Importaciones - History Lab https://historylab.es Fri, 20 May 2022 15:10:00 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.0 https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cropped-icono-historylab-32x32.jpg Importaciones - History Lab https://historylab.es 32 32 Wine imports through the port of London, 1600-1696 (in tonnes) https://historylab.es/wine-imports-through-the-port-of-london-1600-1696-in-tonnes/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=wine-imports-through-the-port-of-london-1600-1696-in-tonnes Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:48 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/importaciones-de-vino-por-el-puerto-de-londres-1600-1696-en-toneladas/ Fluctuation of wine imports through the port of London during the 17th century

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]]> Throughout the 17th century, wine became one of the most important aspects of Spanish exports to England. The international wine market faced strong competition during the 17th century, so other wine-producing countries such as France and Portugal had to be taken into account, as the prohibition on importing French wines or the increase in tariffs that affected the international wine market should be noted. The port of London, at the end of the 17th century, centralised most of the country’s commercial activity, and between 1672-1681 this enclave alone collected 542,100 pounds sterling out of the 760,000 pounds sterling obtained from the rest of the British ports: between 75-90% of the legal wine imports at the end of the century were made in the Thames. Starting from figures of around 5,000 tons per year and after reaching the highest figures of the century at the end of the 1630s (30,420 tons in 1638), there was a decline which did not mean a return to the starting figures. The change occurred around 1640, reflecting a situation of internal instability in the country, taking into account the increase in taxation on wine that led to the prohibition of French wine imports during the confrontation with Louis XIV.

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]]> Imports of wine through the port of London by provenance, 1675-1696 (tonnes) https://historylab.es/imports-of-wine-through-the-port-of-london-by-provenance-1675-1696-tonnes/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=imports-of-wine-through-the-port-of-london-by-provenance-1675-1696-tonnes Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:48 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/importaciones-de-vino-por-el-puerto-de-londres-segun-procedencia-1675-1696-en-toneladas/ Wine imports via the port of London from Spain, France, Italy or the Rhineland

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]]> Throughout the 17th century, wine became one of the most important aspects of Spanish exports to England. The international wine market faced strong competition during the 17th century, so other wine-producing countries such as France and Portugal had to be taken into account, as the prohibition on importing French wines or the increase in tariffs that affected the international wine market should be noted. The port of London, at the end of the 17th century, centralised most of the country’s commercial activity, and between 1672-1681, it alone collected 542,100 pounds sterling out of the 760,000 pounds sterling obtained from the rest of the British ports: between 75-90% of the legal wine imports at the end of the century were made in the Thames. The confrontation between France and England (1679-1685 and 1689-1696), together with the prohibitions on importing French wine, was a decisive factor since, in the mid-1670s, two thirds of the wine arriving in London came from France. Therefore, this situation meant an opening and a benefit for Portuguese and Spanish wines. At the end of the Third Anglo-Dutch War and the Franco-Dutch War, at the end of the 1670s and the beginning of the 1680s, Rhenish wines were the only ones whose natural outlet was through Dutch ports, and they were of some importance.

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]]> Origin of Spanish wine landed in London, 1664-1697 (in tonnes and %) https://historylab.es/origin-of-spanish-wine-landed-in-london-1664-1697-in-tonnes-and/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=origin-of-spanish-wine-landed-in-london-1664-1697-in-tonnes-and Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:02 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/procedencia-de-vino-espanol-desembarcado-en-londres-1664-1697-en-toneladas-y/ Origin of Spanish wines arriving at the port of London

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]]> Throughout the 17th century, wine became one of the most important aspects of Spanish exports to England. The international wine market faced strong competition during the 17th century, so other wine-producing countries such as France and Portugal had to be taken into account, as the ban on importing French wines or the increase in tariffs that affected the international wine market should be noted. When asked about the origin of the Spanish wines that landed in London in the second half of the 17th century, Canary Island wine accounted for 56.27% of all Spanish wine registered in the port of London. The fall in malvasia imports in 1666 was the main explanation for the drop in Spanish wine imports in 1664 to 2,016. The decline was due to the confrontation that took place between local producers and the English merchants who controlled both the origin and destination of wine exports from the archipelago. This confrontation led to the episode known as the wine spill on 2-3 July 1666. In response, the British government banned the import of Canary Island wine on 12 November of that year, until it was restored the following year. Although Malaga appears as the second most important area with 17.31% of the total amount of wine arriving in London between 1664-1697, what is relevant in the case of Malaga is the decline in wine exports to England, both in relative and absolute terms in the last third of the 16th century: the 3,300 tons of wine that arrived in London from Malaga in 1664 were reduced to 460 tons between 1694-1697. Cadiz, however, has figures that are difficult to interpret due to the strong fluctuations it shows: compared to an annual average of 445 tons in 1666-1668, in 1694-97 it reached quantities close to 1,000 tons.

