política - History Lab

File on Miguel de Gálvez Maxent Gallardo

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:58 +0000

File of Miguel de Gálvez Maxent to enter as a student at the Royal Seminary of Nobles in Madrid. Son of D. Bernardo de Galvez, Lieutenant General of the Royal Armies, Knight Pensioner of the Royal Order of Charles III, Commander General of the Army of Operations in America. The document contains the seminarian’s baptismal certificate and testimony of nobility from 1792. Miguel de Gálvez was a member of the Gálvez family, born in Macharaviaya (Málaga), one of the most prominent families in 18th century Spanish politics.

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File on Sabino Rodríguez Campomanes

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:58 +0000

File of Sabino Rodríguez de Campomanes to enter as a student at the Royal Seminary of Nobles in Madrid. Son of D. Pedro Rodríguez Campomanes y Pérez, Count of Campomanes, Fiscal and Minister Governor in the Council of Castile, member of the Royal Spanish Academy and of History, President of the Council of the Mesta. The document contains the sacramental certificates and witness information (1776).

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Manual calendar and guide for strangers in Madrid

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:51 +0000

An annual publication founded in 1722 by Luis Félix de Miraval y Spínola, who in the same year obtained the marquisate of Miraval, and Gaspar Ezpeleta, and which until 1734 was entitled Kalendario particular. From 1725 its printer was Juan Sanz, then his heirs, and from 1730, Antonio Sanz, his nephew, who in 1769 ceded the rights to the Spanish Crown in exchange for a lifelong pension. The most complete collection was acquired by the Royal Academy of History, and the one in the possession of the National Library of Spain begins in 1744, stamped with a privilege held by Antonio Sanz, printer to the King and his council. The title page states that it contains the births of the kings, queens, the seventy members of the Sacred College of Cardinals, the princes of Europe, the ministers who make up His Majesty’s courts in their kingdoms, with an indication of their private residences in Madrid. In short, it is a very complete guide to the State Administration of the ancien régime, with an indication of its executive and consultative bodies (royal councils, boards), scientific and academic institutions and other bodies and entities that the Spanish monarchy created throughout the eighteenth century (including the Royal Public Library itself), the book includes the names of the archbishops and bishops of Spain and the Indies, the composition of the courts (chancillerías and audiencias), the list of kingdoms and provinces and partidos, with the names of their governors, intendants and corregidores. It begins with the Gregorian calendar, with the saints’ calendar for each day and astronomical data, and also contains the 40-hour jubilee, as well as statistical data on marriages, births and deaths in the parishes of Madrid, and a summary of the sick in their hospitals. There is also another section on the days on which the court dresses up or the days on which the mails come and leave the General Post Office of Castile in this court, or the list of the Knights of the Golden Fleece. It will also include the values of Spanish coins and their exchange values with the most important coins in Europe. From 1768 it will be accompanied by the Estado militar de España, with its own title page, with the names of the captains and lieutenant generals of His Majesty’s Army, field marshals, brigadiers and naval officers, etc. In the 1767 edition he began to include engravings, such as those of Charles III, the Princes of Asturias and the one of the Palace of Aranjuez, and later those of Charles IV and Queen Maria Luisa, before including those of Ferdinand VII and his daughter, the young Queen Isabella II, in the 19th century. He would also print a dozen maps of Spain and plans by Tomás López and his sons. In 1774, it left the Royal Printing House of the Gazette, and included the lists of knights of Charles III, professors of the Royal Studies, ambassadors and consuls and vice-consuls of the King abroad, the chronology of the kings of Spain and the calendar of the main fairs. In 1790 it already included an index, at the end or at the beginning, and in the 19th century, the lists of the Royal Order of Noble Ladies, the economic societies and the Royal Seminary of Nobles. Its volume increased over the years, from a hundred to over four hundred pages. During the invasion of the Napoleonic army, the kalendario did not appear in 1809 or 1810, and in 1811 it left the printing house of Miguel Segovia, printer to the Royal Navy, from the Royal Island of León in Cadiz, produced by two of the editors who were in charge of the main guides for foreigners, litigants, commerce and finance, and war and the navy in Madrid, and entitled Guía patriótica de España (Patriotic Guide to Spain). It includes an introduction narrating the difficulties encountered in producing it and will consist of two parts. The first part will give an account of the legitimate government, its courts and military state, and the second of the corps and officers of the armies resident in Cadiz, as well as the list of deputies of the Cortes, accompanied by an article. Those of 1812 and 1813 were entitled Guía política de las España, and were also printed in Cádiz, the first in the office of the widow of Comes, and the second in the Imprenta Nacional. In this case it is written by a single editor, and includes patriotic ephemeris of the main events that have been taking place during the war against the French armies, and introductory articles to the list of the legislative body, list of deputies and of the court and secretariat of State of Cortes, executive power, supreme council of Regency, Council of State, ambassadors and commanders of the armies. The 1813 edition will include an addendum entitled Exércitos nacionales. On the return of Ferdinand VII, it returned to its previous title and to practically the same contents as it had published during the old regime, until during the liberal triennium, when it again changed its title and some of its contents, once again including the list of deputies to the Cortes and the new administrative institutions that the incipient liberal State was beginning to create. In 1821 it was entitled Guía de forasteros en Madrid, and in 1822 and 1823 Guía política y militar, printed at the Imprenta Nacional, formerly the Imprenta Real. For its part, the Estado militar de España, which had been published together with the kalendario, in 1821, 1822 and 1823 was entitled Estado de los ejércitos de la monarquía española (State of the Armies of the Spanish Monarchy). The calendar for 1825 is also interesting because the “purified” did not appear in the lists. This publication would continue to be published until 1837, when it was replaced by the Guía de forasteros en Madrid, which included engravings of the queen governor Maria Cristina and her daughter, Isabel II, and gave an account of the new organisation that the liberal state was creating to replace that of the old regime, the kalendario is therefore a basic source of information for understanding both the evolution of the state structure and the holders of its numerous organs and institutions, from the absolutist and enlightened monarchy of the eighteenth century to the first decades of the construction of the liberal state, with its two most influential episodes, the constituent Cortes of Cadiz and its epigone of the triennium.

