trabajo; siglo XVII; Rombouts; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-sacamuelas-ambulante-trabajo-siglo-xvii-rombouts-museo-del-prado/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; Teniers; soldado; fumar; pipa; alegre; alegría; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-teniers-soldado-fumar-pipa-alegre-alegria-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; bufón; Don Juan de Austria; reír; soldado; Lepanto; batalla; Museo del Prado; Velázquez; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-bufon-don-juan-de-austria-reir-soldado-lepanto-batalla-museo-del-prado-velazquez-siglo-xvii/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; rural; campesino; campesinado; caballo; herradura; herrador; Museo del Prado; siglo XVIII; Aguirre](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-rural-campesino-campesinado-caballo-herradura-herrador-museo-del-prado-siglo-xviii-aguirre/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; teatro; interior; ensayo; comedia; ilustrado; Ilustración; siglo XVIII; Parey y Alcázar; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-teatro-interior-ensayo-comedia-ilustrado-ilustracion-siglo-xviii-parey-y-alcazar-museo-del-prado/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; retrato; torero; Antonio Carnicero; siglo XVIII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-retrato-torero-antonio-carnicero-siglo-xviii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; choricero; venta; ambulante; retrato; Ramón Bayeu; siglo XVIII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-choricero-venta-ambulante-retrato-ramon-bayeu-siglo-xviii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Trabajo; oficios; historia del trabajo; pintura; artes mecánicas; bufón; Velázquez; retrato; Diego de Acedo; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficios-historia-del-trabajo-pintura-artes-mecanicas-bufon-velazquez-retrato-diego-de-acedo-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; cotidiano; mujer; marido; niños; jóvenes; exterior; cabaña; familia; anónimo; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-cotidiano-mujer-marido-ninos-jovenes-exterior-cabana-familia-anonimo-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; verano; Goya; descanso; cosecha; siglo XVIII; Museo del Prado; oficios; trabajo](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-verano-goya-descanso-cosecha-siglo-xviii-museo-del-prado-oficios-trabajo/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; Goya; alegoría; primavera; frutos; Siglo XVIII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-goya-alegoria-primavera-frutos-siglo-xviii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; Maella; Museo del Prado; siglo XIX; alegoría; invierno; pareja; frío; hielo; nieve](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-maella-museo-del-prado-siglo-xix-alegoria-invierno-pareja-frio-hielo-nieve/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; aldeanos; conversación; ganadería; siglo XVII; pintura; Teniers; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-aldeanos-conversacion-ganaderia-siglo-xvii-pintura-teniers-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; fiesta; campestre; celebración; rural; Teniers; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-fiesta-campestre-celebracion-rural-teniers-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; Brughel; viejo; ciclo de vida; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado; cotidiano](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-brughel-viejo-ciclo-de-vida-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado-cotidiano/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; vida; campo; colaboración; Brueghel; viejo; Momper; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-vida-campo-colaboracion-brueghel-viejo-momper-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; matrimonio; banquete; boda; celebración; pintura; Brueghel; viejo; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-matrimonio-banquete-boda-celebracion-pintura-brueghel-viejo-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; diversión; fiesta; archiduque; Alberto; Isabel Clara Eugenia; baile; siglo XVII; Brueghel; viejo; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-diversion-fiesta-archiduque-alberto-isabel-clara-eugenia-baile-siglo-xvii-brueghel-viejo-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; cocina; interior; Ostande; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-cocina-interior-ostande-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; lectura; diversión; interior; Ostande; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-lectura-diversion-interior-ostande-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; música; violín; concierto; aldeano; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII; Ostande](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-musica-violin-concierto-aldeano-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii-ostande/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; música; violín; flauta; concierto; aldeano; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII; Ostande](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-musica-violin-flauta-concierto-aldeano-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii-ostande/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; vino; San Martín; matanza; otoño; celebración; Brueghel; viejo; Museo del Prado; siglo XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-vino-san-martin-matanza-otono-celebracion-brueghel-viejo-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvi/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; compra; venta; moneda; vendedor; aves; mercado; Saraceni; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-compra-venta-moneda-vendedor-aves-mercado-saraceni-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; Collantes; Francisco; paisaje; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-collantes-francisco-paisaje-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; grabado; Burrini; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-grabado-burrini-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; pastor; grabado; Haes; Museo del Prado; siglo XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-pastor-grabado-haes-museo-del-prado-siglo-xix/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; exterior; Haes; casa rural; pueblo; siglo XIX; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-exterior-haes-casa-rural-pueblo-siglo-xix-museo-del-prado/)
- [Indumentaria; oficios; bordar; bordador; artes mecánicas; vestimenta; medias; seda; azul; Museo del Traje; artífice; artesano; siglo XVIII](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-oficios-bordar-bordador-artes-mecanicas-vestimenta-medias-seda-azul-museo-del-traje-artifice-artesano-siglo-xviii/)
- [Indumentaria; oficios; sastre; artes mecánicas; vestimenta; chapín; calzado; femenino; artesano; artífice; Museo del Traje; siglo XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-oficios-sastre-artes-mecanicas-vestimenta-chapin-calzado-femenino-artesano-artifice-museo-del-traje-siglo-xvi/)
- [Costumbres populares; Madrid; Ilustración; paseantes; San Isidro; fiesta; pradera; 15 de mayo; Museo del Prado; siglo XVIII; Collantes](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-madrid-ilustracion-paseantes-san-isidro-fiesta-pradera-15-de-mayo-museo-del-prado-siglo-xviii-collantes/)
- [Costumbres populares; Madrid; Ilustración; paseantes; Delicias; paseo; fiesta; Museo del Prado; siglo XVIII; Collantes](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-madrid-ilustracion-paseantes-delicias-paseo-fiesta-museo-del-prado-siglo-xviii-collantes/)
- [Costumbres populares; Madrid; Barroco; Religión; Fe; Carlos II; Plaza Mayor; Inquisición; Francisco; Rizi; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-madrid-barroco-religion-fe-carlos-ii-plaza-mayor-inquisicion-francisco-rizi-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii/)
- [Costumbres populares; trabajo; Madrid; Guerra de Independencia; hambre; franceses; Madrid; Fernando VII; Museo del Prado; siglo XIX; Aparicio e Inglada](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-trabajo-madrid-guerra-de-independencia-hambre-franceses-madrid-fernando-vii-museo-del-prado-siglo-xix-aparicio-e-inglada/)
- [Trabajo; oficio; lavanderas; trabajo femenino; mujer; río; Manzanares; música; guitarra; diversión; Museo del Prado; siglo XIX; Rodríguez de Guzmán](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-oficio-lavanderas-trabajo-femenino-mujer-rio-manzanares-musica-guitarra-diversion-museo-del-prado-siglo-xix-rodriguez-de-guzman/)
- [Costumbres populares; baile; diversión; tradición; gaiteros; fiesta; copia; Teniers; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-baile-diversion-tradicion-gaiteros-fiesta-copia-teniers-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Costumbres populares; toros; tradición; toreo; corrida de toros; anónimo; Goya; siglo XIX; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-toros-tradicion-toreo-corrida-de-toros-anonimo-goya-siglo-xix-museo-del-prado/)
