Descubrimiento - History Lab

Instruction to Columbus: Voyage and good government in the Indies

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:51 +0000

In the course of the 15th century, Portugal and Castile were at the forefront of overseas expansion along the Atlantic coast of Africa. Progress in cartography, navigational instruments and shipbuilding made it possible to sail the Atlantic. The dispute between Portugal and Castile was settled in 1494 with the signing of the Treaty of Tordesillas, which established a dividing line 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands. Columbus’ first expedition left Cabo de Palos in August, arriving on 12 October 1492 at an island in the Caribbean, later called San Salvador. At the same time, Columbus discovered the island of Cuba and, later, the island of Santo Domingo, which was called Hispaniola. Columbus made three voyages, and it was during the third (1498) that they reached the mainland.

The post Instruction to Columbus: Voyage and good government in the Indies first appeared on History Lab.

Original treaty concluded between the Catholic Monarchs and John II of Portugal on the limits of territories

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:42 +0000

Castile and Portugal engaged in long territorial disputes during the Modern Age over the control and administration of overseas territories. This confrontation came to an end in 1494 with the signing of the Treaty of Tordesillas, which established an imaginary dividing line 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands between the overseas dominions of each.

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Hernán Cortés’ Expedition to New Spain

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:42 +0000

Information at the request of Gonzalo de Guzmán, before the governor and adelantado Diego Velázquez, about the expedition of Hernán Cortés to New Spain, taking with him Alonso Fernández Puertocarrero and Francisco Montejo, a certain Alaminos as pilot and a Bautista as master. They were determined to follow up the discoveries made earlier by Juan de Grijalva. Arriving at a certain place, they took a ship, and loading it with gold and other riches, they sailed along dark and dangerous roads, fleeing lest they be caught. Signed by Diego Velázquez – Santiago de Cuba, 7 October 1519

The post Hernán Cortés’ Expedition to New Spain first appeared on History Lab.

Testament of Christopher Columbus

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:30 +0000

Testament, foundation of entailed estate and codicil granted by Admiral Christopher Columbus: Foundation of entailed estate in Seville in the year 1497 before the notary public Martín Rodríguez. Testament granted by Christopher Columbus on 22 February 1498. Codicil of Christopher Columbus, granted in Valladolid on 19 May 1506 and deed dated 25 August 1505 in Segovia.

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Capitulations of Admiral Christopher Columbus or “de Santa Fe”

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:30 +0000

Document showing the agreements between the Crown and Christopher Columbus for his planned voyage to the Indies. It contains the capitulations that Christopher Columbus signed with the monarchs Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile in Santa Fe on 17 April 1492, a few months after the capture of Granada. Its chapters stipulate the conditions under which Columbus would set sail on his first voyage, which led to the discovery of America that same year.

The post Capitulations of Admiral Christopher Columbus or “de Santa Fe” first appeared on History Lab.

Codex Techialoyan of Cuajimalpa (anonymous)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:30:09 +0000

After the discovery of the new lands on the American continent, from the second voyage of Columbus onwards, the conquest of the Indian territories progressed through modern times. At the end of the 15th century, the indigenous lands were incorporated into the monarchy. Hernán Cortés arrived in Cozumel in 1518, receiving Moctezuma, ruler of Tenochtitlán in 1519. Once Veracruz was founded, Cortés marched to conquer the Aztec Empire with 400 Spaniards, 15 horses and 1,400 Totonac warriors (it is important to remember the conquistador’s alliances with the Mayan people to expel the warlike Aztecs), where he defeated Xicotencatl and established an alliance with the Tlaxcalan people. The impact of Dutch and English propaganda on the Spanish conquest of the Americas should be noted, as they warned of the bloodthirsty nature of the Castilians. It is also important to highlight issues such as the diseases brought from Europe that affected the Indians, the impact of legends and the arrival of divinity for the Mayans, as well as the war context that pitted Mayan and Aztec peoples against each other, leading to political alliances to defeat the latter. The difference between the indigenous peoples and the Spaniards was notorious and evident. The latter advanced in an organised manner and with metal protections with the morrion on their heads, while the American tribes had tanned leather protections.

The post Codex Techialoyan of Cuajimalpa (anonymous) first appeared on History Lab.