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]]> Regional origin of Spanish wines arriving in London (%) https://historylab.es/regional-origin-of-spanish-wines-arriving-in-london/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=regional-origin-of-spanish-wines-arriving-in-london Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:02 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/procedencia-regional-de-los-vinos-espanoles-llegados-a-londres/ Percentage origin of wines arriving in London from Spain

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]]> Throughout the 17th century, wine became one of the most important aspects of Spanish exports to England. The international wine market faced strong competition during the 17th century, so other wine-producing countries such as France and Portugal had to be taken into account, as the prohibition on importing French wines or the increase in tariffs that affected the international wine market should be noted. The port of London, at the end of the 17th century, centralised most of the country’s commercial activity, and between 1672-1681 this enclave alone collected 542,100 pounds sterling out of the 760,000 pounds sterling obtained from the other British ports: between 75-90% of the legal imports of wine at the end of the century were made in the Thames. The provenance of the wines is not a trivial issue as it highlights the competitive nature of the market at the turn of the century. Once French wines were vetoed by the British market, Spanish or Portuguese wines were chosen. Over the course of the last decade of the 17th century and the first three decades of the 18th century, wine from the Canary Islands predominated among the wines of Spain, reducing its presence in Britain as the years went by.

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]]> The Franco-Spanish balance of trade in the mid-16th century https://historylab.es/the-franco-spanish-balance-of-trade-in-the-mid-16th-century/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-franco-spanish-balance-of-trade-in-the-mid-16th-century Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:40 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/la-balanza-comercial-franco-espanola-a-mediados-del-siglo-xvi/ A resource that reflects the economic nature of the port of Bilbao, which is a major importer of raw materials and products, with a high incidence of commercial companies working for others

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]]> The trade balance is a record that measures the relationship between imports and exports in a particular area and period. The contrast between the two determines the balance, that is, the positive or negative difference in the balance of trade. The author’s resource is based on Franco-Spanish trade through the port of Bilbao between 1544 and 1550. In general terms, the balance of trade showed a clear trade deficit with Spain, with more materials and goods being bought from France than were sold to it. Depending on the nature of the trading company (own account, in company, or on behalf of others), the results, although they follow the same deficit trend, have different impacts. On behalf of others, products were exported for a total value of 1,430,522 maravedís, and 237,911,576 maravedís were imported; a negative balance of 236,481,054. All this shows the nature of the port of Bilbao based on transit trade, where the goods received were hardly retained and from where they were distributed to the rest of the Peninsula. A small amount of the large volume of imports was destined for the local Bilbao trade, while the bulk went to Navarre, La Rioja and Castile, and even to America via Seville.

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]]> English textiles imported into the port of Cadiz in 1685 https://historylab.es/english-textiles-imported-into-the-port-of-cadiz-in-1685/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=english-textiles-imported-into-the-port-of-cadiz-in-1685 Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:40 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/productos-textiles-ingleses-importados-al-puerto-de-cadiz-en-1685/ Table showing the textile typology of English imports to the Iberian Peninsula and the evolution of consumption patterns with respect to previous times

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]]> At the end of the 17th century, the main foreign textiles imported into Castile through the port of Cadiz were bayetas (43.55%), etamina (14%) and perpetuanas (12.44%), 69.99% of the total. Imports of sagra and lilac, which had dominated the market at the beginning of the century, suffered a considerable decline. These changes in consumption patterns are confirmed by the similar textile products that were imported through the port of Bilbao, where sagra accounted for 0.44%, and the sum of the bayetas and perpetuanas constituted 85.17%. Spanish merchants were one of the main buyers of cloth from England in the early modern period; by the 1480s they accounted for between 10% and 15% of total English exports.

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]]> Place of residence of the distributors of foreign textile products in the port of Bilbao (1710-1714) https://historylab.es/place-of-residence-of-the-distributors-of-foreign-textile-products-in-the-port-of-bilbao-1710-1714/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=place-of-residence-of-the-distributors-of-foreign-textile-products-in-the-port-of-bilbao-1710-1714 Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:40 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/lugar-de-residencia-de-los-distribuidores-de-productos-textiles-extranjeros-del-puerto-de-bilbao-1710-1714/ Table analysing the place of residence of traders and distributors transporting products to Madrid, Segovia and Toledo, with traders from Burgos standing out

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]]> During the Modern Age, the importation of textiles into the Crown of Castile was a constant feature. The main importing country was England. Through the ports of Bilbao and Cadiz, a large volume of products such as sagra, cloths, linen and cloths arrived, but who were the Castilian merchants who imported the products? In relation to the port of Bilbao, an analysis of the place of residence reveals that the vast majority of merchants who distributed products in Madrid, Segovia and Toledo were, between 1710 and 1714, from Burgos (62.34%), followed by Álava (19.65%) and Segovia itself (5.05%). The authors point out that none of the transporters were from Bilbao, the port area, but from neighbouring territories; it was those from Burgos who specialised most in the distribution of textiles. The predominance of merchants from Burgos in the whole distribution network, with no major links between merchant, receiver and transporter from the same province, reflected a network of trust not based on family ties or proximity, but based on social capital; on the status and trust shown by the social group from Burgos.

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