- [Costumbres populares; Madrid; majismo; Goya; diversión; juegos populares; juegos; jugar; gallina; gallinita; ciega; siglo XVIII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-madrid-majismo-goya-diversion-juegos-populares-juegos-jugar-gallina-gallinita-ciega-siglo-xviii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Costumbres populares; Madrid; majismo; Goya; diversión; juegos populares; juegos; jugar; pelele; jóvenes; siglo XVIII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-madrid-majismo-goya-diversion-juegos-populares-juegos-jugar-pelele-jovenes-siglo-xviii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Costumbres populares; Madrid; majismo; Goya; diversión; juegos populares; juegos; jugar; gigantillas; niños; Museo del Prado; siglo XVIII](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-madrid-majismo-goya-diversion-juegos-populares-juegos-jugar-gigantillas-ninos-museo-del-prado-siglo-xviii/)
- [Historia del trabajo; sastre; oficios; oficios mecánicos; indumentaria; Il sarto; Moroni; National Gallery; siglo XVI; tela](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-del-trabajo-sastre-oficios-oficios-mecanicos-indumentaria-il-sarto-moroni-national-gallery-siglo-xvi-tela/)
- [Historia del trabajo; albañil; oficio; Goya; herido; compañerismo; oficial; albañilería; siglo XVIII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-del-trabajo-albanil-oficio-goya-herido-companerismo-oficial-albanileria-siglo-xviii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Costumbres populares; diversión; niños; juegos; ocio; Goya; zancos; majos; siglo XVIII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-diversion-ninos-juegos-ocio-goya-zancos-majos-siglo-xviii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Costumbres populares; Madrid; San Isidro; santo; festividad; romería; pradera; fiesta; celebración; Goya; siglo XIX; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-madrid-san-isidro-santo-festividad-romeria-pradera-fiesta-celebracion-goya-siglo-xix-museo-del-prado/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; Annibale; Carraci; frijoles; comedor; interior; siglo XVII; Elkano](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-annibale-carraci-frijoles-comedor-interior-siglo-xvii-elkano/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; celebración; festín; Coornelisz; Soumaya; Fundación; Carlos; Slim; pintura; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-celebracion-festin-coornelisz-soumaya-fundacion-carlos-slim-pintura-siglo-xvii/)
- [Indumentaria; siglo XVIII; sastre; Goya; grabado; vestiduras; Goya; sartorial; manufactura; siglo XIX; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-siglo-xviii-sastre-goya-grabado-vestiduras-goya-sartorial-manufactura-siglo-xix-museo-del-prado/)
- [Indumentaria; siglo XVII; sastre; vestir a la española; golilla; negro; textil; artesanos; artesanía; oficial de manos; Nils Nillson Brahe; Skokloster Castle; Suecia; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-siglo-xvii-sastre-vestir-a-la-espanola-golilla-negro-textil-artesanos-artesania-oficial-de-manos-nils-nillson-brahe-skokloster-castle-suecia-siglo-xvii/)
- [Literatura; Lope de Vega; teatro; poesía; Corte; Madrid; despacho; Casa; casa-museo; calle Cervantes; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/literatura-lope-de-vega-teatro-poesia-corte-madrid-despacho-casa-casa-museo-calle-cervantes-siglo-xvii/)
- [Costumbres populares; lago helado; diversión; pintura; patinar; National Gallery; frío; nieve; siglo XIX; Vermeulen](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-lago-helado-diversion-pintura-patinar-national-gallery-frio-nieve-siglo-xix-vermeulen/)
- [Costumbres populares; pintura; van Dyck; juventud; Balbi; niños; retrato; National Gallery; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-pintura-van-dyck-juventud-balbi-ninos-retrato-national-gallery-siglo-xvii/)
- [Costumbres populares; siglo XVII; Sevilla; Biblia; Marta; María; Marta y María; Velázquez; pintura; Nuevo Testamento; National Gallery; costumbre servil; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-siglo-xvii-sevilla-biblia-marta-maria-marta-y-maria-velazquez-pintura-nuevo-testamento-national-gallery-costumbre-servil-siglo-xvii/)
- [Conde duque de Olivares; Salón de Reinos; Madrid; Palacio del Retiro; Buen Retiro; Felipe IV; Historia Militar; Carducho; Fleurus; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/conde-duque-de-olivares-salon-de-reinos-madrid-palacio-del-retiro-buen-retiro-felipe-iv-historia-militar-carducho-fleurus-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Conde duque de Olivares; Salón de Reinos; Madrid; Palacio del Retiro; Buen Retiro; Felipe IV; Historia Militar; Constanza; Carducho; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/conde-duque-de-olivares-salon-de-reinos-madrid-palacio-del-retiro-buen-retiro-felipe-iv-historia-militar-constanza-carducho-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Conde duque de Olivares; Salón de Reinos; Madrid; Palacio del Retiro; Buen Retiro; Felipe IV; Historia Militar; Cádiz; Defensa de Cádiz; ingleses; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/conde-duque-de-olivares-salon-de-reinos-madrid-palacio-del-retiro-buen-retiro-felipe-iv-historia-militar-cadiz-defensa-de-cadiz-ingleses-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Conde duque de Olivares; Salón de Reinos; Madrid; Palacio del Retiro; Buen Retiro; Felipe IV; Historia Militar; Maíno; Bahía; Recuperación de Bahía; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/conde-duque-de-olivares-salon-de-reinos-madrid-palacio-del-retiro-buen-retiro-felipe-iv-historia-militar-maino-bahia-recuperacion-de-bahia-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Conde duque de Olivares; Salón de Reinos; Madrid; Palacio del Retiro; Buen Retiro; Felipe IV; Historia Militar; Breda; Velázquez; Spínola; picas; Breda; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/conde-duque-de-olivares-salon-de-reinos-madrid-palacio-del-retiro-buen-retiro-felipe-iv-historia-militar-breda-velazquez-spinola-picas-breda-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Conde duque de Olivares; Salón de Reinos; Madrid; Palacio del Retiro; Buen Retiro; Felipe IV; Historia Militar; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/conde-duque-de-olivares-salon-de-reinos-madrid-palacio-del-retiro-buen-retiro-felipe-iv-historia-militar-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii/)
- [Conde duque de Olivares; Salón de Reinos; Madrid; Palacio del Retiro; Buen Retiro; Felipe IV; Historia Militar; Brisach; Carducho; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/conde-duque-de-olivares-salon-de-reinos-madrid-palacio-del-retiro-buen-retiro-felipe-iv-historia-militar-brisach-carducho-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii/)
- [Conde duque de Olivares; Salón de Reinos; Madrid; Palacio del Retiro; Buen Retiro; Felipe IV; Historia Militar; Pereda; Antonio de Pereda; Génova; Santa Cruz; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/conde-duque-de-olivares-salon-de-reinos-madrid-palacio-del-retiro-buen-retiro-felipe-iv-historia-militar-pereda-antonio-de-pereda-genova-santa-cruz-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii/)
- [Conde duque de Olivares; Salón de Reinos; Madrid; Palacio del Retiro; Buen Retiro; Felipe IV; Historia Militar; Spínola; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/conde-duque-de-olivares-salon-de-reinos-madrid-palacio-del-retiro-buen-retiro-felipe-iv-historia-militar-spinola-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii/)
- [Luca Giordano; bóveda; Monarquía Hispánica; alegoría; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII; Casón del Buen Retiro; salón de bailes](https://historylab.es/tag/luca-giordano-boveda-monarquia-hispanica-alegoria-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii-cason-del-buen-retiro-salon-de-bailes/)
- [Corte; Buen Retiro; Palacio del Buen Retiro; Leonardo; Felipe IV; Conde duque de Olivares; siglo XVII; Museo Municipal de Madrid](https://historylab.es/tag/corte-buen-retiro-palacio-del-buen-retiro-leonardo-felipe-iv-conde-duque-de-olivares-siglo-xvii-museo-municipal-de-madrid/)
- [Corte; Cortesanos; Familia Real; Carlos III; Madrid; Palacio Real; Museo del Prado; siglo XVIII; familia; áulico; espacio áulico](https://historylab.es/tag/corte-cortesanos-familia-real-carlos-iii-madrid-palacio-real-museo-del-prado-siglo-xviii-familia-aulico-espacio-aulico/)
- [Corte; Cortesanos; Familia Real; Felipe IV; Velázquez; Alcázar de Madrid; Museo del Prado; siglo XVII; Velázquez; Meninas](https://historylab.es/tag/corte-cortesanos-familia-real-felipe-iv-velazquez-alcazar-de-madrid-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvii-velazquez-meninas/)
- [Interior](https://historylab.es/tag/interior/)
- [Indumentaria; siglo XIX; sastre; bordado; caballero; artesanía; artesanal; artífice; oficial de manos; Carlos III; Fernando VIII; Manto Real Orden; Patrimonio Nacional](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-siglo-xix-sastre-bordado-caballero-artesania-artesanal-artifice-oficial-de-manos-carlos-iii-fernando-viii-manto-real-orden-patrimonio-nacional/)
- [Armaduras reales; celada; Carlos V; Antigüedad Clásica; Negrolli; armadura; peto; espaldar; casco; Patrimonio Nacional; parada; juego; emperador; romano; siglo XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/armaduras-reales-celada-carlos-v-antiguedad-clasica-negrolli-armadura-peto-espaldar-casco-patrimonio-nacional-parada-juego-emperador-romano-siglo-xvi/)
