1771 - History Lab

Declaration of assets of a servant page in Toledo in 1771

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:23 +0000

Document reflecting the situation of a page servant. The declaration is part of those made by the only Royal Tax; it was the responses to the Cadastre of the Marquis de la Ensenada that the monarch ordered to be made in order to take stock of the socio-economic situation of his Kingdom. In this case, he is a servant in the house of Don Nicolás Juan Paniagua, for which he is paid 3 reales a day. He also declares that he lives in his house with his wife, his mother-in-law and a neighbour from Toledo.

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Declaration of assets of a company servant in Toledo, 1771

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:23 +0000

The declaration of the servant, Nicasio Cortés, aged 55 and husband of Josefa de Santa, aged 77, in which he states that he is not employed despite working in the house of Águeda Cepeda. He considers that this work, as he does not receive remuneration, does not count as real employment. In the same way, he states that both he and his wife subsist thanks to the wages earned by their son, Tomás Cortés, at the Royal Sword Factory. Why is Nicaso not paid as a servant? Although it is true that his work consisted of keeping company, the objective he could have pursued was to obtain a benefit of material goods after the death of the owner, who for reasons of affection could leave them some belongings as an inheritance.

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Statement by a servant about the hardships his family is going through. Toledo, 1771

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:23 +0000

The text shows how Francisco Garrido, 56 years old and married to Francisca Díaz, 48 years old, had three children. The first of them was 28 years old, single and worked serving in the house of Juan Gutiérrez; the second was 16 years old and lived with his uncle Esteban Díaz as he could not support him; the third and last was a 14 year old girl who was admitted to the General Hospital in Madrid. The family’s delicate situation meant that the wife worked in different houses washing clothes, although her wages were very low, while the husband tried to earn a living as a servant in a shop.

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