puertos - History Lab

Prudent conduct and procedure used by Mr. Francisco Ignacio de Alcibar Jaúregui in the revolutions that took place in the town of Azpeitia in November 1718, which was marked by

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:04 +0000

The 18th century was marked by numerous social conflicts, with the Esquilache riot being the most important revolt. All the revolts were social, economic and political in nature. The shortage of basic foodstuffs, including bread, and speculation by hoarders were two of the reasons that led the lower social classes to riot against the rulers. In this case, the machinada of 1718, caused by Philip V’s order to place customs on the coast, led to a rise in the price of products entering by sea.

The post Prudent conduct and procedure used by Mr. Francisco Ignacio de Alcibar Jaúregui in the revolutions that took place in the town of Azpeitia in November 1718, which was marked by first appeared on History Lab.

Representation addressed to the King by the Diputación de Guipúzcoa, requesting that the customs offices be returned to where they were

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:04 +0000

The post Representation addressed to the King by the Diputación de Guipúzcoa, requesting that the customs offices be returned to where they were first appeared on History Lab.

Royal Decree on the establishment of customs on the coast and the frontier

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:04 +0000

The post Royal Decree on the establishment of customs on the coast and the frontier first appeared on History Lab.

Royal decree granting the five major guilds of Madrid exclusive privilege to transport to Spain from Morocco

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:51 +0000

Royal Decree granting the five major guilds of Madrid the exclusive privilege for 8 years to transport grain and other fruits produced in Morocco to Spain from the ports of Morocco

The post Royal decree granting the five major guilds of Madrid exclusive privilege to transport to Spain from Morocco first appeared on History Lab.

Discovery of Terranova and cod fishing by the people of Guipuzcoa

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:51 +0000

The Treaty of Utrecht prohibited Spanish ships from accessing the Terranova fishing grounds. However, for centuries, this area was one of the most common fishing grounds for the Basques. Whaling had an extraordinary presence in the Basque economy. From the 12th to the 15th century, between the months of October and March, Basque whalers hunted whales in the Cantabrian Sea; however, from the 15th century onwards, the cetaceans began to disappear from the Cantabrian coast, so Basque fishermen had to move to Terranova. These expeditions, which lasted up to eight months and in which cod were also fished, were carried out with boats of fifty or so people.

The post Discovery of Terranova and cod fishing by the people of Guipuzcoa first appeared on History Lab.

La Concha de Artedo Beach (Cudillero, Asturias) in 1786

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:25 +0000

With the analysis of coastal projects aimed at optimising the natural conditions of the ports, we can see the efforts to adapt these characteristics to those of 18th century vessels. In the case of La Concha de Artedo, a technically simple project was carried out, but it even established the plan of a city, since, due to the characteristics of the orography and the terrain, the Cantabrian Ocean would be the main adversary.
Although many projects were never executed due to lack of time and means, they serve as a very close theoretical approximation of the Crown’s awareness of the importance of an excellent network of ports in a country like Spain, with an overseas empire to maintain and ports in a poor state of conservation and operation. It would be in the 19th century when state financing and the new steam and dredging machines would allow these plans of the previous century to be put into practice.

The post La Concha de Artedo Beach (Cudillero, Asturias) in 1786 first appeared on History Lab.

The ports of the Kingdom of Valencia (circa 1250-1520)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:31:14 +0000

The map shows the Valencian port line with more than 40 ports between 1250 and 1520. The seaways and ports contributed to the economic development of the region. There were 9 important ports: Valencia, Alicante, Denia, Gandía, Gandía, Cullera, Sagunto, Burriana, Castellón and Peñíscola; and smaller ports oriented to the proximity of the rural or semi-urban world. From the latter, products were shipped in kind to the city of Valencia to supply the market, or beyond the borders of the Kingdom. The maritime connection between Valencia and the towns by sea was extremely important during the second half of the 15th century, and there is evidence of the arrival of numerous cargoes in light sailing ships.

The post The ports of the Kingdom of Valencia (circa 1250-1520) first appeared on History Lab.

Formalisation of letters of obligation by masters and captains of ships (1580-1598)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:48 +0000

Notary publics set up public offices with royal authority to publicly attest the validity of an agreement and the identity of the parties who signed it. The use of this type of notarial document increased steadily in the main commercial centres of the time, such as Seville, because the notary public offices allowed local and foreign merchants to formalise their agreements without discriminating against them on the basis of their origin or status in the city. In this sense, the power of attorney could be relatively broad, granting full power to the proxy, or, on the contrary, very specific, limiting the action of the person who received it, as the flexibility of these was one of the factors that explained the popularity of the power of attorney itself. After Seville, the geographical references that appear most frequently in proxy letters are the ports of the Andalusian Atlantic coast, especially Sanlúcar de Barrameda, followed by Cádiz. The rise of the former was favoured by the policies of the Duke of Media Sidonia to attract foreign mercantile activity to the region. However, letters of obligation granted by masters and captains of the Carrera de Indias began to be frequent from the mid-1590s for several reasons: until then, contracts were formalised in other notaries’ offices; the existence of greater liquidity until 1590 allowed captains and masters to pay immediately without forcing payment on credit. From 1588 onwards, with the worsening of the wars with England and the Netherlands, merchants understood that the risk of financial operations with America increased and decided to formalise their operations to defend themselves against non-payment or confiscation by the monarchy.

The post Formalisation of letters of obligation by masters and captains of ships (1580-1598) first appeared on History Lab.

City and frontier between the Mediterranean and the Hapsburg Atlantic

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:11 +0000

This audio explains the main characteristics of walled cities in the Hapsburg period and the cities that were the maritime frontier of Spanish possessions in the Mediterranean, Atlantic and Caribbean. Firstly, the subject is approached from an architectural and construction point of view, making a comparison between the different port cities. Secondly, the importance of fortification goes beyond the simple defensive wall, they are also frontiers of power, with a strong symbolic character, where the city itself acts as a political, economic and military centre, especially in coastal cities. These are the gateways to maritime trade, in short, to the connection between continents.

The post City and frontier between the Mediterranean and the Hapsburg Atlantic first appeared on History Lab.

East India Company

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:27:29 +0000

The player assumes the role of the director of a trading company of the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Portugal, Denmark, Sweden, the Empire or the Spanish Monarchy. It has 11 types of ships. It reflects aspects such as port logistics, port facilities, Asian colonies, goods exchanged in trade and safety at sea.

The post East India Company first appeared on History Lab.