- [Armaduras reales; celada; Carlos V; Antigüedad Clásica; armadura; peto; espaldar; completo; KD; emperador; Carlos V; Patrimonio Nacional; siglo XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/armaduras-reales-celada-carlos-v-antiguedad-clasica-armadura-peto-espaldar-completo-kd-emperador-carlos-v-patrimonio-nacional-siglo-xvi/)
- [Armaduras reales; celada; Felipe II; Antigüedad Clásica; armadura; peto; espaldar; armadura romana; Giobaldo delle Rovere; Patrimonio Nacional; siglo XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/armaduras-reales-celada-felipe-ii-antiguedad-clasica-armadura-peto-espaldar-armadura-romana-giobaldo-delle-rovere-patrimonio-nacional-siglo-xvi/)
- [Vista; Alcázar; Alcázar de Madrid; Solo Madrid es Corte; Biblioteca Nacional; Digital; Hispánica; granado; estampa; Louis Meunier; siglo XVII; Madrid](https://historylab.es/tag/vista-alcazar-alcazar-de-madrid-solo-madrid-es-corte-biblioteca-nacional-digital-hispanica-granado-estampa-louis-meunier-siglo-xvii-madrid/)
- [Empel; Milagro de Empel; Bobadilla; Guerra de los ochenta años; tercios; Flandes; virgen](https://historylab.es/tag/empel-milagro-de-empel-bobadilla-guerra-de-los-ochenta-anos-tercios-flandes-virgen/)
- [Rocroi; Tercios; Francisco de Melo; Guerra de los Treinta Años; Flandes; tercios;](https://historylab.es/tag/rocroi-tercios-francisco-de-melo-guerra-de-los-treinta-anos-flandes-tercios/)
- [Tercios; ejército; tercios españoles; Gran Capitán; Nápoles; Sicilia; Lombardía](https://historylab.es/tag/tercios-ejercito-tercios-espanoles-gran-capitan-napoles-sicilia-lombardia/)
- [Viviendas](https://historylab.es/tag/viviendas/)
- [El Bonillo](https://historylab.es/tag/el-bonillo/)
- [Munera](https://historylab.es/tag/munera/)
- [Barrax](https://historylab.es/tag/barrax/)
- [Ventanas](https://historylab.es/tag/ventanas/)
- [Carlos V; Emperador; Escorial; Yuste; momia; entierro; San Lorenzo del Escorial; Panteón Real; Austria; Casa Austria; malaria; gota; meñique](https://historylab.es/tag/carlos-v-emperador-escorial-yuste-momia-entierro-san-lorenzo-del-escorial-panteon-real-austria-casa-austria-malaria-gota-menique/)
- [Alcázar de Madrid; Madrid; Alcázar; Felipe II; Capital; 1561; Palacio Real; Incendio; Juan Gómez de Mora;](https://historylab.es/tag/alcazar-de-madrid-madrid-alcazar-felipe-ii-capital-1561-palacio-real-incendio-juan-gomez-de-mora/)
- [Plaza Mayor; Plaza del Arrabal; Juan de Herrera; toros; fiestas de juegos y cañas; auto de fe; Madrid; siglo XVII; grabado](https://historylab.es/tag/plaza-mayor-plaza-del-arrabal-juan-de-herrera-toros-fiestas-de-juegos-y-canas-auto-de-fe-madrid-siglo-xvii-grabado/)
- [Museo Municipal de Madrid](https://historylab.es/tag/museo-municipal-de-madrid/)
- [Plaza del Sol; grabado; siglo XVII; mentidero; Madrid; siglo XVII; fuente; Museo Municipal de Madrid](https://historylab.es/tag/plaza-del-sol-grabado-siglo-xvii-mentidero-madrid-siglo-xvii-fuente-museo-municipal-de-madrid/)
- [Plaza Mayor; Plaza del Arrabal; Juan de Herrera; toros; fiestas de juegos y cañas; auto de fe; Madrid; siglo XVII; pintura; Museo Municipal de Madrid](https://historylab.es/tag/plaza-mayor-plaza-del-arrabal-juan-de-herrera-toros-fiestas-de-juegos-y-canas-auto-de-fe-madrid-siglo-xvii-pintura-museo-municipal-de-madrid/)
- [Los embajadores; Holbein; calavera; religión; ciencia; cisma; letrado; hombres; siglo XVI; perspectiva; siglo XVI; National Gallery](https://historylab.es/tag/los-embajadores-holbein-calavera-religion-ciencia-cisma-letrado-hombres-siglo-xvi-perspectiva-siglo-xvi-national-gallery/)
- [Campesinado; Historia rural; historia de la familia; campesinos; borrachera; jarra y pipa; Ostande; siglo XVII; National Gallery](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-historia-de-la-familia-campesinos-borrachera-jarra-y-pipa-ostande-siglo-xvii-national-gallery/)
- [Música; fiesta; fiesta musical; siglo XVII; interior; costumbrismo; historia cultural; diversión; Caspar Netscher; National Gallery](https://historylab.es/tag/musica-fiesta-fiesta-musical-siglo-xvii-interior-costumbrismo-historia-cultural-diversion-caspar-netscher-national-gallery/)
- [Venecia; siglo XVIII; basílica de San Marcos; Ascensión; Día de la Ascensión; National Gallery; góndola; barcos; dorado; canales](https://historylab.es/tag/venecia-siglo-xviii-basilica-de-san-marcos-ascension-dia-de-la-ascension-national-gallery-gondola-barcos-dorado-canales/)
- [Campesinado; Historia Rural; vejez; juventud; criada; campesinos; cuidados; Teniers; siglo XVII; National Gallery;](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-historia-rural-vejez-juventud-criada-campesinos-cuidados-teniers-siglo-xvii-national-gallery/)
- [Campesinado; hombre; mujer; cortejo; campesino; campesina; costumbres; cortejo; Ostande; siglo XVII; National Gallery](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-hombre-mujer-cortejo-campesino-campesina-costumbres-cortejo-ostande-siglo-xvii-national-gallery/)
- [Escuelas](https://historylab.es/tag/escuelas/)
- [Estampas](https://historylab.es/tag/estampas/)
- [Indumentaria; cotilla; ropa interior; siglo XVIII; corsé; moda femenina; moda; Museo del Traje; ballena](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-cotilla-ropa-interior-siglo-xviii-corse-moda-femenina-moda-museo-del-traje-ballena/)
- [Indumentaria; bata; ropa interior; siglo XVIII; moda femenina; moda; Museo del Traje](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-bata-ropa-interior-siglo-xviii-moda-femenina-moda-museo-del-traje/)
- [Indumentaria; vestido de maja; moda femenina; moda; maja; siglo XIX; Museo del Traje;](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-vestido-de-maja-moda-femenina-moda-maja-siglo-xix-museo-del-traje/)
- [Indumentaria; capota; mujer; moda femenina; cabeza; gorro; sol; Museo del Traje; siglo XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-capota-mujer-moda-femenina-cabeza-gorro-sol-museo-del-traje-siglo-xix/)
- [Indumentaria; vestido romántico; mujer; moda femenina; moda; Museo del Traje; siglo XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-vestido-romantico-mujer-moda-femenina-moda-museo-del-traje-siglo-xix/)
- [Indumentaria; traje de baile; mujer; moda; moda femenina; burguesía; soltera; Museo del Traje; siglo XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-traje-de-baile-mujer-moda-moda-femenina-burguesia-soltera-museo-del-traje-siglo-xix/)
- [Historia militar; guerra; buque; armada; Francia; España; pasarela; marítimo; batalla marítima; Monarquía Hispánica; Museo Arqueológico; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-militar-guerra-buque-armada-francia-espana-pasarela-maritimo-batalla-maritima-monarquia-hispanica-museo-arqueologico-siglo-xvii/)
- [Sevilla; vista de Sevilla; pintura; idealización; costumbrismo; siglo XVI; Museo de Bellas Artes de Sevilla; río; Guadalquivir](https://historylab.es/tag/sevilla-vista-de-sevilla-pintura-idealizacion-costumbrismo-siglo-xvi-museo-de-bellas-artes-de-sevilla-rio-guadalquivir/)
- [Zurbarán; Sevilla; San Hugo; refrectorio; cartujos; pintura; siglo XVII; barroco; Museo de Bellas Artes de Sevilla](https://historylab.es/tag/zurbaran-sevilla-san-hugo-refrectorio-cartujos-pintura-siglo-xvii-barroco-museo-de-bellas-artes-de-sevilla/)
- [Familia; Historia de la Familia; Juan Manuel de la Pezuela; siglo XIX; José Elbo Peñuelas; Peñuelas; Pintura; Museo del Romanticismo;](https://historylab.es/tag/familia-historia-de-la-familia-juan-manuel-de-la-pezuela-siglo-xix-jose-elbo-penuelas-penuelas-pintura-museo-del-romanticismo/)
- [Familia; Historia de la Familia; Jorge Flaquer; Familia de Jorge Flaquer; Joaquín Espalter; Espalter; banquero; siglo XIX; Retrato; Museo del Romanticismo](https://historylab.es/tag/familia-historia-de-la-familia-jorge-flaquer-familia-de-jorge-flaquer-joaquin-espalter-espalter-banquero-siglo-xix-retrato-museo-del-romanticismo/)
- [Familia; Historia de la Familia; Gaspar Soliveres; José Aparicio; pintor; siglo XIX; gabinete; Inglada; Museo del Romanticismo;](https://historylab.es/tag/familia-historia-de-la-familia-gaspar-soliveres-jose-aparicio-pintor-siglo-xix-gabinete-inglada-museo-del-romanticismo/)
- [Familia; Historia de la Familia; Cayetano Fuentes; José Elbo; pintor; siglo XIX; Museo del Romanticismo; sastre; artífice; artesano; moda](https://historylab.es/tag/familia-historia-de-la-familia-cayetano-fuentes-jose-elbo-pintor-siglo-xix-museo-del-romanticismo-sastre-artifice-artesano-moda/)
- [Familia; historia de la Familia; retrato familiar; siglo XIX; retrato; pintura; Museo de Cádiz](https://historylab.es/tag/familia-historia-de-la-familia-retrato-familiar-siglo-xix-retrato-pintura-museo-de-cadiz/)
- [Familia; historia de la Familia; retrato familiar; siglo XVIII; Museo de Cádiz; Ilustración; interior; ilustrado](https://historylab.es/tag/familia-historia-de-la-familia-retrato-familiar-siglo-xviii-museo-de-cadiz-ilustracion-interior-ilustrado/)
- [Historia del trabajo; sastre; oficios; oficios mecánicos; indumentaria; tienda; siglo XVII; van Brekelenkam; National Gallery](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-del-trabajo-sastre-oficios-oficios-mecanicos-indumentaria-tienda-siglo-xvii-van-brekelenkam-national-gallery/)
