Curso de vida - History Lab https://historylab.es Fri, 20 May 2022 15:40:36 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.0 https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cropped-icono-historylab-32x32.jpg Curso de vida - History Lab https://historylab.es 32 32 The age of marriage of women in 18th century Spain. A regional overview https://historylab.es/the-age-of-marriage-of-women-in-18th-century-spain-a-regional-overview/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-age-of-marriage-of-women-in-18th-century-spain-a-regional-overview Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:36 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/la-edad-del-matrimonio-de-las-mujeres-en-la-espana-del-siglo-xviii-una-panoramica-regional/ Balance of the age of entry into marriage in the different regions of Spain showing a clear contrast between the north and the south

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]]> In 18th century Spain, women married on average at the age of 23 and men at the age of 25, as corroborated by the Floridablanca Census of 1787. These ages are lower than in Europe, where it was common for women to marry between 25 and 28 and men between 27 and 30. Even so, however, there was a tendency for first marriages to be later than in previous centuries. This trend, however, was not uniform, but seems to have followed a south/north-northwest upward direction, which confirms the existence of an unequal regional reality that we cannot fail to point out. According to Pérez Moreda (1988), in 1787 the first marriages of women in Extremadura were at 21.9 years of age, those in Andalusia at 22.3; those in Valencia at 22.7; those in Castilla La Nueva at 23.4; Castilla la Vieja, 23.7; León, 24.2; Galicia 25.3 and the Basque Country 26.1. Uneven behaviour for which it is not easy to find unicausal explanations. Rather, it is necessary to take into account a variety of factors that to a greater or lesser extent influence marital behaviour: living conditions, work possibilities, economic opportunities, the existence of complementary activities and levels of pluriactivity, the weight of migratory movements, the form of access to resources -and especially to the exploitation of land-, inheritance law, custom, inheritance practices, cultural aspects linked to the medieval past, the logic of family systems, social differences, marital strategies and other mechanisms of social reproduction.

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]]> Servants and the average age of women at marriage in the Crown of Castile in 1787 https://historylab.es/servants-and-the-average-age-of-women-at-marriage-in-the-crown-of-castile-in-1787/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=servants-and-the-average-age-of-women-at-marriage-in-the-crown-of-castile-in-1787 Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:36 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/criados-y-edad-media-de-la-mujer-al-matrimonio-en-la-corona-de-castilla-en-1787/ Contrasts between North and South Castilian between the number of servants and the age at which women enter into marriage

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]]> The graph shows that among men there was no direct connection between access to marriage and the abandonment of servant work. The three provinces with the highest number of servants (Madrid without the capital, Toledo and Albacete) show how the age of access to marriage is among the lowest in Castile, only surpassed by Ciudad Real, Extremadura, Andalusia and Murcia. The latter had the lowest percentage of servants; a fact that put it in line with the central and northern regions of the peninsula. Of all of them, Galicia, Asturias, León and Burgos stood out for having few servants and a high rate of marriage access (over 24 years of age). The demography, socio-economic structure and life cycles are reflected and differentiated geographically in this graph.

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]]> Life cycle and peasantry in the Sierra de Alcaraz (1753) https://historylab.es/ciclo-vital-y-campesinado-en-la-sierra-de-alcaraz-1753/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=ciclo-vital-y-campesinado-en-la-sierra-de-alcaraz-1753 Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:31 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/ciclo-vital-y-campesinado-en-la-sierra-de-alcaraz-1753/ Mobility and social reproduction of farmers and labourers according to their life cycle in the Sierra de Alcaraz (Albacete)

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]]> One of the most characteristic groups due to their mobility and social reproduction during the Modern Age were the labour and livestock labourers. The large number of this profession, together with that of labourer and farm labourer, marked the labour activities for young people up to 35 years of age in the Sierra de Alcaraz, a study area in central-southern Spain. Why did it increase so much up to that age? These activities were a good way to enter the world of work. Of the three dominant professional groups, from the age of 35 onwards, it was the young men who abandoned their work the most to seek another livelihood, normally sponsored by the clientele networks they had acquired in their old trade, while the day labourers and farm labourers remained relatively stable until the age of 45. This structure is influenced by the life cycles of the protagonists; the departure from the family nucleus, where many of the young men’s own tasks were carried out, led them to seek another form of independent life.

