Barco - History Lab

Origins of cotton imported into Spain, 1781-1796 (in pounds)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:57 +0000

The growth of Spanish trade through the American trade at the end of the 18th century played an important role in the beginnings of the Catalan cotton industry. Two of the main peninsular points of entry and re-export of the American goods were Barcelona and Cadiz, with the latter enclave assuming a predominant position between 1760 and 1770, as in 1790 the city of Cadiz took the lead until 1796. The details of the ports of origin of the cotton delivered later are listed in the approvals of the free trade regulations. In this sense, the extension of the Hispanic Monarchy provided the possibility of taking advantage of the resources of two civilisations where cotton was one of the dominant textile fibres. In the American space, within the supply zone, there were some important variations in terms of suppliers. Havana enjoyed a brief hegemony until the mid-1780s. However, this region for which there is little evidence of cotton growth on the island served primarily as an entrepôt for trade, a role strengthened during the American War of Independence in the late 18th century. Cotton was imported from the viceroyalty of La Plata at this early stage. In contrast, Vera Cruz and Cartagena were also important suppliers and from 1790 the ports of Callao and Guayaquil in the Viceroyalty of Peru became regular suppliers. In 1796 a shift eastwards in supply was evident as new points emerged such as Maracaibo, Cumaná, Nueva Guayana and Trinidad.

The post Origins of cotton imported into Spain, 1781-1796 (in pounds) first appeared on History Lab.

Ships entering Barcelona carrying American cotton, 1781-1799 (in pounds)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:57 +0000

The growth of Spanish trade through the American trade at the end of the 18th century played an important role in the beginnings of the Catalan cotton industry. Two of the main points on the peninsula were the main points for the entry and re-export of American goods: Barcelona and Cadiz, with the latter enclave assuming a predominant position between 1760 and 1770, as in 1790 the city of Cadiz took the lead until 1796. The year 1787 is considered a year of commercial and industrial paralysis as Catalonia experienced an economic crisis, which had an impact on cotton imports. However, the recovery and leadership in cotton imports reached its peak in 1793 when Barcelona received a total of 27 ships with American cotton, as well as in 1784 and 1791, years in which several large shipments were received. On the other hand, the right-hand column shows the number of Catalan ships involved in importing American cotton. In this sense, the Catalan shippers established an autonomous stake in the colonial trade.

The post Ships entering Barcelona carrying American cotton, 1781-1799 (in pounds) first appeared on History Lab.

Exports of raw cotton from Spain (in pounds)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:57 +0000

The growth of Spanish trade through the American trade at the end of the 18th century played an important role in the beginnings of the Catalan cotton industry. Two of the main points on the peninsula were the main points of entry and re-export of American cotton: Barcelona and Cadiz, with the latter enclave assuming a predominant position between 1760 and 1770, as in 1790 the city of Cadiz took the lead until 1796. In that year, the development of the extent of the international trade in Spanish colonial cotton changed. The dimensions between 1792-1795 were captured in the trade balances of those years. This table shows how most of the cotton was destined for Great Britain, although France also held a significant share before the outbreak of war with Spain, in addition to the importance of Italy as a buyer, especially from 1796 onwards.

The post Exports of raw cotton from Spain (in pounds) first appeared on History Lab.

Anno 1503: The New World

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:27:29 +0000

The player starts the video game controlling a ship full of people and materials, which he has to use to find the right location to start building a town centre. Once created, he will have to make it grow urbanistically and economically, exploiting its surroundings, trading and maintaining relations with other towns.

The post Anno 1503: The New World first appeared on History Lab.