- [Historia del Trabajo Historia de la mujer; pescadera; oficios; oficios mecánicos; salmón; pescado; Gerritsz; Rijksmuseum; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-del-trabajo-historia-de-la-mujer-pescadera-oficios-oficios-mecanicos-salmon-pescado-gerritsz-rijksmuseum-siglo-xvii/)
- [Historia del trabajo; hilandera; oficios; oficios mecánicos; indumentaria; tienda; Metropolitan Museum; siglo XVII; van Brekelenkam](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-del-trabajo-hilandera-oficios-oficios-mecanicos-indumentaria-tienda-metropolitan-museum-siglo-xvii-van-brekelenkam/)
- [Historia del trabajo; zapatero; oficios; oficios mecánicos; indumentaria; tienda; Norton Simon Museum; van Brekelenkam; Gerritsz; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-del-trabajo-zapatero-oficios-oficios-mecanicos-indumentaria-tienda-norton-simon-museum-van-brekelenkam-gerritsz-siglo-xvii/)
- [Cinquecento](https://historylab.es/tag/cinquecento/)
- [Exclusión](https://historylab.es/tag/exclusion/)
- [Caravaggio](https://historylab.es/tag/caravaggio/)
- [Pintura barroca](https://historylab.es/tag/pintura-barroca/)
- [Pintura siglo XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/pintura-siglo-xvi/)
- [Marginalidad](https://historylab.es/tag/marginalidad/)
- [Pintura Siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/pintura-siglo-xvii/)
- [1749](https://historylab.es/tag/1749/)
- [1425](https://historylab.es/tag/1425/)
- [Renacimiento italiano](https://historylab.es/tag/renacimiento-italiano/)
- [Quattrocento](https://historylab.es/tag/quattrocento/)
- [Filippo Brunelleschi](https://historylab.es/tag/filippo-brunelleschi/)
- [Donatello](https://historylab.es/tag/donatello/)
- [Fra Angélico](https://historylab.es/tag/fra-angelico/)
- [Piero della Francesca](https://historylab.es/tag/piero-della-francesca/)
- [Rafael](https://historylab.es/tag/rafael/)
- [Pintura renacentista](https://historylab.es/tag/pintura-renacentista/)
- [Retrato](https://historylab.es/tag/retrato/)
- [Mujeres pintoras](https://historylab.es/tag/mujeres-pintoras/)
- [Giorgio Vasari](https://historylab.es/tag/giorgio-vasari/)
- [Lavinia Fontana](https://historylab.es/tag/lavinia-fontana/)
- [Mitología](https://historylab.es/tag/mitologia/)
- [Pintura; gitanos; suerte; buena suerte; La Tour; fortuna; Museo Metropolitano; robo; hurto; miradas; suerte](https://historylab.es/tag/pintura-gitanos-suerte-buena-suerte-la-tour-fortuna-museo-metropolitano-robo-hurto-miradas-suerte/)
- [Indumentaria; vestido; inglés; siglo XVIII; volantes; cartón de pecho; vestimenta; cartón de pecho](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-vestido-ingles-siglo-xviii-volantes-carton-de-pecho-vestimenta-carton-de-pecho/)
- [Jóvenes; diversión; burbujas; ocio; pompas; jabón; pintura; Chardin; Metropolitan Museum; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/jovenes-diversion-burbujas-ocio-pompas-jabon-pintura-chardin-metropolitan-museum-siglo-xvii/)
- [Escuela americana; escuela; americana; educación; ilustración; Metropolitan Museum; siglo XVIII; ilustrado; interior](https://historylab.es/tag/escuela-americana-escuela-americana-educacion-ilustracion-metropolitan-museum-siglo-xviii-ilustrado-interior/)
- [Erasmo; Roterdam; pintura; siglo XVI; retrato; Erasmo de Roterdam; Hans Holbein; joven; Metropolitan Museum](https://historylab.es/tag/erasmo-roterdam-pintura-siglo-xvi-retrato-erasmo-de-roterdam-hans-holbein-joven-metropolitan-museum/)
- [Aserrador; madera; aserrador de madera; trabajo; USA; Estados Unidos; afroamericano; Weir; pintura; siglo XIX; Metropolitan Museum](https://historylab.es/tag/aserrador-madera-aserrador-de-madera-trabajo-usa-estados-unidos-afroamericano-weir-pintura-siglo-xix-metropolitan-museum/)
- [Historia de la familia; concurso; diversión; ocio; ramo; Robert Gordon; Robert; Gordon; Nueva York; Metropolitan Museum; siglo XIX; interior](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-de-la-familia-concurso-diversion-ocio-ramo-robert-gordon-robert-gordon-nueva-york-metropolitan-museum-siglo-xix-interior/)
- [Juan de Pareja; Velázquez; pintura; esclavo; siglo de Oro; Italia; retrato; siglo XVII; Metropolitan Museum; viaje](https://historylab.es/tag/juan-de-pareja-velazquez-pintura-esclavo-siglo-de-oro-italia-retrato-siglo-xvii-metropolitan-museum-viaje/)
- [Costumbres populares; pavo; Navidad; desplumar; comida; cena; William Edmonds; Edmonds; siglo XIX; Metropolitan Museum](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-pavo-navidad-desplumar-comida-cena-william-edmonds-edmonds-siglo-xix-metropolitan-museum/)
- [Costumbres populares; comida; sopa boba; sopa; Madrid; barroco; gastronomía; comida; Sereno](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-comida-sopa-boba-sopa-madrid-barroco-gastronomia-comida-sereno/)
- [Mujeres; historia de la mujer; pintura; Bellas Artes; Real Academia de Bellas Artes; Madrid; pintoras; artistas; San Fernando; siglo XVIII; siglo XIX; Olivieri; Faraona](https://historylab.es/tag/mujeres-historia-de-la-mujer-pintura-bellas-artes-real-academia-de-bellas-artes-madrid-pintoras-artistas-san-fernando-siglo-xviii-siglo-xix-olivieri-faraona/)
- [Mujeres; historia de la mujer; pintura; Bellas Artes; retrato; talleres; Madrid; feminismo; siglo XVII; artistas; administradoras](https://historylab.es/tag/mujeres-historia-de-la-mujer-pintura-bellas-artes-retrato-talleres-madrid-feminismo-siglo-xvii-artistas-administradoras/)
- [Chitqua; escultor; chino; Londres; academia; viaje; Inglaterra; escultura; barro](https://historylab.es/tag/chitqua-escultor-chino-londres-academia-viaje-inglaterra-escultura-barro/)
- [Cristina de Suecia; Cristina; Suecia; Roma; Bernini; catolicismo; coleccionismo; Atenea](https://historylab.es/tag/cristina-de-suecia-cristina-suecia-roma-bernini-catolicismo-coleccionismo-atenea/)
- [Felix Castelo; Felx; Castelo; Torre de la Parada; Felipe IV; caza; cinegético](https://historylab.es/tag/felix-castelo-felx-castelo-torre-de-la-parada-felipe-iv-caza-cinegetico/)
- [rey de España; Felipe IV; España; rey: Rey Planeta; latín; grabado](https://historylab.es/tag/rey-de-espana-felipe-iv-espana-rey-rey-planeta-latin-grabado/)
- [Tejido; bordado; tejido bordado; siglo XVI; indumentaria; vestimenta; cultura material; gusto; vestir a la española](https://historylab.es/tag/tejido-bordado-tejido-bordado-siglo-xvi-indumentaria-vestimenta-cultura-material-gusto-vestir-a-la-espanola/)
- [Lechuguillas; indumentaria; cuellos; pragmática 1623; cultura material; vestimenta; cuello; etnografía; historia cultural; vestir a la española](https://historylab.es/tag/lechuguillas-indumentaria-cuellos-pragmatica-1623-cultura-material-vestimenta-cuello-etnografia-historia-cultural-vestir-a-la-espanola/)
- [Carlos V; escultura; furor; Leoni; dios; romano; helenismo; bronce; siglo XVI; Museo del Prado; Pompeo; Leone](https://historylab.es/tag/carlos-v-escultura-furor-leoni-dios-romano-helenismo-bronce-siglo-xvi-museo-del-prado-pompeo-leone/)
- [Indumentaria; indumentaria española; vestimenta; negro; masculino; retrato; moda; siglo XVII; siglo XIX; anónimo; Museo Lázaro Galdiano](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-indumentaria-espanola-vestimenta-negro-masculino-retrato-moda-siglo-xvii-siglo-xix-anonimo-museo-lazaro-galdiano/)
- [Indumentaria; moda; indumentaria española; vestir a la española; vestir; española; pareja](https://historylab.es/tag/indumentaria-moda-indumentaria-espanola-vestir-a-la-espanola-vestir-espanola-pareja/)
- [Conquista española; conquista de América; América; reparto de regalos; españoles](https://historylab.es/tag/conquista-espanola-conquista-de-america-america-reparto-de-regalos-espanoles/)
- [Conquista española; conquista de América; América; sacrificio](https://historylab.es/tag/conquista-espanola-conquista-de-america-america-sacrificio/)
- [Conquista española; conquista de América; América; apresamiento; Moctezuma; prisionero](https://historylab.es/tag/conquista-espanola-conquista-de-america-america-apresamiento-moctezuma-prisionero/)
- [Conquista española; conquista de América; América; coronación; rey; Texcoco; españoles;](https://historylab.es/tag/conquista-espanola-conquista-de-america-america-coronacion-rey-texcoco-espanoles/)
- [Conquista española; conquista de América; América; ataque; Moctezuma; prisionero](https://historylab.es/tag/conquista-espanola-conquista-de-america-america-ataque-moctezuma-prisionero/)
- [Conquista española; conquista de América; América; apresamiento; Cortés; prisionero; batalla](https://historylab.es/tag/conquista-espanola-conquista-de-america-america-apresamiento-cortes-prisionero-batalla/)
- [Conquista española; conquista de América; América; sacrificio; españoles;](https://historylab.es/tag/conquista-espanola-conquista-de-america-america-sacrificio-espanoles/)
- [Conquista española; conquista de América; América; destrucción; Tecnochittlán](https://historylab.es/tag/conquista-espanola-conquista-de-america-america-destruccion-tecnochittlan/)
- [Goya; pintura; 2 de mayo; madrileños; franceses; revuelta; independencia; guerra de la independencia; Museo del Prado; siglo XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/goya-pintura-2-de-mayo-madrilenos-franceses-revuelta-independencia-guerra-de-la-independencia-museo-del-prado-siglo-xix/)
