Reino de Navarra - History Lab

Urban Enclaves and Public Disorder in the Kingdom of Navarre (1553-1786)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:32:25 +0000

The distribution of the urban world in the kingdom of Navarre between 1553 and 1786 shows a predominance in the southern part of the kingdom. The censuses of the aforementioned dates bear witness to this. The 13 towns were: Pamplona, located in the centre, the first link in a chain that descends southwards through Puente la Reina, Estella, Sangüesa, Larraga, Tafalla, Miranda de Arga, Falces, Peralta, Villafranca, Tudela, Corella and Cascante. The author of the appeal analyses it in terms of conflict through public disorder. As he points out, the primary sources reveal a logical result: the existence of more disorder in those urban centres with larger populations. A total of 800 processes of all kinds which, although they occurred with greater frequency and intensity, rural areas were not exempt from them.

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Socio-professional representation in the Pamplona Regiment (18th c.)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:30:03 +0000

In their aim to hold the positions of local administration in Navarre, the nobility designed and established a process through which members of the aristocracy could gain access to a political career during Modernity. Education from early childhood became one more tool for overcoming the rest of the population, and government and administration posts were reserved for them when they reached sufficient age and ability.
As early as the Catholic Monarchs in Navarre, people of trust were placed in positions of local government, promoting institutional and social processes in which they had to be reviewed in their posts. But as the years went by, the council posts in Pamplona were occupied almost entirely by the urban aristocracy, reaching their peak in the 18th century.
As for the city’s aldermen, most of them were nobles, the rest falling to certain socio-professional groups that barely accounted for 1% of the total urban population, being lawyers, notaries, solicitors and merchants. On the other hand, a large proportion of Navarrese (35% of the total) were excluded from local public office for almost the whole of Modernity. As a result, the autonomy of power in the smaller towns was more lax, with the main Navarrese graduates focusing on occupying positions of higher political and social status, leaving the concern in these rural areas in the hands of the lower and middle nobility.

The post Socio-professional representation in the Pamplona Regiment (18th c.) first appeared on History Lab.

Evolution of the unrest in the kingdom of Navarre (1512-1808)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:56 +0000

The society of the Ancien Régime was not exempt from conflict. The resource shows the evolution of collective violence in the kingdom of Navarre during the modern period. To do this, the author uses the lawsuits detected in the General Archive of Navarre and the Diocesan Archive of Pamplona to quantify them. The 800 lawsuits were distributed between 1512 and 1808, with the highest incidence occurring between 1576 and 1590. From that time onwards, the number of conflicts decreased and these were peaceful years for the inhabitants of the urban world of Navarre, which was where most unrest broke out. Community stability was broken at the time of the breakdown of the Ancien Régime: from 1771 to 1800, lawsuits, both in the civil and ecclesiastical courts, increased to the levels of the late 17th century, with the difference that incidents were more widespread in those years. According to the records, the majority of the offending protagonists were youths (48%), and the setting, with 52%, was the public street. It was common for the victims to be local authorities (43%) and other young people (20%). Of those convicted in the civil courts, the most common penalty was banishment (49%), while the ecclesiastical court opted for pecuniary penalties, i.e. the payment of a fine (40% of cases).

The post Evolution of the unrest in the kingdom of Navarre (1512-1808) first appeared on History Lab.

Weekly and hourly distribution of unrest in the kingdom of Navarre (1512-1808)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:56 +0000

The study of conflict in the kingdom of Navarre during the Modern Age offers interesting insights into the days of the week and the times when disturbances took place. As can be seen in the resource, low-intensity disorder, most of which was carried out by young people (48%) in the public streets, took place on public holidays (35%) and at night (51%), as can be seen in the resource. After public holidays, Sundays (22%), Tuesdays (13%) and Mondays (9%) were the most conflictive days. In terms of time of day, after the evening phase, the morning phase was followed by the morning (23%), with evenings (16%) and early mornings (10%) being the least preferred times for altercations. It is not surprising that the perpetrators chose the night, the rest of the neighbourhood and the lack of control by the authorities to carry out their disturbances and brawls. The monthly distribution of the disturbances is undoubtedly more curious. Indeed, the months of February, April, May, August and September show the highest values. The author identifies the causes: in February, carnivals, in April and May, processions and pilgrimages, while in August and September, local festivities provided the framework for unrest.

The post Weekly and hourly distribution of unrest in the kingdom of Navarre (1512-1808) first appeared on History Lab.

Places and causes of public disorder in the Kingdom of Navarre (1512-1808)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:56 +0000

The main protagonist of the conflict in the kingdom of Navarre during the modern period was the youth. The author of the resource analyses 800 lawsuits that took place between 1512 and 1808 in the civil and ecclesiastical courts of this territory. Young people accounted for 48% of those causing public disorder, followed by the clergy (14%), professionals (12%) and women and farmers and stockbreeders (both with 8%). The promoters of the conflicts targeted local authorities (43%), other youths and women (20% and 10% respectively). Where were the disturbances committed? The resource shows that the predominant place of the perpetrators was the street (52%). This was followed by the public square with 21% of the total number of quarrels. Less frequent was the incidence of disorder in sacred spaces (9%), with the most intense months being the months of processions and pilgrimages: April and May.

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Civil and ecclesiastical sentences for public disorders in the kingdom of Navarre (1512-1808)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:29:56 +0000

The modern age was no stranger to social conflicts. The author systematises 800 lawsuits of civil and ecclesiastical justice in the kingdom of Navarre from 1512 to 1808. Most of the offenders were young men (48%) and the victims were usually the local authorities (43%). Although the offences were no more than minor incidents, the courts of justice deployed a large number of punishments and few acquittals (7%). As the author notes, the civil and ecclesiastical courts opted for different sentences, both in their categories and in their degree of implementation. Starting with the civil court, 49% of the offenders were banished, while 22% were sentenced to a pecuniary sanction. 7% of the sentences were imposed with a pecuniary sanction. Seven percent of the sentences imposed the payment of court costs, and only 5% were sentenced to imprisonment. The remaining sanctions were divided between those who were forced to serve in the army (4%), to serve in the galleys (3%), and death sentences and public vengeance (1% for both cases). On the other hand, the ecclesiastical courts were more lenient in their penalties. Thus, the first group of penalties included the payment of a financial fine (40%). Banishment, favoured in the ordinary courts, did not exceed 10% of the total. Reprimands and imprisonment completed the sanctions with 30% and 20% respectively.

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