Transhumance in Castile reached its zenith and its decline in the 18th century. Difficulties arose at the end of the 18th century, as the War of Independence dealt a severe blow to the activity (immobilised herds, reduction in numbers, etc.) at the beginning of the 18th century. After the end of the conflict, the herds experienced a rapid and vigorous recovery on an unstable basis. The point of no return was the crisis of 1820, when the new international markets for fine wool became dominant. The Marquis of Villanueva de Duero, Bernardo de Rojas y Contreras, married to Cándida Rosa de Robles – daughter of the first owner Pedro de Robles, knight of the Order of Santiago – was the owner for more than half of the period under consideration. As for the structure of costs and income, it is worth noting the low weight of the tithe and other charges, which include: tithes paid to the Leonese mountain; service and montonnage; alcabalas and hundreds; charges in favour of the Honrado Concejo de la Mesta (the Honourable Council of the Mesta). On average, the tithes constituted 78% of the total, although they represented 4.3% of the income obtained from the sale of wool. Although lambs were subject to the tithe levy, the herd did not pay the full tithe. The rule governing the payment of the tithe for transhumant livestock was simple: half was paid in land and half in ends (greenhouses).
Collection: Statistics
Project: 2. Social and economic impact of technological revolutions in Europe., 3. Rural world and urban world in the formation of the European identity., 9. Travels and travelers: economic, social and cultural connections.
Chronology: XVIII
Scope: Secondary Education, Baccalaureate, University
Link: https://www.historiaagraria.com/FILE/articulos/HA69__perez_romero.pdf
Resource type: Statistics
Format: Table
Source: Pérez-Romero, Emilio, «El negocio de la trashumancia en el siglo XVIII: la cabaña de Rojas (1746–1808)», Historia Agraria, 69 (2016), pp. 43–72.
Language: Spanish
Date: 2016
Owner: Álvaro Romero González (Modernalia)
Copyright: © Emilio Pérez-Romero © Revista de Historia Agraria
Abstract: Costs and income of the Cabaña de Rojas during the 18th century
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