- [Goya; pintura; 3 de mayo; madrileños; franceses; guerra de la independencia; plaza de España; fusilamientos; Museo del Prado; siglo XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/goya-pintura-3-de-mayo-madrilenos-franceses-guerra-de-la-independencia-plaza-de-espana-fusilamientos-museo-del-prado-siglo-xix/)
- [Pintura; 2 de mayo; madrileños; franceses; revuelta; alzamiento; Malasaña; Museo del Prado; siglo XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/pintura-2-de-mayo-madrilenos-franceses-revuelta-alzamiento-malasana-museo-del-prado-siglo-xix/)
- [Mujer; mujeres; prisión; encarcelada; pintura; Museo del Prado; siglo XIX; Isabel II; Cura Merino; regicidio; Lucas Velázquez](https://historylab.es/tag/mujer-mujeres-prision-encarcelada-pintura-museo-del-prado-siglo-xix-isabel-ii-cura-merino-regicidio-lucas-velazquez/)
- [Lavativa; costumbre popular; salud; higiene; costumbre; Museo del Prado; siglo XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/lavativa-costumbre-popular-salud-higiene-costumbre-museo-del-prado-siglo-xix/)
- [Inquisición; condena; religión; cruz; sambenito; Museo del Prado; siglo XIX; goyesco; Lucas Velázquez](https://historylab.es/tag/inquisicion-condena-religion-cruz-sambenito-museo-del-prado-siglo-xix-goyesco-lucas-velazquez/)
- [Trabajo; historia cultural; ciego; ceguera; zanfonía; música; perro; pobre francés](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-historia-cultural-ciego-ceguera-zanfonia-musica-perro-pobre-frances/)
- [Trabajo; costumbres; gallina; compra; transacción; trabajo femenino; gallinera; Zocodover; siglo XVII; Museo del Prado](https://historylab.es/tag/trabajo-costumbres-gallina-compra-transaccion-trabajo-femenino-gallinera-zocodover-siglo-xvii-museo-del-prado/)
- [Revolución; libertad; burguesía; revueltas; París; Delacroix; Museo del Louvre; siglo XIX; 1830; Carlos X; levantamiento](https://historylab.es/tag/revolucion-libertad-burguesia-revueltas-paris-delacroix-museo-del-louvre-siglo-xix-1830-carlos-x-levantamiento/)
- [Napoleón; Francia; batalla; Prusia; Alemania; victoria; siglo XIX; Rusia; Bennigsen; Museo del Louvre; siglo XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/napoleon-francia-batalla-prusia-alemania-victoria-siglo-xix-rusia-bennigsen-museo-del-louvre-siglo-xix/)
- [Revolución; libertad; burguesía; revueltas; barricada; Museo del Louvre; 1848; siglo XIX; rue de la Mortellerie](https://historylab.es/tag/revolucion-libertad-burguesia-revueltas-barricada-museo-del-louvre-1848-siglo-xix-rue-de-la-mortellerie/)
- [Napoleón; Francia; coronación; emperador; Carlomagno; Notre-Dame; París; David; Museo del Louvre; siglo XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/napoleon-francia-coronacion-emperador-carlomagno-notre-dame-paris-david-museo-del-louvre-siglo-xix/)
- [Costumbres populares; juego; diversión; pillería; cartas; trampas; as; La Tour; pintura; siglo XVII; Museo del Louvre](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-juego-diversion-pilleria-cartas-trampas-as-la-tour-pintura-siglo-xvii-museo-del-louvre/)
- [Costumbres populares; juego; diversión; cartas; interior; Hooch; naipes; opulento; Museo del Louvre; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-juego-diversion-cartas-interior-hooch-naipes-opulento-museo-del-louvre-siglo-xvii/)
- [Costumbres populares; interior; doméstico; taresas del hogar; hogar; disfrute; silencio; Maes; siglo XVII; Royal Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-interior-domestico-taresas-del-hogar-hogar-disfrute-silencio-maes-siglo-xvii-royal-collection/)
- [Costumbres populares; pasión; juego; cartas; música; diversión; interior; Steen; siglo XVII; Royal Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-pasion-juego-cartas-musica-diversion-interior-steen-siglo-xvii-royal-collection/)
- [Costumbres populares; cocina; cebolla; trocear; sexualidad; Dou; siglo XVII; Royal Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-cocina-cebolla-trocear-sexualidad-dou-siglo-xvii-royal-collection/)
- [Costumbres populares; diversión; caza; cetrería; caballos; perros; halcones; cacería; van de Velde; siglo XVII; Royal Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-diversion-caza-cetreria-caballos-perros-halcones-caceria-van-de-velde-siglo-xvii-royal-collection/)
- [Costumbres populares; juego; caza; campesinos; atención; familia; cerveza; Potter; siglo XVII; Royal Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-juego-caza-campesinos-atencion-familia-cerveza-potter-siglo-xvii-royal-collection/)
- [Costumbre; militar; campo de batalla; guerra; tambor; tamborilero; bandera; Teniers; siglo XVII; Royal Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbre-militar-campo-de-batalla-guerra-tambor-tamborilero-bandera-teniers-siglo-xvii-royal-collection/)
- [Familia; historia de la familia; moda; indumentaria; Países Bajos; Teniers; siglo XVII; Royal Collection; padre; madre; hijos; jóvenes; retrato; pintura](https://historylab.es/tag/familia-historia-de-la-familia-moda-indumentaria-paises-bajos-teniers-siglo-xvii-royal-collection-padre-madre-hijos-jovenes-retrato-pintura/)
- [Familia; historia de la familia; Carlos II; Príncipe de Gales; Enriqueta María; Carlos I; Estuardo; Pot; Hendrick; siglo XVII; Royal Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/familia-historia-de-la-familia-carlos-ii-principe-de-gales-enriqueta-maria-carlos-i-estuardo-pot-hendrick-siglo-xvii-royal-collection/)
- [Familia; historia de la familia; burguesía; flamenco; Países Bajos; Holanda; siglo XVII; Coques; Royal Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/familia-historia-de-la-familia-burguesia-flamenco-paises-bajos-holanda-siglo-xvii-coques-royal-collection/)
- [Campesinado; posada; ganadería; invierno; lecheras; ganado; lechera; utensilios; Rubens; siglo XVII; Royal Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/campesinado-posada-ganaderia-invierno-lecheras-ganado-lechera-utensilios-rubens-siglo-xvii-royal-collection/)
- [Costumbres; fiesta; San Jorge; baile; diversión; bebida; comida; fiesta popular; Teniers; siglo XVII; Royal Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-fiesta-san-jorge-baile-diversion-bebida-comida-fiesta-popular-teniers-siglo-xvii-royal-collection/)
- [Paisajismo; Italia; campesinado; ganadería; Berchem; siglo XVII; pastoreo; transhumancia; Royal Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/paisajismo-italia-campesinado-ganaderia-berchem-siglo-xvii-pastoreo-transhumancia-royal-collection/)
- [Costumbre; música; formación; Holanda; Veermer; laud; interior; mujer; Veermer; siglo XVII; Metropolitan Museum](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbre-musica-formacion-holanda-veermer-laud-interior-mujer-veermer-siglo-xvii-metropolitan-museum/)
- [Costumbre; música; formación; Holanda; Veermer; lección; interrupción; Veermer; Frick Gallery; New York; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbre-musica-formacion-holanda-veermer-leccion-interrupcion-veermer-frick-gallery-new-york-siglo-xvii/)
- [Mapas; Planos; Cartografía; Geografía; Ciudades; Cristóbal de Medina; Mapas históricos; Siglo XVIII; Época Moderna; Málaga; 1782](https://historylab.es/tag/mapas-planos-cartografia-geografia-ciudades-cristobal-de-medina-mapas-historicos-siglo-xviii-epoca-moderna-malaga-1782/)
- [Pinturas; Obras de Arte; Alegorías; Tulipanes; Tejedores; Simbolismo; Crisis; Tulipomanía; Haarlem; Siglo XVII; Países Bajos; Historia Cultural](https://historylab.es/tag/pinturas-obras-de-arte-alegorias-tulipanes-tejedores-simbolismo-crisis-tulipomania-haarlem-siglo-xvii-paises-bajos-historia-cultural/)
- [Costumbres; música; formación; Holanda; Veermer; flirteo; siglo XVII; virginal; Leiden Collection](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-musica-formacion-holanda-veermer-flirteo-siglo-xvii-virginal-leiden-collection/)
- [Costumbres; gastronomía; Veermer; Holanda; lechera; leche; criada; cocina; siglo XVII; Rijksmuseum;](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-gastronomia-veermer-holanda-lechera-leche-criada-cocina-siglo-xvii-rijksmuseum/)
- [Costumbre; ciencia; lección; anatomía; disección; músculo; Dr. Tulp; Mauritshuis Museum; siglo XVII; Rembrandt](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbre-ciencia-leccion-anatomia-diseccion-musculo-dr-tulp-mauritshuis-museum-siglo-xvii-rembrandt/)
- [Costumbre; militar; ronda; vigilancia; arcabuceros; capitán; Rijksmuseum; Rembrandt; siglo XVII](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbre-militar-ronda-vigilancia-arcabuceros-capitan-rijksmuseum-rembrandt-siglo-xvii/)
- [Síndico; gremio; pañeros; artesanos; Holanda; comercio; Rembrandt; siglo XVII; Rijksmuseum](https://historylab.es/tag/sindico-gremio-paneros-artesanos-holanda-comercio-rembrandt-siglo-xvii-rijksmuseum/)
- [Historia; política; historia política; guerra; treinta; años; guerra de los treinta años; Münster; paz; siglo XVII; guerra de los treinta años; Borch; Rijksmuseum;](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-politica-historia-politica-guerra-treinta-anos-guerra-de-los-treinta-anos-munster-paz-siglo-xvii-guerra-de-los-treinta-anos-borch-rijksmuseum/)
- [Entrada; duque de Anjou; duque; Anjou; Felipe II; rebeldía; Países Bajos; siglo XVI; Amberes; Rijksmuseum](https://historylab.es/tag/entrada-duque-de-anjou-duque-anjou-felipe-ii-rebeldia-paises-bajos-siglo-xvi-amberes-rijksmuseum/)
