Ávila - History Lab https://historylab.es Fri, 20 May 2022 07:59:48 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.0 https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cropped-icono-historylab-32x32.jpg Ávila - History Lab https://historylab.es 32 32 Distribution of foreign textiles through the port of Bilbao between 1710-1714 https://historylab.es/distribution-of-foreign-textiles-through-the-port-of-bilbao-between-1710-1714/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=distribution-of-foreign-textiles-through-the-port-of-bilbao-between-1710-1714 Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:12 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/distribucion-de-textiles-extranjeros-a-traves-del-puerto-de-bilbao-entre-1710-1714/ Map of the distribution of the foreign fabric in Castile during the context of the War of Succession to the Spanish throne. Casuistry that had an impact on lower demand

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]]> The resource deals with the distribution of foreign fabrics imported from the port of Bilbao during 1710 and 1714, the years in which the War of the Spanish Succession took place. Fabrics destined for Madrid and Toledo paid customs duties in Valmaseda, Orduña, while those bound for the Cantabrian mountain range did so in Vitoria. Taxes were directly proportional to the quality of the fabric: the higher the quality, the higher the tax. From the port of Bilbao they were distributed to wide areas of the peninsular monarchy: the Upper Ebro Valley, the Duero Valley, the Iberian System, Logroño, Soria and Toledo as its extreme points. Where did most of the textiles come from? In the years prior to the war, Holland and England were the two largest exporters (90% of the linen came from Holland). The Royal Order of 3 December 1710 prohibited the importation of Dutch fabrics, thus favouring the British. In the distribution network, Madrid, Toledo, Segovia and Valladolid were the provinces with the highest import ratio, followed by Ávila, Burgos, Palencia, Soria and Logroño. The authors warn us that, due to the war situation, the distribution could have altered with respect to previous years. The Royal Treasury tried to reduce some costs by suspending the payment of pensions, subsidies and other benefits, or by delaying the payment of bureaucratic salaries; this meant that certain privileged groups saw their incomes reduced. At the same time, in Castilian territory, the tax burden on the population was increased. The high taxes and reduced purchasing power led to a lower demand for foreign fabrics.

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]]> El Tostado Tomb https://historylab.es/el-tostado-tomb/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=el-tostado-tomb Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:03 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/sepulcro-del-tostado/ Power elites, Cultural history

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]]> Vasco de la Zarza, a preeminent sculptor from Avila, made this alabaster tomb of the bishop and scholar Alonso Fernández de Madrigal, nicknamed El Tostado. It is located in the back of Avila Cathedral. It is one of the finest examples of Spanish Renaissance funerary sculpture

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]]> Taxation of Christians and Moriscos in Ávila (1503-1610) https://historylab.es/taxation-of-christians-and-moriscos-in-avila-1503-1610/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=taxation-of-christians-and-moriscos-in-avila-1503-1610 Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:25 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/gravamen-fiscal-de-cristianos-y-moriscos-en-avila-1503-1610/ The table shows the taxation of Old Christians and Moriscos in Ávila (1503-1610)

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]]> In Ávila there are documents that confirm the existence of Mudejars as early as the end of the 12th century, with up to three aljamas in the 15th century. This Moorish minority was the second highest paying minority in the whole of the Crown of Castile after the town of Hornachos in Badajoz. To this situation must be added the tension caused by the long war in Granada at the end of the 15th century, giving the constant feeling that this population was permanently in enemy territory, and even more so after the forced conversion of 1502.
However, this adverse situation, although it led to the emigration of many of them, allowed them to arrive at the beginning of the 16th century, making up 10% of the city’s population, mainly employed in trade and metalwork. Thanks to the information contained in the resource, it can be seen that the Moriscos paid a much higher per capita tax than the Old Christians, mainly because after their conversion they ceased to have a tax regime similar to that of the Old Christians and added several extra burdens that they had to face.

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]]> Level of literacy in Avila during the 16th century https://historylab.es/level-of-literacy-in-avila-during-the-16th-century/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=level-of-literacy-in-avila-during-the-16th-century Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:25 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/nivel-de-alfabetizacion-en-avila-durante-el-siglo-xvi/ Table showing the level of literacy in Avila by gender and period between 1503 and 1603

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]]> One question that has been receiving the necessary attention in recent years is the extent to which people did or did not know how to sign in the Castilian Renaissance period, especially through notarial deeds and the presence (or not) of the rubric at the end of the document in question. A chronological analysis of the rate of men who knew how to sign in Ávila shows a large increase from the beginning of the 16th century to 1528, from 47.9% in 1503 to 58.6% in 1528. From then on, the percentage level remained more or less stable until 1603. Women, on the other hand, show a lower level of literacy than men, with only 6.3% of those who appear in the sources in 1503 being able to sign, ending the century with 14.5% in 1603 and with only an upturn in 1553 with 38.9%, which may be due to the characteristics of this century, showing a lower rate of women who did not know how to sign their documents.

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