mano de obra - History Lab https://historylab.es Fri, 20 May 2022 14:55:26 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9.4 https://historylab.es/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cropped-icono-historylab-32x32.jpg mano de obra - History Lab https://historylab.es 32 32 Slaves present in 16th century capitulations in America https://historylab.es/slaves-present-in-16th-century-capitulations-in-america/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=slaves-present-in-16th-century-capitulations-in-america Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:25 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/esclavos-presentes-en-las-capitulaciones-del-siglo-xvi-en-america/ The table lists the black slaves in terms of their role in colonisation work in America (1520-1596)

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]]> In contrast to the slaves present in Spain, who were more dedicated to domestic and artisanal tasks, the need arose in America to turn them into a tool for the colonisation of new territories. Despite the prohibitions against black populations in the times of Cisneros and Charles V, the need for labour and large numbers of slaves made them the mainstay of the occupation of the Indies during the 16th century. From 1511, the massive importation of blacks began to expand, and it was even said that they would acclimatise quickly to the new territories because of their physical characteristics.
Through the capitulations, an attempt was made to develop new territories for the benefit of the Crown, and many private individuals offered black slaves to carry out tasks such as discovering, populating and pacifying these new territories with tasks known as domestic-scuderil. Their role was to work alongside a lord to help him with the difficulties that arose in establishing new settlements.

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]]> Distribution of day labourers by work and sex. S’Estorell, 1658-1673, 1674-1675 and 1677-1680 https://historylab.es/distribution-of-day-labourers-by-work-and-sex-sestorell-1658-1673-1674-1675-and-1677-1680/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=distribution-of-day-labourers-by-work-and-sex-sestorell-1658-1673-1674-1675-and-1677-1680 Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:02 +0000 https://historylab.es/2022/02/19/distribucion-de-la-mano-de-obra-jornalera-por-labores-y-sexo-sestorell-1658-1673-1674-1675-y-1677-1680/ Distribution of male, female and child labour in a seventeenth-century Mallorcan region

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]]> The demand for agricultural wage labour was highly seasonal, limiting the possibilities of converting it into a regular source of income. The development of agrarian capitalism contributed to this, which led to a productive specialisation in which the participation of women was lower than in the manufacturing and service sectors. The S’Estorell estate was located in the parish of Binissalem, at the foot of the Tramontana mountain range, and was the largest estate in the municipality and one of the ten most profitable on the island, with a valuation of 52,000 pounds according to the land registry of 1685. It covered 520 hectares, occupying the valley of Almandrá up to the first peaks of the mountain range in the villages of Alaró and Selva. The olive grove absorbed practically 90% of the daily wage labour, followed at a great distance by the cultivation of cereals (6.8%) and work in orchards or vineyards (1.8%). These tasks were carried out 69.8% by women, 20.5% by adult men and 9.75% by children. In this sense, the feminisation of day labour was very high, although unevenly distributed between tasks and crops. Female and child labour was almost entirely devoted to olive and carob harvesting, with hardly any participation in soil maintenance work. The male labour force, however, was hired for the more specialised work in the canopy of the olive groves and to plough carob trees, but also for unskilled work in the olive groves, such as weeding. In the harvest, however, female workers accounted for half of the workforce, although in a smaller proportion in terms of the number of days worked (44%).

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