- [Asamblea; Guerra; Monarquía Hispánica; bandera; banderas; salón; Orange; Guillermo II; siglo XVII; Rijksmuseum](https://historylab.es/tag/asamblea-guerra-monarquia-hispanica-bandera-banderas-salon-orange-guillermo-ii-siglo-xvii-rijksmuseum/)
- [Luis XIV; Países Bajos; guerra; Francia; siglo XVII; rey sol; invasión; Rijksmuseum; siglo XVII; van der Meulen](https://historylab.es/tag/luis-xiv-paises-bajos-guerra-francia-siglo-xvii-rey-sol-invasion-rijksmuseum-siglo-xvii-van-der-meulen/)
- [Leiden; hambre; guerra; sitio; Guerra de los Ochenta Años; Monarquía Hispánica; Provincias Rebeldes; Francisco de Valdés; pan; arenques](https://historylab.es/tag/leiden-hambre-guerra-sitio-guerra-de-los-ochenta-anos-monarquia-hispanica-provincias-rebeldes-francisco-de-valdes-pan-arenques/)
- [Costumbres populares; diversión; baile; burdel; danza; huevo; tiza; cuenco; suelo; objetos; siglo XVI; Rijksmuseum; Aersten](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-diversion-baile-burdel-danza-huevo-tiza-cuenco-suelo-objetos-siglo-xvi-rijksmuseum-aersten/)
- [Costumbres populares; mujer; higiene; salud; dormir; baño; Rijksmuseum; siglo XVII; Havicksz](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-mujer-higiene-salud-dormir-bano-rijksmuseum-siglo-xvii-havicksz/)
- [Fiesta; costumbre; príncipe; nacimiento; festejo; estoque; jarra; interior; taberna; Guillermo II de Nasau; Rijksmuseum; siglo XVII; Steen](https://historylab.es/tag/fiesta-costumbre-principe-nacimiento-festejo-estoque-jarra-interior-taberna-guillermo-ii-de-nasau-rijksmuseum-siglo-xvii-steen/)
- [Napoleón; Waterloo; derrota; Wellington; Prusia; emperador; guardia francesa; guardia británica; Rijksmuseum; siglo XVII; Pieneman](https://historylab.es/tag/napoleon-waterloo-derrota-wellington-prusia-emperador-guardia-francesa-guardia-britanica-rijksmuseum-siglo-xvii-pieneman/)
- [Costumbres populares; madre; piojo; hijo; peinar; Mauritshuis; siglo XVII; Borch](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-madre-piojo-hijo-peinar-mauritshuis-siglo-xvii-borch/)
- [Mensaje; soldado; mensajero; guerra; costumbrismo; Mauritshuis; siglo XVII; Borch](https://historylab.es/tag/mensaje-soldado-mensajero-guerra-costumbrismo-mauritshuis-siglo-xvii-borch/)
- [Mateo Gilarte](https://historylab.es/tag/mateo-gilarte/)
- [Pintura religiosa](https://historylab.es/tag/pintura-religiosa/)
- [Vida de la Virgen](https://historylab.es/tag/vida-de-la-virgen/)
- [Costumbres populares; diversión; fiesta; holanda; frijol; bollo; horneado; Kuntsthistoriches; siglo XVII; Jordaens](https://historylab.es/tag/costumbres-populares-diversion-fiesta-holanda-frijol-bollo-horneado-kuntsthistoriches-siglo-xvii-jordaens/)
- [Boda; campestre; celebración; banquete; flamenco; matrimonio; fiesta; gastronomía; Kuntsthistoriches; siglo XVI; Brueghel;](https://historylab.es/tag/boda-campestre-celebracion-banquete-flamenco-matrimonio-fiesta-gastronomia-kuntsthistoriches-siglo-xvi-brueghel/)
- [Mundo; revés; interior; diversión; fiesta; irreal; Kunsthistoriches; Steen; siglo XVII; hombre; mujer; interior; música; diversión](https://historylab.es/tag/mundo-reves-interior-diversion-fiesta-irreal-kunsthistoriches-steen-siglo-xvii-hombre-mujer-interior-musica-diversion/)
- [Carlos V; Túnez; campaña; emperador; cartón; tapiz; La Goleta; Kuntsthistoriches; siglo XVI; Vermeyen; carboncillo; acuarela; papel](https://historylab.es/tag/carlos-v-tunez-campana-emperador-carton-tapiz-la-goleta-kuntsthistoriches-siglo-xvi-vermeyen-carboncillo-acuarela-papel/)
- [Diversiones; costumbres; juegos; infantiles; juegos infantiles; procesión; hoguera; pared; Kunsthistoriches; Brueghel; siglo XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/diversiones-costumbres-juegos-infantiles-juegos-infantiles-procesion-hoguera-pared-kunsthistoriches-brueghel-siglo-xvi/)
- [Danza; campesina; danza campesina; costumbre; diversión; fiesta; alegría; gaita; Kunsthistorische; Brueghel; viejo; siglo XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/danza-campesina-danza-campesina-costumbre-diversion-fiesta-alegria-gaita-kunsthistorische-brueghel-viejo-siglo-xvi/)
- [Guerra Treinta Años; guerra; monarquía hispánica; tercios; Felipe III; Fernando II; siglo XVII; Snayers; Kunsthistoriches;](https://historylab.es/tag/guerra-treinta-anos-guerra-monarquia-hispanica-tercios-felipe-iii-fernando-ii-siglo-xvii-snayers-kunsthistoriches/)
- [El Greco](https://historylab.es/tag/el-greco/)
- [Van Dyck](https://historylab.es/tag/van-dyck/)
- [Colección real](https://historylab.es/tag/coleccion-real/)
- [Madrazo](https://historylab.es/tag/madrazo/)
- [Correggio](https://historylab.es/tag/correggio/)
- [Filosofía](https://historylab.es/tag/filosofia/)
- [Topografía](https://historylab.es/tag/topografia/)
- [Felipe II; Tiziano; pintura; ofrecimiento; infante; Fernando; Lepanto; victoria; Museo del Prado; siglo XVI](https://historylab.es/tag/felipe-ii-tiziano-pintura-ofrecimiento-infante-fernando-lepanto-victoria-museo-del-prado-siglo-xvi/)
- [Felipe IV; Fraga; Velázquez; Jornada de Aragón; Barroco; toisón; bastón de mando; Lérida; siglo XVII; Frick Gallery; New York](https://historylab.es/tag/felipe-iv-fraga-velazquez-jornada-de-aragon-barroco-toison-baston-de-mando-lerida-siglo-xvii-frick-gallery-new-york/)
- [Tomas Moro; pintura; Hans; Holbein; Hans Holbein; Erasmo; Rotterdam; siglo XVI; Frick Gallery](https://historylab.es/tag/tomas-moro-pintura-hans-holbein-hans-holbein-erasmo-rotterdam-siglo-xvi-frick-gallery/)
- [Vermeer](https://historylab.es/tag/vermeer/)
- [Arcimboldo](https://historylab.es/tag/arcimboldo/)
- [Zurbarán](https://historylab.es/tag/zurbaran/)
- [Heráldica](https://historylab.es/tag/heraldica/)
- [Expolio](https://historylab.es/tag/expolio/)
- [Mulatos; Esmeraldas; Ecuador; pintura; Felipe III; Juan del Barrio; cacique; caciquismo; Museo de América; siglo XVII;](https://historylab.es/tag/mulatos-esmeraldas-ecuador-pintura-felipe-iii-juan-del-barrio-cacique-caciquismo-museo-de-america-siglo-xvii/)
- [Retrato; ilustración; Francisco Antonio de Larrea; élite de poder; siglo XVIII; José de Páez; gobernador; Oaxaca; Museo de América; siglo XVIII](https://historylab.es/tag/retrato-ilustracion-francisco-antonio-de-larrea-elite-de-poder-siglo-xviii-jose-de-paez-gobernador-oaxaca-museo-de-america-siglo-xviii/)
- [Representación social; Audiencia de Quito; Vicente Albán; descubrimientos; América; Museo de América; siglo XVIII](https://historylab.es/tag/representacion-social-audiencia-de-quito-vicente-alban-descubrimientos-america-museo-de-america-siglo-xviii/)
- [Virrey; Morcillo; entrada; corridas de toros; mascaradas; Potosí; fiesta; celebración; Museo de América; siglo XVIII](https://historylab.es/tag/virrey-morcillo-entrada-corridas-de-toros-mascaradas-potosi-fiesta-celebracion-museo-de-america-siglo-xviii/)
- [Castas; mestizaje; pintura; Miguel Cabrera; Ilustración; Museo de América; América; siglo XVIII; mestizaje](https://historylab.es/tag/castas-mestizaje-pintura-miguel-cabrera-ilustracion-museo-de-america-america-siglo-xviii-mestizaje/)
- [Orihuela](https://historylab.es/tag/orihuela/)
- [Arqueología](https://historylab.es/tag/arqueologia/)
- [Historia social de la educación](https://historylab.es/tag/historia-social-de-la-educacion/)
- [Maestros](https://historylab.es/tag/maestros/)
- [Educación rural](https://historylab.es/tag/educacion-rural/)
- [Escuelas rurales](https://historylab.es/tag/escuelas-rurales/)
- [Islam](https://historylab.es/tag/islam/)
- [Defensa costera](https://historylab.es/tag/defensa-costera/)
- [Monasterios](https://historylab.es/tag/monasterios/)
- [Casa de Contratación](https://historylab.es/tag/casa-de-contratacion/)
- [Genealogía](https://historylab.es/tag/genealogia/)
- [Expedición](https://historylab.es/tag/expedicion/)
- [Bergantín](https://historylab.es/tag/bergantin/)
- [Churruca](https://historylab.es/tag/churruca/)
- [Atlas](https://historylab.es/tag/atlas/)
- [Embajador](https://historylab.es/tag/embajador/)
- [afrancesados](https://historylab.es/tag/afrancesados/)
- [méritos](https://historylab.es/tag/meritos/)
- [correspondencia](https://historylab.es/tag/correspondencia/)
- [tratados](https://historylab.es/tag/tratados/)
- [Venezuela](https://historylab.es/tag/venezuela/)
- [Península Ibérica](https://historylab.es/tag/peninsula-iberica/)
- [pleito](https://historylab.es/tag/pleito/)
- [Mesta](https://historylab.es/tag/mesta/)
- [Ganado](https://historylab.es/tag/ganado/)
- [Pastores](https://historylab.es/tag/pastores/)
- [Ganaderos](https://historylab.es/tag/ganaderos/)
- [Ovejas](https://historylab.es/tag/ovejas/)
- [Real Provisión](https://historylab.es/tag/real-provision/)
- [Conversión](https://historylab.es/tag/conversion/)
- [Levantamiento](https://historylab.es/tag/levantamiento/)
- [Infantería](https://historylab.es/tag/infanteria/)
- [Biblioteca Nacional de España](https://historylab.es/tag/biblioteca-nacional-de-espana/)
- [Libros](https://historylab.es/tag/libros/)
- [Libre comercio](https://historylab.es/tag/libre-comercio/)
- [Terranova](https://historylab.es/tag/terranova/)
- [Leyes](https://historylab.es/tag/leyes/)
- [Cédula](https://historylab.es/tag/cedula/)
- [Sublevación](https://historylab.es/tag/sublevacion/)
- [China](https://historylab.es/tag/china/)
- [Villa](https://historylab.es/tag/villa/)
- [Contrato](https://historylab.es/tag/contrato/)
- [Hoja de servicios](https://historylab.es/tag/hoja-de-servicios/)
