Historia cultural - History Lab

Jebo or villager from the vicinity of Bilbao

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:31:41 +0000

The following engraved print omits any reference to the draughtsman. The original engraving belongs to the fifth booklet, published between 1779 and 1783. Separate print from: Cruz Cano and Juan de la Olmedilla (1734-1790), depicts the image of a villager or also known as “jebo”, which according to Emiliano de Arriaga’s Lexicon of Bilbao means “villager”, i.e. a stocky young man, with rough manners and forms, but with a noble and honourable background. There is an abundance of soft colours, with red standing out among the more muted tones. The shaded lines also stand out, showing the figure’s pose. The background of the image shows no elements, and the sparse vegetation gives the landscape a certain static character, making the main figure stand out even more.

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Plan of the city of Almeria in 1709

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:31:41 +0000

The Provincial Archive of Almería contains an excellent collection of maps and cartographic documentation. In this case, we are looking at a map of the city of Almería drawn by the Marquis of Canales (1709). In it we can perfectly appreciate elements such as the city wall, the Alcazaba, the network of narrow streets and, curiously, a fortress is drawn, with artillery, which must have disappeared at the end of the War of the Spanish Succession.

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The mints of the Indies

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:11 +0000

This short video explains the birth of the mints in the American dominions. The regions of Mexico and Santo Domingo, and later Lima and Potosí, are particularly highlighted. The first Bourbons imposed quality measures which prompted the opening of new mints in Guatemala, Popayán and Santiago de Chile. Silver from the colonies arrived in Spain where it was minted, above all, in the form of reales de a ocho, a coin also known as the peso and later as the duro. The type of coins was also varied, with special emphasis on the symbolism in the form of the Pillars of Hercules and the motto of Emperor Charles: PLVS VLTRA.

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Women in history. The Enlightenment and women

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:28:11 +0000

The century of the Enlightenment was the century of the master painter Francisco de Goya, José Cadalso and the musician Domingo Arquimbau, but it was also the century of women, not forgetting that it was the scene of the first Tonadilla divas and of many aristocratic ladies who practised artistic activities as entertainment. The chapter deals with the crucial role played by some well-educated women with an interest in culture and high social standing, such as María Josefa Alfonso Pimentel, María Francisca de Sales Portocarrero (Countess of Montijo) and Josefa Amar y Borbón, who favoured the creation of literary salons and social clubs or conversation houses, as Jovellanos called them. These salons challenged the patterns and models belonging to traditionally male spheres. This video documentary shows biographical sketches of the lives of these women and their drive to protect culture and the figure of numerous artists, writers and philosophers. Their lives were not easy, as they had to fight and defend themselves from constant attack by institutions, including the Inquisition.

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The Countess of Montijo (1754-1808)

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:27:41 +0000

who was Mª Francisca de Sales Portocarrero y Guzmán (1754-1808), VI Countess of Montijo? The answer is offered by Gloria Franco Rubio, Professor of Modern History at the Complutense University of Madrid, in a presentation lasting just over 13 minutes. The video, hosted on the website Recursos Didácticos para la Historia Moderna y Contemporánea de las Mujeres y las Relaciones de Género en España, focuses on her figure as one of the most brilliant women of enlightened Spain. Translator of French works, salon conductor, active secretary of the Junta de Damas, she was also a suspect in religious matters. Her life trajectory shows a strong and free personality, unconventional in the society of her time and contrary to the model of the traditional domestic woman. Involved in the problems of her time, she wanted to contribute to the attainment of public happiness by getting involved in the search for solutions, developing activities and contributing initiatives that led her to adopt a personal commitment to the reformist tendencies of the enlightened governments, almost always acting with great solidarity towards women

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Motherhood throughout history

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:27:41 +0000

The video is part of the Research Group on Literary Sources for the History of Women of the Complutense University of Madrid, accessible from the web of didactic/divulgative resources on the History of women and gender relations in Spain, and deals with motherhood throughout History from an interdisciplinary perspective through the interventions of prestigious specialists such as Gloria Franco Rubio, Pilar Díaz Sánchez, Cristina Segura Graiño, María Jesús Fuente Pérez and María Soledad Arredondo Sirodey. With a duration of 23 minutes, the aim is to bring this type of research on cross-cutting issues such as motherhood to students, teachers at different levels of education and the general public. For other videos of the research group see the website https://www.ucm.es/historiamujeresgeneroesp/

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The history of women in the Prado Museum. Educational guide

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:27:41 +0000

According to the presentation made by the Museo del Prado itself, the Didactic Guide is based on the need to promote the association of museums and educational institutions to create joint strategies to overcome gender inequalities through a critical approach to the history and theories of art. The project is part of “Didactics 2.0 Museums in Feminine”, a project that is the result of joint work between a team from the Feminist Research Institute of the Complutense University of Madrid, the e-Women Association and the teams from the Museums participating in the project: Museo del Prado, Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Museo del Traje and Museo Nacional de Cerámica González Martí. The itineraries prepared by Antonia Fernández Valencia, Marián López Fernández Cao and Asunción Bernárdez Rodal address two basic themes: Women and power and Women’s jobs. According to these authors, although they are clearly related to each other, we can say that they have a profoundly complementary character from a social point of view, since the first one basically includes the works and biographies of women from royal and noble houses, while the second one, even including some examples of women from these groups due to their political activity, focuses essentially on the works of women from the middle and working classes. Both itineraries choose different works that put us in contact with different aspects of women in history and can lead us in turn to different themes of the History of Spain in the Modern Age. They are divided into several blocks: Discourse on motherhood, devotion, power and women’s knowledge; Queens and regents in Hapsburg Spain; Our daily work; Family portraits; and Women with their own name. With a clear methodology in terms of objectives and content, as well as the keys to analysis that are of most interest, in each section there is a section of proposed activities and complementary activities for students. And at the end, a series of appendices are added which deal with aspects related to the portraits, questioning the social situation or abounding in lines of conceptual work which can be expanded on later by resorting to other primary sources or historiography.

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Women’s lives through ceramics and sumptuary arts

ad_hlab_min — Sat, 19 Feb 2022 16:27:41 +0000

Didactic guide that aims to provide work material for teachers and students interested in opening up new avenues of reflection based on active participation and critical questioning of the history and theories of art with the inclusion of the gender perspective. From the collections of the Museo Nacional de Cerámica Gonzalez Martí, which houses a series of objects that refer us to different spheres of artistic reflection and cultural production, the aim is to raise questions about gender equality. Objects that speak to us from the power of accumulation and wealth to different forms of reproduction of everyday life and care, from the most intimate spheres to the presence of the public sphere. The itinerary proposed by the authors – Asunción Bernardez Rodal, Antonia Fernández Valencia and Marián López Fernández Cao – responds to the need to give greater visibility to women’s work and their participation in both material and symbolic life throughout history. The itinerary we propose has two lines of development: on the one hand, it aims to highlight the importance of women in artistic creation in general and in ceramics in particular, questioning above all the traditional role of women in art, which has been above all that of being models for artists. Secondly, the analysis of social space as significant places where gender relations are expressed. Although the chronological approach of the guide is long-term, the Modern Age has an important presence. The project is part of “Didactics 2.0 Museums in Feminine”, a project that is the result of joint work between a team from the Feminist Research Institute of the Complutense University of Madrid, the e-Women Association and the teams from the museums participating in the project: Museo del Prado, Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Museo del Traje and Museo Nacional de Cerámica González Martí

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