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]]> Distribution of servants according to age in some towns in the province of Albacete in the mid-18th century https://historylab.es/distribution-of-servants-according-to-age-in-some-towns-in-the-province-of-albacete-in-the-mid-18th-century/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=distribution-of-servants-according-to-age-in-some-towns-in-the-province-of-albacete-in-the-mid-18th-century Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:33 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/distribucion-de-los-criados-segun-su-edad-en-algunas-poblaciones-de-la-provincia-de-albacete-a-mediados-del-siglo-xviii/ Age bracket of the servants: their number, job specialisation and salary in some areas of Albacete

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]]> Within the province of Albacete, the majority of servants and servants were young (up to 25 years of age). After that age, their number decreased, although it was equally important (42.1% of the total). These data acquire significance if we take into account their life cycle. The Cadastre of the Marquis de la Ensenada for the town of Villarrobledo shows that of the 368 whose marital status is known, there were no married women; among the men, 31.5% were already married and 5% were widowed. Returning to age, the internal hierarchisation of work was related to the length of experience in the work performed: age. Thus, the work of young servants was secondary or subordinate; likewise, the pay was lower.

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]]> The history of women in the Prado Museum. Educational guide https://historylab.es/the-history-of-women-in-the-prado-museum-educational-guide/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-history-of-women-in-the-prado-museum-educational-guide Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:27:41 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/la-historia-de-las-mujeres-en-el-museo-del-prado-guia-didactica/ The Prado Museum's virtual didactic guide to the history of women in Modern Spain

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]]> According to the presentation made by the Museo del Prado itself, the Didactic Guide is based on the need to promote the association of museums and educational institutions to create joint strategies to overcome gender inequalities through a critical approach to the history and theories of art. The project is part of “Didactics 2.0 Museums in Feminine”, a project that is the result of joint work between a team from the Feminist Research Institute of the Complutense University of Madrid, the e-Women Association and the teams from the Museums participating in the project: Museo del Prado, Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Museo del Traje and Museo Nacional de Cerámica González Martí. The itineraries prepared by Antonia Fernández Valencia, Marián López Fernández Cao and Asunción Bernárdez Rodal address two basic themes: Women and power and Women’s jobs. According to these authors, although they are clearly related to each other, we can say that they have a profoundly complementary character from a social point of view, since the first one basically includes the works and biographies of women from royal and noble houses, while the second one, even including some examples of women from these groups due to their political activity, focuses essentially on the works of women from the middle and working classes. Both itineraries choose different works that put us in contact with different aspects of women in history and can lead us in turn to different themes of the History of Spain in the Modern Age. They are divided into several blocks: Discourse on motherhood, devotion, power and women’s knowledge; Queens and regents in Hapsburg Spain; Our daily work; Family portraits; and Women with their own name. With a clear methodology in terms of objectives and content, as well as the keys to analysis that are of most interest, in each section there is a section of proposed activities and complementary activities for students. And at the end, a series of appendices are added which deal with aspects related to the portraits, questioning the social situation or abounding in lines of conceptual work which can be expanded on later by resorting to other primary sources or historiography.

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]]> Women’s lives through ceramics and sumptuary arts https://historylab.es/womens-lives-through-ceramics-and-sumptuary-arts/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=womens-lives-through-ceramics-and-sumptuary-arts Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:27:41 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/la-vida-de-las-mujeres-a-traves-de-la-ceramica-y-las-artes-suntuarias/ Virtual didactic guide on women in history through ceramics and sumptuary arts

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]]> Didactic guide that aims to provide work material for teachers and students interested in opening up new avenues of reflection based on active participation and critical questioning of the history and theories of art with the inclusion of the gender perspective. From the collections of the Museo Nacional de Cerámica Gonzalez Martí, which houses a series of objects that refer us to different spheres of artistic reflection and cultural production, the aim is to raise questions about gender equality. Objects that speak to us from the power of accumulation and wealth to different forms of reproduction of everyday life and care, from the most intimate spheres to the presence of the public sphere. The itinerary proposed by the authors – Asunción Bernardez Rodal, Antonia Fernández Valencia and Marián López Fernández Cao – responds to the need to give greater visibility to women’s work and their participation in both material and symbolic life throughout history. The itinerary we propose has two lines of development: on the one hand, it aims to highlight the importance of women in artistic creation in general and in ceramics in particular, questioning above all the traditional role of women in art, which has been above all that of being models for artists. Secondly, the analysis of social space as significant places where gender relations are expressed. Although the chronological approach of the guide is long-term, the Modern Age has an important presence. The project is part of “Didactics 2.0 Museums in Feminine”, a project that is the result of joint work between a team from the Feminist Research Institute of the Complutense University of Madrid, the e-Women Association and the teams from the museums participating in the project: Museo del Prado, Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Museo del Traje and Museo Nacional de Cerámica González Martí

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