Arquitectura - History Lab

Elevation of the Royal Seminary of Nobles of Madrid I

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:58 +0000

The Royal Seminary of Nobles of Madrid was ordered to be built by Philip V for the education of young nobles, placing it under the tutelage of the Jesuits. They were initially installed in a building next to the Royal Studies of the Imperial College, so that the seminarians could study there, forming a single body under a single rector. It was endowed by agreement of the Chamber of Castile on 26 September 1725 with tobacco revenues. The term Seminary to designate this institution clearly expresses its status as an educational centre for the comprehensive, not only academic, training of the students. After the expulsion of the Jesuits in the time of Charles III, the direction of the Seminary was entrusted to the sailor and mathematician Jorge Juan, who installed an astronomical observatory there. In 1785, a new study plan gave it a clear military orientation, converting the Seminary into a military academy, although it maintained its selective nature, requiring rigorous genealogical tests for admission. When the Ocaña school was closed in 1786, the cadets were transferred to the Seminary, as were the students of the School of Pages, merging both institutions with the boarding school. From 1790 to 1800, the economic situation of the Seminary became increasingly critical due to the devaluation of the royal vouchers, with which it met its financial obligations, and the delay and irregularity of the arrival of the revenues from the Indies, the other source of financing. In 1807, in the face of the Napoleonic invasion, it was closed to teaching and the building was occupied by Spanish soldiers to organise the defence. In 1809, a decree by Joseph Bonaparte converted the building into a military hospital. In 1835, the Seminario de Nobles changed its name to Seminario Cristino, and the following year, in 1836, with the suppression of the privileges of the nobility, it was definitively closed, and its building was destined to house the recently transferred University of Alcalá

The post Elevation of the Royal Seminary of Nobles of Madrid I first appeared on History Lab.

Elevation of the Royal Seminary of Nobles of Madrid III

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:58 +0000

The Royal Seminary of Nobles of Madrid was ordered to be built by Philip V for the education of young nobles, placing it under the tutelage of the Jesuits. They were initially installed in a building next to the Royal Studies of the Imperial College, so that the seminarians could study there, forming a single body under a single rector. It was endowed by agreement of the Chamber of Castile on 26 September 1725 with tobacco revenues. The term Seminary to designate this institution clearly expresses its status as an educational centre for the comprehensive, not only academic, training of the students. After the expulsion of the Jesuits in the time of Charles III, the direction of the Seminary was entrusted to the sailor and mathematician Jorge Juan, who installed an astronomical observatory there. In 1785, a new study plan gave it a clear military orientation, converting the Seminary into a military academy, although it maintained its selective nature, requiring rigorous genealogical tests for admission. When the Ocaña school closed in 1786, the cadets were transferred to the Seminary, as were the students of the School of Pages, merging both institutions with the boarding school. From 1790 to 1800, the economic situation of the Seminary became increasingly critical due to the devaluation of the royal vouchers, with which it met its financial obligations, and the delay and irregularity of the arrival of the revenues from the Indies, the other source of financing. In 1807, in the face of the Napoleonic invasion, it was closed to teaching and the building was occupied by Spanish soldiers to organise the defence. In 1809, a decree by Joseph Bonaparte converted the building into a military hospital. In 1835, the Seminario de Nobles changed its name to Seminario Cristino, and the following year, in 1836, with the suppression of the privileges of the nobility, it was definitively closed, and its building was destined to house the recently transferred University of Alcalá

The post Elevation of the Royal Seminary of Nobles of Madrid III first appeared on History Lab.

Elevation of the Royal Seminary of Nobles of Madrid II

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:58 +0000

The Royal Seminary of Nobles of Madrid was ordered to be built by Philip V for the education of young nobles, placing it under the tutelage of the Jesuits. They were initially installed in a building next to the Royal Studies of the Imperial College, so that the seminarians could study there, forming a single body under a single rector. It was endowed by agreement of the Chamber of Castile on 26 September 1725 with tobacco revenues. The term Seminary to designate this institution clearly expresses its status as an educational centre for the comprehensive, not only academic, training of the students. After the expulsion of the Jesuits in the time of Charles III, the direction of the Seminary was entrusted to the sailor and mathematician Jorge Juan, who installed an astronomical observatory there. In 1785, a new study plan gave it a clear military orientation, converting the Seminary into a military academy, although it maintained its selective nature, requiring rigorous genealogical tests for admission. When the Ocaña school closed in 1786, the cadets were transferred to the Seminary, as were the students of the School of Pages, merging both institutions with the boarding school. From 1790 to 1800, the economic situation of the Seminary became increasingly critical due to the devaluation of the royal vouchers, with which it met its financial obligations, and the delay and irregularity of the arrival of the revenues from the Indies, the other source of financing. In 1807, in the face of the Napoleonic invasion, it was closed to teaching and the building was occupied by Spanish soldiers to organise the defence. In 1809, a decree by Joseph Bonaparte converted the building into a military hospital. In 1835, the Seminario de Nobles changed its name to Seminario Cristino, and the following year, in 1836, with the suppression of the privileges of the nobility, it was definitively closed, and its building was destined to house the recently transferred University of Alcalá

