Frutos - History Lab https://historylab.es Wed, 18 May 2022 14:30:47 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.0 https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cropped-icono-historylab-32x32.jpg Frutos - History Lab https://historylab.es 32 32 Royal Decree on the establishment of customs on the coast and the frontier https://historylab.es/royal-decree-on-the-establishment-of-customs-on-the-coast-and-the-frontier/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=royal-decree-on-the-establishment-of-customs-on-the-coast-and-the-frontier Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:04 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/real-cedula-sobre-el-establecimiento-de-las-aduanas-en-la-costa-y-frontera/ Copy of a Royal Decree on the establishment of customs on the coast and frontier, and granting the title of superintendence of general customs revenue to the Marquis of Campoflorido (1817.12.24, 1718.03.20). Rules on the introduction of grain, fruits and effects for the inhabitants of the Basque provinces.

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]]> The 18th century was marked by numerous social conflicts, with the Esquilache riot being the most important revolt. All the revolts were social, economic and political in nature. The shortage of basic foodstuffs, including bread, and speculation by hoarders were two of the reasons that led the lower social classes to riot against the rulers. In this case, the machinada of 1718, caused by Philip V’s order to place customs on the coast, led to a rise in the price of products entering by sea.

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]]> Papers relating to the Madrid revolutions of 1766 https://historylab.es/papers-relating-to-the-madrid-revolutions-of-1766/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=papers-relating-to-the-madrid-revolutions-of-1766 Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:04 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/papeles-relativos-a-las-revoluciones-de-madrid-de-1766/ Papers relating to the Madrid revolutions of 1766 known as the Motín de Esquilache

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]]> The Esquilache riot was the most important social, economic and political revolt of the 18th century (1766). The shortage of basic foodstuffs, including bread, and the speculation of hoarders were two of the reasons that led the lower social classes to riot against the rulers. In the case of the Motín de Esquilache, the revolt ended with the march, via Cartagena, of the Marquis, who had to leave the peninsula in the face of the events and the demands of the lower social classes.

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]]> Order declaring as null and void the casualties made by abastos on the occasion of the Madrid uprising https://historylab.es/order-declaring-as-null-and-void-the-casualties-made-by-abastos-on-the-occasion-of-the-madrid-uprising/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=order-declaring-as-null-and-void-the-casualties-made-by-abastos-on-the-occasion-of-the-madrid-uprising Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:04 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/auto-acordado-declarando-por-nulas-las-bajas-hechas-por-abastos-con-motivo-de-la-sublevacion-de-madrid/ Order declaring as null and void the casualties caused by the uprising as well as the pardons and pardons and as enemies of the homeland to those who have thus intervened or taken part in the uprisings. Dated 5 May 1766.

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]]> The Esquilache riot was the most important social, economic and political revolt of the 18th century (1766). The shortage of basic foodstuffs, including bread, and the speculation of hoarders were two of the reasons that led the lower social classes to riot against the rulers. In the case of the Motín de Esquilache, the revolt ended with the march, via Cartagena, of the Marquis, who had to leave the peninsula in the face of the events and the demands of the lower social classes.

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]]> Royal decree granting the five major guilds of Madrid exclusive privilege to transport to Spain from Morocco https://historylab.es/royal-decree-granting-the-five-major-guilds-of-madrid-exclusive-privilege-to-transport-to-spain-from-morocco/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=royal-decree-granting-the-five-major-guilds-of-madrid-exclusive-privilege-to-transport-to-spain-from-morocco Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:51 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/real-cedula-concediendo-a-los-cinco-gremios-mayores-de-madrid-privilegio-exclusivo-para-transportar-a-espana-desde-marruecos/ Royal Decree granting the five major guilds of Madrid the exclusive privilege for 8 years to transport grain and other fruits produced in Morocco to Spain from the ports of Morocco

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]]> Royal Decree granting the five major guilds of Madrid the exclusive privilege for 8 years to transport grain and other fruits produced in Morocco to Spain from the ports of Morocco

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]]> Cadastre of the Ensenada https://historylab.es/cadastre-of-the-ensenada/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=cadastre-of-the-ensenada Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:42 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/catastro-de-la-ensenada/ The General Answers of the Cadastre of the Marquis de la Ensenada constitute the oldest and most exhaustive survey available on the towns of the Crown of Castile in the mid-18th century.

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]]> Between 1750 and 1754 all the towns in “las Castillas” were subjected to an interrogation consisting of the following 40 questions: Name of the town (question 1); jurisdiction (2); extension and limits (3); types of land (4, 5); trees (6, 7, 8 and 13); measures of surface and capacity used (9, 10); species, quantity and value of fruits (11, 12, 14 and 16); tithes and first fruits (15); mines, salt mines, mills and other “artefacts” (17); livestock (18, 19 and 20); census of population, with neighbours, labourers, solemnly poor (21, 35 and 36), census of clerics (38) and convents (39); houses and other buildings (22); goods belonging to the commons (23), sisas and arbitrios (24), expenses of the commons, such as salaries, festivals, paving, fountains (25), taxes (26 and 27); industrial and commercial activities, with the utility of the goods or services produced: taverns, inns, shops, bakeries, butchers, bridges, boats on rivers, markets and fairs (29), hospitals (30), money changers and merchants (31), shopkeepers, doctors, surgeons, apothecaries, notaries, muleteers etc. (32); masons, stonemasons, masons, stonemasons, blacksmiths, cobblers etc. (33, 34); ships (37); alienated goods (28) and the King’s own revenues (40); the answers to these questions are obtained following a previously regulated process. This panoramic view of the Kingdom is a small part of a larger survey, the so-called Cadastre of the Marquis de la Ensenada, set in motion by Royal Decree of Ferdinand VI on 10 October 1749, as a preliminary step to fiscal reform, replacing the complicated and unjust provincial revenues with a single tax, the so-called Contribution. The Single Tax was never implemented, but it has left an important volume of documentation in our archives, the General Answers are kept in various State Archives. The General Archive of Simancas holds the complete certified copy of the replies of the 13,000 localities of the Crown of Castile. Preservation reasons led to the initiation of the microfilming process. In the 1980s, the 545 books of General Answers kept in Simancas were microfilmed. The frequent consultation of these collections and the need to facilitate access made digitisation advisable, which was carried out by the Document Reproduction Service (SRDAE) from microfilm during 2004 and 2005. The result is 350,000 images of documents with very neat calligraphic handwriting, easy to read and with hardly any abbreviations; very few pages have legibility problems, such as faded inks or ink transfer from the back. These images are now available on this page.

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