Religiosidad - History Lab https://historylab.es Wed, 18 May 2022 14:20:07 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.0 https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cropped-icono-historylab-32x32.jpg Religiosidad - History Lab https://historylab.es 32 32 Gazeta de México https://historylab.es/gazeta-de-mexico/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=gazeta-de-mexico Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:29 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/gazeta-de-mexico/ Fragment showing the prayers to the divinity in 1790 in order to make it rain in Guanjuato (Mexico)

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]]> Until quite recently, ignorance of much of the workings of the world was supplemented by a belief that made divinity omnipresent in all things that happened in nature. Clearly the presence of divinity in the workings of things in the world remains a legitimate and defensible avenue. However, in this context, it was assumed that God was present in every moment, in all things, and that any natural event or disaster had a meaning that responded to the behaviour of the populations involved. For example, Jaime Bleda stated in his Chronicle of the Moors of Spain that the expulsion of the Moors was a necessary undertaking so that God would not cast terrible punishments on the peninsular coast. The 17th century was the century of natural disasters, as well as epidemics and famines, so processions, penances and trousseaus offered to the divinity multiplied. This type of social and religious behaviour was also transferred to the Indies. In this case, prayers were made to overcome a period of drought, miraculously obtaining a response to the supplications.

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]]> General Record of Confraternities (1769-1784) https://historylab.es/general-record-of-confraternities-1769-1784/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=general-record-of-confraternities-1769-1784 Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:16 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/expediente-general-de-cofradias-1769-1784/ Accounting, control and suppression of the most widespread form of association: the confraternities

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]]> The confraternities were the channel for associations during the Modern Age. Their growth worried the Enlightenment authorities, who began to view with suspicion the associations that manifested a quasi-fanaticised faith following Baroque religiosity. In 1769 they set out to count the number of confraternities existing in Spain by means of the Expediente General de Cofradías (General Record of Confraternities). This report was carried out in all the intendencies, provinces, and jurisdictions of mainland Spain. A total of 25,581 confraternities were counted; 19,024 in Castile and 6,557 in the Crown of Aragon. In addition, they calculated the annual expenses incurred by each of them, estimating, in general, 11.5 million reales. How did the Catholic Church view the phenomenon of the confraternities? Although they were a defence of Catholicism against Protestantism through the public manifestation of popular religiosity, many of the brotherhoods’ festivities were oriented towards leisure, feasting and excesses, excesses that the ecclesiastical authorities saw as profane. Consequently, many bishops supported measures to suppress confraternities that did not have royal or religious authority. Finally, it was during the French invasion and the subsequent liberal disentailments that the number of brotherhoods decreased significantly. The digitised file allows the municipalities to be searched through the intendancies.

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]]> Will of Juan Martínez de la Iglesia with the foundation of a lay patronage (1712) https://historylab.es/will-of-juan-martinez-de-la-iglesia-with-the-foundation-of-a-lay-patronage-1712/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=will-of-juan-martinez-de-la-iglesia-with-the-foundation-of-a-lay-patronage-1712 Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:33:16 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/testamento-de-juan-martinez-de-la-iglesia-con-fundacion-de-un-patronato-de-legos-1712/ Will with the foundation of a trust reflecting family mentality and interests

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]]> Testamentary deeds are a privileged source of information on the Ancien Régime. In this specific case, we are dealing with the will of Juan Martínez de la Iglesia, made in 1712. Martínez de la Iglesia was a priest and commissioner of the Holy Office of the Inquisition in the town of El Bonillo (Albacete). The first testamentary mandates, oriented towards Catholic spiritual devotion, reflect the mentality of the time. Subsequently, he took stock of his movable and immovable assets, bequeathing them to his nieces (remember that ecclesiastics, being subject to celibacy, were not allowed to have children). Finally, for the economic well-being of the family, the priest founded a patronage of laymen to ensure a fixed income for those who owned it. What did the patronages consist of? They were a perpetual foundation whereby the founder segregated certain assets from his patrimony. The annual income from these assets, such as rents, was used to pay for masses for the founder’s soul and for the upkeep of the patronage’s administrator. In this specific case, the patronage is supported by the office of an ensign of the neighbouring town of Munera, a census, some country houses and a mill. With this patrimony, which could not be sold or disposed of as it was linked to the patronage, the perpetual performance of 12 annual masses was ensured. The example shown offers numerous possibilities for analysis of a spiritual, patrimonial and family nature, of reproduction and social mobility, of the system of transmission of inheritances, etc.

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