The post Elevation of the Royal Seminary of Nobles of Madrid II first appeared on History Lab.

Project to fortify Pamplona in 1756

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:25 +0000

Pamplona was a key place on the Spanish-French border from the beginning of the 16th century, being fortified on several occasions as artillery was introduced as a military warfare technique. The bastions were key to this task, simulating the great works of the citadel of Antwerp in 1567 and making Pamplona the first pentagonal citadel on the Peninsula.
During the 17th century, the difficulties in financing undertakings such as these meant that little work was done on the cities in the north of the peninsula. With the outbreak of the Seven Years’ War, the pressing need to fortify large fortifications in this area led Juan Martín Zermeño to be commissioned to draw up a series of projects in strategic locations such as Pamplona. The importance of this enclave led to a revision and modernisation of the previous works of Rez and especially Verboom in 1726, maintaining part of their objectives and working on the basis that the works were already well advanced. Zermeño’s modernisation came from proposals such as raising the bastions and varying the structure of the fort proposed by Verboom to give the defence a staggered form.

The post Project to fortify Pamplona in 1756 first appeared on History Lab.

Guevara Palace

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:12 +0000

Palace of the Guevara family, located in Lorca (Murcia). It was completed at the end of the 17th century and is an example of civil Baroque architecture. The most striking feature is its altarpiece façade (of anonymous authorship), with Solomonic columns and a heraldic display (Guevara, Marín, García de Alcaraz and Ponce de León). The owner of the house, Don Juan de Guevara, was a knight of the Order of Santiago. The building is also notable for its courtyard, staircase and various works of art (especially paintings by Camacho Felices)

The post Guevara Palace first appeared on History Lab.

Infantado Palace

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:12 +0000

Straddles the period between late Gothic and early Renaissance. It is an example of aristocratic residences, which move from castles to cities. In this case, the Mendozas controlled a royal city such as Guadalajara, where they also established their pantheon. They were one of the most egregious lineages of the Greatness of Spain, standing out as politicians, warriors, men of letters and ecclesiastics. Their domains show the patronage and collectionism typical of their high status.

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Courtyard of the Castle of Vélez Blanco

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:12 +0000

One of the first works of the Spanish Renaissance. It was sold at the beginning of the 20th century and is on display in the Metropolitan Museum in New York. It was commissioned by the 1st Marquis of Vélez and executed between 1506 and 1515. Its author is unknown. But the design is clearly Italianate. While the exterior of the fortress is severe, the interior was a rich palazzo in Renaissance fashion. An example of the despoilment of Spanish heritage

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The wedding at Cana

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:03 +0000

An immense painting by Paolo Caliari the Veronese, intended for the refectory of the monastery of San Giorgio Maggiore in Venice. The New Testament episode is set in lavish Palladian architecture and among the guests he portrays sovereigns, artists and himself among the musicians. He mixes the biblical narrative with anachronisms that reflect the apotheosis of Venetian art.

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City and frontier between the Mediterranean and the Hapsburg Atlantic

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:11 +0000

This audio explains the main characteristics of walled cities in the Hapsburg period and the cities that were the maritime frontier of Spanish possessions in the Mediterranean, Atlantic and Caribbean. Firstly, the subject is approached from an architectural and construction point of view, making a comparison between the different port cities. Secondly, the importance of fortification goes beyond the simple defensive wall, they are also frontiers of power, with a strong symbolic character, where the city itself acts as a political, economic and military centre, especially in coastal cities. These are the gateways to maritime trade, in short, to the connection between continents.

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360° images of the Royal Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:27:48 +0000

The Royal Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid), built between 1563 and 1584, can be seen through different interior and exterior 360º images. The monastery was promoted by Philip II and its construction involved, among others, the architects Juan Bautista de Toledo, Giovanni Battista Castello and Juan de Herrera, to whom we owe the characteristic final structure of the building. The complex includes the royal palace, the pantheon, the library, a college and the monastery.

The post 360° images of the Royal Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial first appeared on History Lab.