Fuentes primarias - History Lab

Privilege letter from Charles I granting the title of villa to the place of Torres de la Alameda (1555)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:54:58 +0000

The document is a letter of privilege. This type of document was used by the monarchs to abolish taxes, confirm municipal privileges or, in this case, to grant the title of villa to Torres de la Alameda. The most immediate consequence was that the new town left the jurisdiction of Alcalá de Henares and created a new council. However, despite the theoretical concession, on a practical level it remained under the tutelage of Alcalá de Henares. This charter is an example of compensation to areas that rendered good services to the Crown; although it was usually signed by monarchs, on this occasion it was signed by Princess Juana of Austria, daughter of Charles I and Isabella of Portugal.

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Book of Grammar Exercises for Young People (1786)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:54:58 +0000

The work presented consists of a series of writings and grammar exercises. Together with the list of students (name, age and origin), it includes the notions they had in the Modern Age about Grammar, Orthography, Etymology, Syntax, Prosody, Language, Voice, Diction and Punctuation.

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Penalty for Egyptians who do not do what is commanded, 1539

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:46 +0000

A pragmatic analysis of the memorialist and arbitrarian writings of the 16th, 16th and 17th centuries regarding the Gypsy ethnic group reveals the line of thought that was held about them in the Spanish Golden Age. In these resources, Gypsies were forbidden to wander alone, not to have a trade and even not to have a lord and master, and were automatically sent to the galleys if they were between 20 and 50 years of age, where they would serve for no less than six long years, just for wandering the streets alone. Women, on the other hand, were to be flogged for the same offences.
The legislation in this regard can be defined as inoperative and exclusive, as its fundamental premise was to culturally assimilate the Roma, and if this was not achieved, to bring about their longed-for expulsion. The group, socially integrated into delinquency and marginality, viewed any defence of their culture with a xenophobic counterpoint that even went to legendary extremes in which they were given customs linked more to animals than to people. The Roma community, on the other hand, held on to their culture and customs, many of which have survived to the present day.

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Grammar studies in the rural world? A dangerous choice for the enlightened

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:29 +0000

During the Modern Age, grammar schools were usually established in the most populated and important towns in Spain. These studies constituted the intermediate education between the first letters and the university. In the province of Extremadura, these schools were mainly established in the municipalities which were the heads of the district, as well as in some villages with more than 300 inhabitants, as established by law: Villa del Campo (370 inhabitants), Santa Marta (400) or Villanueva del Fresno (450). The resource shown here is a fragment of the research carried out by Carmen Solano Macías and Agustín Vivas Moreno (see “source”). The authors rescue a writing by the learned Juan José Alfranca y Castellote, visitor of the Llerena district and oidor of the Royal Court, on the social inconvenience of establishing grammar schools in rural environments. The main reason he argues against the social reproduction strategy that families had to ensure the future of their offspring and their lineage: the introduction of some sons into the clergy. To be ordained as a priest, one first had to study grammar and, later, under the title and patrimony of a chaplaincy or pious work, they reached the state of priesthood. According to Alfranca’s enlightened conception, this phenomenon was harmful to the host people in that it nourished them with unproductive and ignorant individuals.

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Nobility and entailed estate in Orihuela: the importance of the surname

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:29 +0000

The text discusses the importance of the surname for noble families in the 17th and 18th century. The fragment shown below refers to a primary source by which Cristóbal Rocamora y Molins, a resident of Orihuela, initiated a lawsuit against Antonia de Heredia y Rocamora, eighth Marquise of Rafal. The lawsuit, initiated in 1772, was based on a clause of the foundation of the entailed estate of Rafal in 1638. In it we can see how the founder emphasised the importance of the surname, thus giving priority to the male over the female; if the successor was a woman, she was destined to marry a husband whose surname was Rocamora, thus ensuring that the entailed estate was linked to her lineage in perpetuity. The result of the lawsuit was that Antonia de Heredia lost the right to possession of the entailed estate when she refused to marry a relative of hers who bore the aforementioned surname.

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The post Nobility and entailed estate in Orihuela: the importance of the surname first appeared on History Lab.

Single woman with children, husband absent for 3 years. Toledo, 1778