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Madrid Gazette

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:51 +0000

Gazeta is the database that offers the historical collection of the Official Gazette and contains provisions and news published in the official newspapers that preceded the current “Official State Gazette” from 1661 to 1959. The digital collection contains around 1,450,000 documents with a wide variety of news items – announcements, communications, regulations, etc. – many of them of great historical interest, constituting a rich source of information on the most important events of each period, both national and foreign. The database offers an index with the different historical periods it covers, including the reigns and main historical moments of Spain from the 17th to the 20th centuries.On the other hand, it is important to point out that since its beginning in 1661 and throughout its history, the Gaceta received different titles, and that at certain historical moments, several official newspapers coexisted under different names.

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Use of political arithmetic in trade and royal revenues

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:51 +0000

Document containing the translation into Spanish by Nicolás de Arriquibar of Davennt’s 1698 work “Uso de la aritmética política en el comercio y rentas reales”. The document is addressed to the students of the Real Sociedad Bascongada de los Amigos del País. It also contains a letter from Nicolás de Arriquibar to Miguel José de Olasso, dated 6 September 1771.

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Total number of vessels chartered in the port of Alicante to Sicily (1718)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:20 +0000

The arrival of the Bourbon dynasty to power in Spain was accompanied by an extensive programme of military reforms. Among these, the need to reform the fleet was imperative. In this regard, the efforts of José Patiño were particularly noteworthy. The need for a powerful fleet was also consubstantial with the monarchy’s strategy of recovering some of the territories lost as a result of the treaties signed in 1700, which dismembered Hispanic territorial unity. In order to achieve this objective, the monarchy resorted to forced contracts with the private owners of merchant ships that crossed the Mediterranean and specifically its ports. In this sense, they were obliged to take their ships to strategic ports such as Cartagena, Barcelona and Alicante (with the penalty of 2,000 pesos if they did not do so) where they were placed under the orders of the competent military. English ships were the most predominant given their active trade with the Mediterranean, with French ships in second place. According to Armando Alberola Roma, this type of measure became necessary due to the delicate situation of the Spanish navy and was an effective way of transferring troops and supplies to the Italian territories they wanted to take over, such as Sicily and Corsica. This experience would later enable Philip V to assemble an extraordinary fleet to take the city of Oran in 1732.

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Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:16 +0000

Web portal of the electronic Biographical Dictionary (DB-e) of the Royal Academy of History where you can consult extensive information about Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba “the Great Captain”. As described at the beginning of his biography, the Gran Capitán was “statesman, diplomat, mayor, Renaissance knight, admiral, captain general, viceroy of Naples” and is considered to be the architect of the new military configuration that gave rise to the infantry known as the Tercios de Flandes. Director: José Enrique Ruiz-Domènec

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Gonzalo Pizarro and the great encomendero rebellion

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:11 +0000

11-minute video analysing the figure of Gonzalo Pizarro (Trujillo, Spain, ca. 1510 – Cuzco, Viceroyalty of Peru, 10 April 1548) Spanish conquistador, younger paternal brother of Francisco Pizarro and one of the main actors in the conquest of Peru and the civil wars between the conquistadors. He led the great encomendero rebellion of 1544 against the Spanish crown in protest at the passing of the New Laws.

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The French Revolution in 15 minutes

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:06 +0000

This 14-minute video deals with the French Revolution as one of the most important political and social transformations in Europe at the end of the 18th century. It is one of the most tense and violent periods in which the Ancien Régime was overthrown, leading to the establishment of a new regime in which the bourgeoisie, sometimes supported by the popular masses, became the dominant political force.

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John of Austria, the hero of Lepanto

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:06 +0000

This 12-minute video tells the story of John of Austria, illegitimate son of Charles V, who was a royal, military and diplomatic figure during the reign of his paternal brother, King Philip II.

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