- [Empleos](https://historylab.es/tag/empleos/)
- [Cargos](https://historylab.es/tag/cargos/)
- [Contiendas](https://historylab.es/tag/contiendas/)
- [Regimientos](https://historylab.es/tag/regimientos/)
- [Certificaciones](https://historylab.es/tag/certificaciones/)
- [Miguel Francisco de Bañuelos Cabeza de Vaca](https://historylab.es/tag/miguel-francisco-de-banuelos-cabeza-de-vaca/)
- [Presbítero](https://historylab.es/tag/presbitero/)
- [Abogado](https://historylab.es/tag/abogado/)
- [Sala del Crimen](https://historylab.es/tag/sala-del-crimen/)
- [Bachiller](https://historylab.es/tag/bachiller/)
- [Rectores](https://historylab.es/tag/rectores/)
- [Opositores](https://historylab.es/tag/opositores/)
- [Cánones](https://historylab.es/tag/canones/)
- [El Quijote](https://historylab.es/tag/el-quijote/)
- [Lope de Vega](https://historylab.es/tag/lope-de-vega/)
- [Costa](https://historylab.es/tag/costa/)
- [José Bonaparte](https://historylab.es/tag/jose-bonaparte/)
- [Capitán](https://historylab.es/tag/capitan/)
- [Dragones](https://historylab.es/tag/dragones/)
- [Abad](https://historylab.es/tag/abad/)
- [Casa de Contratación de Sevilla](https://historylab.es/tag/casa-de-contratacion-de-sevilla/)
- [Fuentes primarias](https://historylab.es/tag/fuentes-primarias/)
- [Decretos](https://historylab.es/tag/decretos/)
- [Consejo de Aragón](https://historylab.es/tag/consejo-de-aragon/)
- [Consejo de Castilla](https://historylab.es/tag/consejo-de-castilla/)
- [Clima](https://historylab.es/tag/clima/)
- [1716](https://historylab.es/tag/1716/)
- [rchivos municipales](https://historylab.es/tag/rchivos-municipales/)
- [Cuadros clasificación](https://historylab.es/tag/cuadros-clasificacion/)
- [Documentos](https://historylab.es/tag/documentos/)
- [Fondos documentales](https://historylab.es/tag/fondos-documentales/)
- [Inventarios](https://historylab.es/tag/inventarios/)
- [Austria](https://historylab.es/tag/austria/)
- [Publicaciones](https://historylab.es/tag/publicaciones/)
- [Edición de libros](https://historylab.es/tag/edicion-de-libros/)
- [Arte retórica](https://historylab.es/tag/arte-retorica/)
- [Arte gramática](https://historylab.es/tag/arte-gramatica/)
- [Licencias](https://historylab.es/tag/licencias/)
- [Permisos](https://historylab.es/tag/permisos/)
- [Codicilos](https://historylab.es/tag/codicilos/)
- [Mayorazgo](https://historylab.es/tag/mayorazgo/)
- [Alferez Mayor](https://historylab.es/tag/alferez-mayor/)
- [Alguacil Mayor](https://historylab.es/tag/alguacil-mayor/)
- [Bastardos](https://historylab.es/tag/bastardos/)
- [Endeudamiento](https://historylab.es/tag/endeudamiento/)
- [Zonas de montaña](https://historylab.es/tag/zonas-de-montana/)
- [Huéscar](https://historylab.es/tag/huescar/)
- [Capitulaciones matrimoniales](https://historylab.es/tag/capitulaciones-matrimoniales/)
- [1624](https://historylab.es/tag/1624/)
- [Inventario de bienes](https://historylab.es/tag/inventario-de-bienes/)
- [Viñas](https://historylab.es/tag/vinas/)
- [Regadío](https://historylab.es/tag/regadio/)
- [Molinos harineros](https://historylab.es/tag/molinos-harineros/)
- [Cortijos](https://historylab.es/tag/cortijos/)
- [Casas de campo](https://historylab.es/tag/casas-de-campo/)
- [Asociación](https://historylab.es/tag/asociacion/)
- [Religiosidad Barroca](https://historylab.es/tag/religiosidad-barroca/)
- [Hermandades](https://historylab.es/tag/hermandades/)
- [Ociosidad](https://historylab.es/tag/ociosidad/)
- [Festividad](https://historylab.es/tag/festividad/)
- [Barroquismo](https://historylab.es/tag/barroquismo/)
- [Legislación](https://historylab.es/tag/legislacion/)
- [1687](https://historylab.es/tag/1687/)
- [Cristianización](https://historylab.es/tag/cristianizacion/)
- [1491](https://historylab.es/tag/1491/)
- [Carta de privilegio](https://historylab.es/tag/carta-de-privilegio/)
- [Concesiones](https://historylab.es/tag/concesiones/)
- [Juana de Austria](https://historylab.es/tag/juana-de-austria/)
- [Isabel de Portugal](https://historylab.es/tag/isabel-de-portugal/)
- [Torres de la Alameda](https://historylab.es/tag/torres-de-la-alameda/)
- [Alcalá de Henares](https://historylab.es/tag/alcala-de-henares/)
- [1555](https://historylab.es/tag/1555/)
- [Libros de Matrícula](https://historylab.es/tag/libros-de-matricula/)
- [Censos de habitantes](https://historylab.es/tag/censos-de-habitantes/)
- [Gramática](https://historylab.es/tag/gramatica/)
- [Lengua](https://historylab.es/tag/lengua/)
- [Léxico](https://historylab.es/tag/lexico/)
- [Sintáxis](https://historylab.es/tag/sintaxis/)
- [Dicción](https://historylab.es/tag/diccion/)
- [Palabras](https://historylab.es/tag/palabras/)
- [Prosodia](https://historylab.es/tag/prosodia/)
- [Etimología](https://historylab.es/tag/etimologia/)
- [Arzobispo de Toledo](https://historylab.es/tag/arzobispo-de-toledo/)
- [Francisco de Lorenzana](https://historylab.es/tag/francisco-de-lorenzana/)
- [1786](https://historylab.es/tag/1786/)
- [Patronato](https://historylab.es/tag/patronato/)
- [Patronato de legos](https://historylab.es/tag/patronato-de-legos/)
- [Espiritualidad](https://historylab.es/tag/espiritualidad/)
- [Sobrinos](https://historylab.es/tag/sobrinos/)
- [Huérfanos](https://historylab.es/tag/huerfanos/)
- [Mercader](https://historylab.es/tag/mercader/)
- [Economía familiar](https://historylab.es/tag/economia-familiar/)
- [1753](https://historylab.es/tag/1753/)
- [Maestro de carpinteria](https://historylab.es/tag/maestro-de-carpinteria/)
- [Carpintero](https://historylab.es/tag/carpintero/)
- [Criados de servicio](https://historylab.es/tag/criados-de-servicio/)
- [Criados de labor](https://historylab.es/tag/criados-de-labor/)
- [Libros de bautismo](https://historylab.es/tag/libros-de-bautismo/)
- [Personajes ilustres](https://historylab.es/tag/personajes-ilustres/)
- [Marqués de Molins](https://historylab.es/tag/marques-de-molins/)
- [Libros de defunción](https://historylab.es/tag/libros-de-defuncion/)
- [Trayectoria vital](https://historylab.es/tag/trayectoria-vital/)
- [Melchor de Macanaz](https://historylab.es/tag/melchor-de-macanaz/)
- [Hellín](https://historylab.es/tag/hellin/)
- [1760](https://historylab.es/tag/1760/)
- [Libro de matrimonio](https://historylab.es/tag/libro-de-matrimonio/)
- [Gremio de Comerciantes](https://historylab.es/tag/gremio-de-comerciantes/)
- [1503-1790](https://historylab.es/tag/1503-1790/)
- [Patronazgo rural](https://historylab.es/tag/patronazgo-rural/)
- [Abandono del hogar](https://historylab.es/tag/abandono-del-hogar/)
- [1778](https://historylab.es/tag/1778/)
- [Nietos](https://historylab.es/tag/nietos/)
- [Única Real Contribución](https://historylab.es/tag/unica-real-contribucion/)
- [Patronazgo](https://historylab.es/tag/patronazgo/)
- [1771](https://historylab.es/tag/1771/)
- [Artesando](https://historylab.es/tag/artesando/)
- [Honra](https://historylab.es/tag/honra/)
- [Oficios Públicos](https://historylab.es/tag/oficios-publicos/)
- [Alcabalas](https://historylab.es/tag/alcabalas/)
- [Usura](https://historylab.es/tag/usura/)
- [Examen](https://historylab.es/tag/examen/)
- [Transhumancia](https://historylab.es/tag/transhumancia/)
- [Yegua](https://historylab.es/tag/yegua/)
- [Chinchilla](https://historylab.es/tag/chinchilla/)
- [Virrey](https://historylab.es/tag/virrey/)
- [Fuentes secundarias](https://historylab.es/tag/fuentes-secundarias/)
- [Pensamiento ilustrado](https://historylab.es/tag/pensamiento-ilustrado/)
- [Agnación](https://historylab.es/tag/agnacion/)
- [Invasión Napoleónica](https://historylab.es/tag/invasion-napoleonica/)
- [Resistencias](https://historylab.es/tag/resistencias/)
- [Contrarrevolución](https://historylab.es/tag/contrarrevolucion/)
- [Miguel Bañuelos](https://historylab.es/tag/miguel-banuelos/)
- [Instrucción](https://historylab.es/tag/instruccion/)
- [Formación primaria](https://historylab.es/tag/formacion-primaria/)
- [XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/xix/)
- [Historiografía](https://historylab.es/tag/historiografia/)
- [Desmitificación](https://historylab.es/tag/desmitificacion/)
- [Secularización](https://historylab.es/tag/secularizacion/)
- [XX](https://historylab.es/tag/xx/)
- [Teoría económica](https://historylab.es/tag/teoria-economica/)
- [Sequías](https://historylab.es/tag/sequias/)
- [Rogativas](https://historylab.es/tag/rogativas/)
- [Amor](https://historylab.es/tag/amor/)
- [Guaraníes](https://historylab.es/tag/guaranies/)
- [Reducciones](https://historylab.es/tag/reducciones/)
- [Control de minorías](https://historylab.es/tag/control-de-minorias/)
- [Marqués de Pombal](https://historylab.es/tag/marques-de-pombal/)
- [Tiranicidio](https://historylab.es/tag/tiranicidio/)
- [Burguesía emergente](https://historylab.es/tag/burguesia-emergente/)
- [Opulencia social](https://historylab.es/tag/opulencia-social/)
- [Espacios de sociabilidad](https://historylab.es/tag/espacios-de-sociabilidad/)
- [Industrialización](https://historylab.es/tag/industrializacion/)
- [XVIII-XIX](https://historylab.es/tag/xviii-xix/)
- [Francisco Mariano Nipho](https://historylab.es/tag/francisco-mariano-nipho/)
- [Jordi Nadal](https://historylab.es/tag/jordi-nadal/)
- [Nicolás Sánchez Albornoz](https://historylab.es/tag/nicolas-sanchez-albornoz/)
- [Exilio](https://historylab.es/tag/exilio/)
- [Miseria](https://historylab.es/tag/miseria/)
- [Berberiscos](https://historylab.es/tag/berberiscos/)
