Fiestas - History Lab https://historylab.es Fri, 20 May 2022 07:46:07 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9.4 https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cropped-icono-historylab-32x32.jpg Fiestas - History Lab https://historylab.es 32 32 Cadastre of the Ensenada https://historylab.es/cadastre-of-the-ensenada/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=cadastre-of-the-ensenada Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:42 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/catastro-de-la-ensenada/ The General Answers of the Cadastre of the Marquis de la Ensenada constitute the oldest and most exhaustive survey available on the towns of the Crown of Castile in the mid-18th century.

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]]> Between 1750 and 1754 all the towns in “las Castillas” were subjected to an interrogation consisting of the following 40 questions: Name of the town (question 1); jurisdiction (2); extension and limits (3); types of land (4, 5); trees (6, 7, 8 and 13); measures of surface and capacity used (9, 10); species, quantity and value of fruits (11, 12, 14 and 16); tithes and first fruits (15); mines, salt mines, mills and other “artefacts” (17); livestock (18, 19 and 20); census of population, with neighbours, labourers, solemnly poor (21, 35 and 36), census of clerics (38) and convents (39); houses and other buildings (22); goods belonging to the commons (23), sisas and arbitrios (24), expenses of the commons, such as salaries, festivals, paving, fountains (25), taxes (26 and 27); industrial and commercial activities, with the utility of the goods or services produced: taverns, inns, shops, bakeries, butchers, bridges, boats on rivers, markets and fairs (29), hospitals (30), money changers and merchants (31), shopkeepers, doctors, surgeons, apothecaries, notaries, muleteers etc. (32); masons, stonemasons, masons, stonemasons, blacksmiths, cobblers etc. (33, 34); ships (37); alienated goods (28) and the King’s own revenues (40); the answers to these questions are obtained following a previously regulated process. This panoramic view of the Kingdom is a small part of a larger survey, the so-called Cadastre of the Marquis de la Ensenada, set in motion by Royal Decree of Ferdinand VI on 10 October 1749, as a preliminary step to fiscal reform, replacing the complicated and unjust provincial revenues with a single tax, the so-called Contribution. The Single Tax was never implemented, but it has left an important volume of documentation in our archives, the General Answers are kept in various State Archives. The General Archive of Simancas holds the complete certified copy of the replies of the 13,000 localities of the Crown of Castile. Preservation reasons led to the initiation of the microfilming process. In the 1980s, the 545 books of General Answers kept in Simancas were microfilmed. The frequent consultation of these collections and the need to facilitate access made digitisation advisable, which was carried out by the Document Reproduction Service (SRDAE) from microfilm during 2004 and 2005. The result is 350,000 images of documents with very neat calligraphic handwriting, easy to read and with hardly any abbreviations; very few pages have legibility problems, such as faded inks or ink transfer from the back. These images are now available on this page.

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]]> The Madrid fair https://historylab.es/the-madrid-fair/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-madrid-fair Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:30:19 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/la-feria-de-madrid/ A festive scene in 18th-century Madrid featuring a group of majos painted by Goya

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]]> This composition by Francisco de Goya shows two elegant gentlemen and a lady at a fair in Madrid approaching the stall of a vendor who is obsequiously offering his wares. The merchandise consists of metal containers, pieces of furniture, paintings, mirrors, weapons and second-hand clothes. In the background, the silhouette of the town reveals a church whose dome and towers are reminiscent of those of San Francisco el Grande. The resulting tapestry hung in the dining room of the Princes of Asturias (the future Charles IV and Maria Luisa of Parma)

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]]> Bullfighting in the Plaza Mayor in Madrid https://historylab.es/bullfighting-in-the-plaza-mayor-in-madrid/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=bullfighting-in-the-plaza-mayor-in-madrid Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:30:03 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/corrida-de-toros-en-la-plaza-mayor-de-madrid/ This resource shows a bullfight in the Plaza Mayor in Madrid, a popular festival that served to celebrate a variety of political, social, military and religious events during the Modern Age. It belongs to the Collection: Selected Optical Views of the 18th and 19th Centuries. Volume 5, Views of Great Britain and Spain

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]]> The image shows a view of the Plaza Mayor in Madrid, where bullfighting festivities, in this case a bullfight, are being held. These festivities have been held since ancient times and were deeply rooted in Spain, supported to a large extent by the nobility as the main backer, although they soon became the favourite spectacle of the people due to their recreational nature. During the Modern Age they served to commemorate a variety of political, military, social and religious events, becoming one of the main attractions of these celebrations.

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