- [Alpujarras](https://historylab.es/tag/alpujarras/)
- [Poder político](https://historylab.es/tag/poder-politico/)
- [Valimiento](https://historylab.es/tag/valimiento/)
- [Conversión forzosa](https://historylab.es/tag/conversion-forzosa/)
- [Bautizos](https://historylab.es/tag/bautizos/)
- [Luís Beltrán](https://historylab.es/tag/luis-beltran/)
- [Despoblación](https://historylab.es/tag/despoblacion/)
- [Ruina nobiliaria](https://historylab.es/tag/ruina-nobiliaria/)
- [Censales](https://historylab.es/tag/censales/)
- [Berwick](https://historylab.es/tag/berwick/)
- [Prelación](https://historylab.es/tag/prelacion/)
- [Hegemonía](https://historylab.es/tag/hegemonia/)
- [Secretaría del Despacho Universal](https://historylab.es/tag/secretaria-del-despacho-universal/)
- [Intrusismo](https://historylab.es/tag/intrusismo/)
- [Gandía](https://historylab.es/tag/gandia/)
- [Reclutamiento](https://historylab.es/tag/reclutamiento/)
- [Holandeses](https://historylab.es/tag/holandeses/)
- [Expansión mediterránea](https://historylab.es/tag/expansion-mediterranea/)
- [Malta](https://historylab.es/tag/malta/)
- [Asedio de Gibraltar](https://historylab.es/tag/asedio-de-gibraltar/)
- [Itúrbide](https://historylab.es/tag/iturbide/)
- [Miguel de Múzquiz y Goyeneche](https://historylab.es/tag/miguel-de-muzquiz-y-goyeneche/)
- [Orden público](https://historylab.es/tag/orden-publico/)
- [Judaizantes](https://historylab.es/tag/judaizantes/)
- [Lucero](https://historylab.es/tag/lucero/)
- [Perseucción religiosa](https://historylab.es/tag/perseuccion-religiosa/)
- [Obras Teatrales](https://historylab.es/tag/obras-teatrales/)
- [La Congregación de la Natividad](https://historylab.es/tag/la-congregacion-de-la-natividad/)
- [Congregaciones marianas](https://historylab.es/tag/congregaciones-marianas/)
- [Predicación](https://historylab.es/tag/predicacion/)
- [Expilsión](https://historylab.es/tag/expilsion/)
- [Fanatismo](https://historylab.es/tag/fanatismo/)
- [Tomás de Aquino](https://historylab.es/tag/tomas-de-aquino/)
- [Suma Teológica](https://historylab.es/tag/suma-teologica/)
- [XIII](https://historylab.es/tag/xiii/)
- [Escolástica](https://historylab.es/tag/escolastica/)
- [Anglófilos](https://historylab.es/tag/anglofilos/)
- [Francófilos](https://historylab.es/tag/francofilos/)
- [Órdenes](https://historylab.es/tag/ordenes/)
- [regulares](https://historylab.es/tag/regulares/)
- [Mm Le Prince de Beaumont](https://historylab.es/tag/mm-le-prince-de-beaumont/)
- [Pedagogía](https://historylab.es/tag/pedagogia/)
- [Condillac](https://historylab.es/tag/condillac/)
- [Fernando de Borbón](https://historylab.es/tag/fernando-de-borbon/)
- [Preceptores](https://historylab.es/tag/preceptores/)
- [Alexander de Jardine](https://historylab.es/tag/alexander-de-jardine/)
- [Concordias](https://historylab.es/tag/concordias/)
- [Anna](https://historylab.es/tag/anna/)
- [Bayona](https://historylab.es/tag/bayona/)
- [Carta de Bayona](https://historylab.es/tag/carta-de-bayona/)
- [Padre Manuel Luengo](https://historylab.es/tag/padre-manuel-luengo/)
- [Orfandad](https://historylab.es/tag/orfandad/)
- [Menores](https://historylab.es/tag/menores/)
- [Pulilos](https://historylab.es/tag/pulilos/)
- [Administradores](https://historylab.es/tag/administradores/)
- [Josep de Mora i Cata](https://historylab.es/tag/josep-de-mora-i-cata/)
- [Patria](https://historylab.es/tag/patria/)
- [Martirio](https://historylab.es/tag/martirio/)
- [Juan de Palafox](https://historylab.es/tag/juan-de-palafox/)
- [Xátiva](https://historylab.es/tag/xativa/)
- [Destrucción](https://historylab.es/tag/destruccion/)
- [Pillaje](https://historylab.es/tag/pillaje/)
- [Hacienda](https://historylab.es/tag/hacienda/)
- [Poder temporal](https://historylab.es/tag/poder-temporal/)
- [Poder espiritual](https://historylab.es/tag/poder-espiritual/)
- [Gaspar Cebrián](https://historylab.es/tag/gaspar-cebrian/)

## Colecciones

- [Graphics](https://historylab.es/coleccion/graphics/)
- [Images](https://historylab.es/coleccion/images/)
- [Multimedia](https://historylab.es/coleccion/multimedia/)
- [Aplications](https://historylab.es/coleccion/aplications/)
- [Statistics](https://historylab.es/coleccion/statistics/)
- [Texts](https://historylab.es/coleccion/texts/)
- [Aplicaciones](https://historylab.es/coleccion/aplications/)
- [Estadísticas](https://historylab.es/coleccion/statistics/)
- [Gráficos](https://historylab.es/coleccion/graphics/)
- [Imágenes](https://historylab.es/coleccion/images/)
- [Multimedia](https://historylab.es/coleccion/multimedia/)
- [Textos](https://historylab.es/coleccion/texts/)

## Projects

- [0. What is Europe? The European Spaces in the history of Europe.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/0-what-is-europe-the-european-spaces-in-the-history-of-europe/)
- [2. Social and economic impact of technological revolutions in Europe.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/2-social-and-economic-impact-of-technological-revolutions-in-europe/)
- [3. Rural world and urban world in the formation of the European identity.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/3-rural-world-and-urban-world-in-the-formation-of-the-european-identity/)
- [4. Family, daily life and social inequality in Europe.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/4-family-daily-life-and-social-inequality-in-europe/)
- [5. Power and powers in the history of Europe: oligarchies, political participation and democracy.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/5-power-and-powers-in-the-history-of-europe-oligarchies-political-participation-and-democracy/)
- [6. Under a cloak of terror: violence and armed conflict in Europe.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/6-under-a-cloak-of-terror-violence-and-armed-conflict-in-europe/)
- [7. Persecuted by justice and powers: rebels, political dissidents and criminals in the history of Europe.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/7-persecuted-by-justice-and-powers-rebels-political-dissidents-and-criminals-in-the-history-of-europe/)
- [8. Women and the change for gender equality in Europe.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/8-women-and-the-change-for-gender-equality-in-europe/)
- [10. Churches and religions in Europe.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/10-churches-and-religions-in-europe/)
- [11. Science and culture as representation in Europe.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/11-science-and-culture-as-representation-in-europe/)
- [9. Travels and travelers: economic, social and cultural connections.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/9-travels-and-travelers-economic-social-and-cultural-connections/)
- [1. The European Spaces: Landscapes, economic inequality and environmental impact in the history of Europe.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/1-the-european-spaces-landscapes-economic-inequality-and-environmental-impact-in-the-history-of-europe/)
- [9. Viajes y viajeros: conexiones económicas, sociales y culturales.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/9-travels-and-travelers-economic-social-and-cultural-connections/)
- [0. ¿Qué es Europa? Los Espacios Europeos en la historia de Europa.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/0-what-is-europe-the-european-spaces-in-the-history-of-europe/)
- [3. Mundo rural y mundo urbano en la formación de la identidad europea.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/3-rural-world-and-urban-world-in-the-formation-of-the-european-identity/)
- [4. Familia, vida cotidiana y desigualdad social en Europa.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/4-family-daily-life-and-social-inequality-in-europe/)
- [5. El sistema y el poder en la historia de Europa: oligarquías, participación política y democracia.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/5-power-and-powers-in-the-history-of-europe-oligarchies-political-participation-and-democracy/)
- [10. Iglesias y religiones en Europa.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/10-churches-and-religions-in-europe/)
- [11. La ciencia y la cultura como representación en Europa.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/11-science-and-culture-as-representation-in-europe/)
- [6. Bajo un manto de terror: violencia y conflicto armado en Europa.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/6-under-a-cloak-of-terror-violence-and-armed-conflict-in-europe/)
- [7. Perseguidos por la justicia y el poder: rebeldes, disidentes políticos y criminales en la historia de Europa.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/7-persecuted-by-justice-and-powers-rebels-political-dissidents-and-criminals-in-the-history-of-europe/)
- [8. Las mujeres y el cambio por la igualdad de género en Europa.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/8-women-and-the-change-for-gender-equality-in-europe/)
- [2. Impacto social y económico de las revoluciones tecnológicas en Europa.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/2-social-and-economic-impact-of-technological-revolutions-in-europe/)
- [1. Los Espacios Europeos: Paisajes, desigualdad económica e impacto ambiental en la historia de Europa.](https://historylab.es/projects-collections/1-the-european-spaces-landscapes-economic-inequality-and-environmental-impact-in-the-history-of-europe/)